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Example chromatogram showing signal as a function of retention time

In chromatography, resolution is a measure of the separation of two peaks of different retention time t in a chromatogram.[1][2][3][4]

## Contents

* 1 Expression
* 2 Plate number
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Expression

Chromatographic peak resolution is given by

[math]\displaystyle{ R_s = 2\cfrac{t_{R2}-t_{R1}}{w_{b1}+w_{b2}} }[/math]

where tR is the retention time and wb is the peak width at baseline. Here compound 1 elutes before compound 2.

If the peaks have the same width

[math]\displaystyle{ R_s = \cfrac{t_{R2}-t_{R1}}{w_b} }[/math].

## Plate number

Two resolved peaks in a chromatogram

The theoretical plate height is given by

[math]\displaystyle{ H = \frac{L}{N} }[/math]

where L is the column length and N the number of theoretical plates.[5] The relation between plate number and peak width at the base is given by

[math]\displaystyle{ N = 16 \cdot \left(\frac{t_R}{W_b}\right)^2 \, }[/math].

## See also

* Image resolution
* Resolution (mass spectrometry)
* Van Deemter equation

## References

1. ↑ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version:  (2006-) "Peak Resolution Rs in chromatography". doi:10.1351/goldbook.P04465
2. ↑ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version:  (2006-) "Peak Resolution in gas chromatography". doi:10.1351/goldbook.R05317
3. ↑ Maryutina, Tatiana A.; Savonina, Elena Yu.; Fedotov, Petr S.; Smith, Roger M.; Siren, Heli; Hibbert, D. Brynn (2018). "Terminology of separation methods (IUPAC Recommendations 2017)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 90 (1): 181–231. doi:10.1515/pac-2017-0111. ISSN 0033-4545.
4. ↑ Ettre, L. S. (1993). "Nomenclature for chromatography (IUPAC Recommendations 1993)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 65 (4): 819–872. doi:10.1351/pac199365040819. ISSN 1365-3075.
5. ↑ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version:  (2006-) "plate number, N". doi:10.1351/goldbook.P04694

## External links

* IUPAC Nomenclature for Chromatography

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Chromatography

Techniques|

* Affinity chromatography
* Column chromatography
* Displacement chromatography
* Electrochromatography
* Gas chromatography
* High-performance liquid chromatography
* Capillary electrochromatography
* Ion chromatography
* Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
* Normal-phase chromatography
* Paper chromatography
* Reversed-phase chromatography
* Size-exclusion chromatography
* Thin-layer chromatography
* Two-dimensional chromatography

Hyphenated methods|

* Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
* Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
* Pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Theory|

* Distribution constant
* Freundlich equation
* Kovats retention index
* Retention factor
* Van Deemter equation

Prominent publications|

* Biomedical Chromatography
* Journal of Chromatography A
* Journal of Chromatography B

* Category
* Commons
* Analytical Chemistry

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