Upsilon meson

Upsilon (ϒ)

A plot of the invariant mass of muon pairs, from the Upsilon particle discovery paper. The peak at about 9.5 GeV is due to the contribution of the Upsilon meson.

Composition| bb
Statistics| Bosonic
Interactions| Strong, weak, Electromagnetic, Gravity
Symbol| ϒ
antiparticle| Self
Discovered| E288 experiment (1977)
Types| 1
Mass| 9.46030(26) GeV/c2
mean lifetime| 1.21×10−20 s
electric charge| 0 e
Spin| 1
Isospin| 0
Hypercharge| 0
Parity| -1
C parity| -1

The Upsilon meson (ϒ) is a quarkonium state (i.e. flavourless meson) formed from a bottom quark and its antiparticle. It was discovered by the E288 experiment team, headed by Leon Lederman, at Fermilab in 1977, and was the first particle containing a bottom quark to be discovered because it is the lightest that can be produced without additional massive particles. It has a lifetime of 1.21×10−20 s and a mass about 9.46 GeV/c2 in the ground state.

## See also

* Oops-Leon, an erroneously-claimed discovery of a similar particle at a lower mass in 1976.
* The Phi meson particle is the analogous state made from strange quarks.
* The J/Psi particle is the analogous state made from charm quarks.
* List of mesons

## References

* D.C. Hom (1977). "Observation of a Dimuon Resonance at 9.5 Gev in 400-GeV Proton-Nucleus Collisions". Physical Review Letters 39 (5): 252–255. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.39.252. Bibcode: 1977PhRvL..39..252H. http://lss.fnal.gov/archive/1977/pub/Pub-77-058-E.pdf.
* J. Yoh (1998). "The Discovery of the b Quark at Fermilab in 1977: The Experiment Coordinator's Story". AIP Conference Proceedings 424: 29–42. doi:10.1063/1.55114. Bibcode: 1998AIPC..424...29Y. http://lss.fnal.gov/archive/1997/conf/Conf-97-432-E.pdf.
* S. Eidelman et al. (Particle Data Group) (2004). "Review of Particle Physics – ϒ meson". Physics Letters B 592 (1–4): 1. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2004.06.001. Bibcode: 2004PhLB..592....1P. http://pdg.lbl.gov/2005/listings/m049.pdf.ϒ+meson&rft.jtitle=[[Physics:Physics+Letters+B|Physics+Letters+B]]&rft.aulast=S.+Eidelman+''et+al''.+([[Physics:Particle+Data+Group|Particle+Data+Group]])&rft.au=S.+Eidelman+''et+al''.+([[Physics:Particle+Data+Group|Particle+Data+Group]])&rft.date=2004&rft.volume=592&rft.issue=1–4&rft.pages=1&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.physletb.2004.06.001&rft_id=info:bibcode/2004PhLB..592....1P&rft_id=http://pdg.lbl.gov/2005/listings/m049.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Physics:Upsilon_meson">

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