British Arctic Territories

Short description: Former British territory

British Arctic Territories

1576–1 September 1880

Flag

Status| Former territory of the British Empire
Government| Colonial administration by the United Kingdom government
Establishment
Historical era| Age of Discovery

• Expeditions of Martin Frobisher

| 1576, 1577, 1578

• English territorial claim

| 1576

• Transfer to Canada

| Adjacent Territories Order, 31 July, 1880

• Disestablished

| 1 September 1880

| Succeeded by

|

|  | Canada |

|

Today part of| Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, Canada

The British Arctic Territories, as defined in 1880, were assumed British territories and possessions in or adjacent to North America and adjacent islands that were not part of Canada or the Colony of Newfoundland.[1] They are now known as the Arctic Archipelago.

The British claim to this land, mainly various islands, was based on the discoveries of Martin Frobisher (1535–1594) in the 16th century. The British government annexed to Canada in 1880 by means of an imperial order in council, the Adjacent Territories Order, under the royal prerogative.[2][3] That Order was made due to the United States' interest in the area, specifically in relation to the Monroe Doctrine.[3]

Britain had in 1870 transferred most of its remaining land in North America, which was the North-Western Territory and Rupert's Land, to Canada, and it became the Canadian North-West Territories, spelled the Northwest Territories from 1906.[4][5]

On 1 April 1999, the territory of Nunavut was created from the eastern portion of the Northwest Territories. Most of the islands became part of Nunavut. Islands split between Nunavut and the Northwest Territories include Victoria Island, Melville Island, Mackenzie King Island, and Borden Island.[6]

The islands were never part of Rupert's Land (Hudson Bay drainage basin) or the North-Western Territory (the mainland north and west of Rupert's Land), and both of those trade monopolies were managed by the Hudson's Bay Company. Canada had acquired those regions in 1870 and created the new Province of Manitoba,[7] originally a square 18 times less its current size,[8] as well as the new Northwest Territories, which by 1999 had ceded land to create today's Yukon and Nunavut Territories and the Provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta, and ceded land to existing provinces' expansions into northern Ontario, northern Quebec, all of Manitoba, and the northeastern tip of British Columbia.[9]

## British Arctic Territory flag hoax

Flags of the World has a tradition of posting a new flag for the British Arctic Territory every 1 April. It has led to some persistent misinformation on the web.[10]

## See also

* Northern Canada
* Northwest Passage

## References

1. ↑ Order of Her Majesty in Council admitting all British possessions and Territories in North America and islands adjacent thereto into the Union, at the Court at Osborne House. Isle of Wight, the 31st day of July, 1880.
2. ↑ Order of Her Majesty in Council admitting all British possessions and Territories in North America and islands adjacent thereto into the Union, at the Court at Osborne House. Isle of Wight, the 31st day of July, 1880.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Smith, Gordon. "THE TRANSFER OF ARCTIC TERRITORIES FROM GREAT BRITAIN TO CANADA IN 1880, AND SOME RELATED MATTERS, AS SEEN IN OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE'". http://pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca/arctic/Arctic14-1-53.pdf.
4. ↑ "History of the Name of the Northwest Territories". Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. Government of the Northwest Territories. http://www.pwnhc.ca/territorial-evolution-of-the-northwest-territories/.
5. ↑ "Northwest Territories Act | The Revised Statutes of Canada 1906 v.2" (in en). Article Chapter 62, Act of 1906. The Government of Canada. p. 1151–1173. https://archive.org/stream/revisedstatuteso02cana#page/1150/mode/2up. Retrieved 2021-09-29. Act of 1906&rft.pages=p. 1151–1173&rft.pub=The+Government+of+Canada&rft_id=https://archive.org/stream/revisedstatuteso02cana#page/1150/mode/2up&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Place:British_Arctic_Territories">
6. ↑ "The Creation of Nunavut - Canada's History" (in en). https://www.canadashistory.ca/explore/politics-law/the-creation-of-nunavut.
7. ↑ "Creation of the Province of Manitoba National Historic Event" (in en). https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_nhs_eng.aspx?id=970.
8. ↑ "Manitoba celebrates its 150th anniversary" (in en-US). https://canadiangeographic.ca/articles/manitoba-celebrates-its-150th-anniversary/.
9. ↑ "Evolution of the Northwest Territories | Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre". https://www.pwnhc.ca/en/evolution-northwest-territories.
10. ↑ "British Arctic Territory Flag Hoax". https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/gb!bat.html.

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Arctic topics

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Government|

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Geography|

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Geology|

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Regions|

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Economy|

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Transport|

* Arctic Bridge
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Earth's Polar regions of Earth

Antarctic|

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Arctic|

* Arctic Alaska
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