Kruševac Fortress

Short description: Forts in Serbia

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Kruševac Fortress or City of Prince Lazar (Serbian: Крушевачки град, Kruševački grad) was a medieval fortified town in Kruševac, Serbia, former capital of Prince Lazar. The city housed the court church, Lazarica. Today, all that remains of the town are ruins.[1]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 Archaeological site
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 Sources
* 6 External links

## History

The Fortress of Kruševac was first mentioned in 1381, so it was most likely built by Prince Lazar, becoming the seat of his realm – Moravian Serbia. He ruled his country from Kruševac, as attested by signature and record in a charter issued in 1387 which includes the phrase In the famous city of my dominion Kruševac (у славноме граду господства ми Крушевцу).

Lazar's son and successor Stefan Lazarević managed the despotate from Kruševac until 1405, when the capital was moved to Belgrade, which he began renewing and refortifying in that year. Kruševac never lost its strategic importance, however. It was the meeting place of despot Stefan and Sultan Mehmed I in 1413.

Struggles over the control of the city took place throughout the first half of the 15th century. It was occupied by the Turks briefly in 1413 and in 1427, and by Hungarians in 1437. After signing an agreement on the restoration of the Despotate, Đurađ Branković regained Kruševac in 1444. In 1454, the Ottomans launched an offensive with the goal of subduing the entirety of Serbia. At the beginning of the offensive, the Ottomans suffered enormous losses, especially in the Battle of Kruševac. The massive casualties inflicted on the Ottomans prompted Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror to personally reinforce his offensive using his entire Rumelian army. The city finally fell under Ottoman rule, along with the rest of the Despotate, later in 1454.

Under Ottoman rule, Kruševac was renamed Aladža Hisar, Turkish for Colorful City, because of the diversity of materials from which the fortress was built. The Lazarica, which was built by Prince Lazar, was vandalized by the Ottomans, and was used for gunpowder storage.

## Archaeological site

The best-preserved part of Prince Lazar's former capital is the palace church of St. Stephen, Lazarica. Little is left today of the Hard town of Kruševac, as it was called by Constantine of Kostenets. Today, the surviving remains consist of the Donjon Tower, through which one entered the city, and part of the eastern wall. Inside the towers today are a hallway with a staircase still remains; this once gave access to higher levels and to an exit onto the city walls. One of the curiosities of this particular tower was that it was plastered with pebbles, a rare style and probably one of the reasons that prompted the Turks to name the fortress "Colorful City". The area of the former fortress has been converted into a park and now holds a museum. The park is almost entirely neglected, except around the church. The walls and buildings remains are very poorly preserved and unmarked, with no protection from vandals. Parts of the walls were torn down during the last century to build houses; stone from the fortress was probably used in constructing nearby homes.

Kruševac Fortress was declared a Monument of Culture of Exceptional Importance in 1979, and it is now protected by the Republic of Serbia.[1]

## See also

* Monuments of Culture of Exceptional Importance
* Tourism in Serbia
* Prince Lazar
* Lazarica

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Monuments of Culture in Serbia

## Sources

* Monuments of Culture in Serbia: ЦРКВА СВ.СТЕФАНА ЛАЗАРИЦА СА КРУШЕВАЧКИМ ГРАДОМ (SANU) Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.
* Републички завод за заштиту споменика културе – Београд. "Црква Св. Стефана Лазарица са Крушевачким градом". БАЗА НЕПОКРЕТНИХ КУЛТУРНИХ ДОБАРА. http://www.spomenici.heritage.gov.rs/cir/nkd/pregled/crkva_sv_stefana_laz.

## External links

* Association of fortresses and remnants of fortified towns in Serbia, Kruševac
* Church of St. Stefan Lazarica with Kruševac Fortress SANU web-site, at www.spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.

* v
* t
* e

Cultural Heritage of Exceptional Importance

Archaeological Sites|

* Vinča-Belo Brdo
* Viminacium
* Gamzigrad
* Justiniana Prima
* Mediana
* Trajan's Bridge
* Diana Fortress
* Kraku Lu Jordan
* Rudna Glava
* Velika humka
* Židovar
* Starčevo site
* Bassianae
* Gomolava
* Sirmium
* Titel plateau
* Čelarevo site
* Ulpiana

Cultural Monuments|

* St. Achillius Church
* Mramorje
* Belgrade Fortress
* Princess Ljubica's Residence
* Dositej's Lyceum
* Captain Miša's Mansion
* Belgrade Cathedral
* Museum of 4 July
* Illegal Partisan Printing Houses
* Residence of Prince Miloš
* Prohor Pčinjski
* Pokajnica
* Golubac Fortress
* Takovo Museum
* Manasija
* Tabula Traiana and Trajan's Bridge
* Old Parliament and Court
* House of Svetozar Marković
* Sobrašice
* Žiča
* Studenica Monastery
* Maglič
* Stolice
* Lazarica with Kruševac Fortress
* St. Nicholas Monastery
* Holy Mother of God Church, Kuršumlija
* Lazarevac Memorial Ossuary
* Cer Memorial Ossuary
* Vuk Karadžić's birth house
* Ljubovija Memorial Ossuary
* Lepenski Vir
* Stefan Lazarević Memorial
* Hajduk Veljko's Powder Magazine
* Early Byzantine Tomb with Frescoes
* Skull Tower
* Niš concentration camp
* Đurđevi stupovi
* St. Peter's Church, Ras
* Sopoćani
* Stari Ras
* Old House, Pirot
* Banja Monastery
* Mileševa Monastery
* Partisan Hospital, Prijepolje
* Gornja Dobrinja
* Gradac Monastery
* Kalenić Monastery
* Smederevo Fortress
* Museum of 1941 Uprising
* Partisan printing house "Borba"
* Headquarters of the Main People's Liberation Comity of Serbia
* Plant nursery, Užice
* Kadinjača
* Stari Han
* Karađorđe's Topola with Oplenac
* Ljubostinja
* Ravanica
* House of Dimitrije Tucović
* Wine cellar, Atenica
* Memorial chapel with the crypt, Prnjavor
* Wooden Church, Dub
* Sirogojno Old Village
* Partisan Hospital, Krčagovo
* Monument to the Unknown Hero
* Memorial Rooms in Prohor Pčinjski
* Bođani Monastery
* Franciscan Church, Bač
* Dunđerski Palace
* Neštin House
* Bački Petrovac House
* Beočin Monastery
* Rakovac Monastery
* Šlajz
* Bishop's palace, Vršac
* Mesić Monastery
* Vojinović Bridge
* Medieval palace of Vučitrn
* Monastery of Saint Barbara
* Wooden house of Lođani
* Hadum mosque
* Serbian Orthodox Church in Čurug
* Church of St. Nicholas, Stari Slankamen
* Velika Remeta Monastery
* Vrdnik-Ravanica
* Grgeteg Monastery
* Jazak Monastery
* Krušedol Monastery
* Mala Remeta Monastery
* Novo Hopovo Monastery
* Staro Hopovo Monastery
* Presentation of Jesus Church, Krušedol Selo
* Gorioč monastery
* Our Lady of Hvosno
* Church of St. John, Crkolez
* Church of St. Nicholas, Đurakovac
* Church of St. Nicholas, Kikinda
* Suvača
* Serbian Orthodox Church in Mokrin
* Churches in White Drin valley
* Romanian Orthodox Church in Uzdin
* Holy Thetokos Church, Vaganeš
* Ubožac Monastery
* Presentation of Mary Church, Lipljan
* Arača
* Almaška Church
* Dormition Church, Novi Sad
* St. George Cathedral
* Name of Mary Church
* Novi Sad Synagogue
* Petrovaradin Fortress
* Matica srpska
* Gymnasium Jovan Jovanović Zmaj
* Kovilj Monastery
* Novo Brdo Fortress
* Church of St. Nicholas and St. John, Velika Hoča
* Vojlovica Monastery
* Transfiguration Church, Pančevo
* Transfiguration Church, Budisavci
* Bajrakli Mosque
* Church of St. Jeremiah, Goraždevac
* Warehouses of Karlovčić
* Church of St. Luke, Kupinovo
* Ogar House
* Orthodox Church in Sibač
* Kaljaja Fortress
* Monastery and Hermitage of St. Peter of Koriša
* Church of the Holy Saviour, Prizren
* Church of St. Nicholas, Prizren
* Churches of Sredačka Župa
* Sinan Pasha Mosque
* Hammam of Prizren
* Imperial Mosque
* Church of St. John, Sombor
* Devič
* Divša Monastery
* Kuveždin Monastery
* Petkovica Monastery
* Šišatovac Monastery
* Old Church of St. Stephen, Šišatovac
* Patriarchate of Karlovci
* Cathedral of Saint Nicholas, Sremski Karlovci
* Karlovci Gymnasium
* Warehouses of Golubinci
* Subotica Synagogue
* Subotica City Hall
* Svrčin
* Church of the Virgin Hodegetria, Mušutište
* St. George Church, Rečani
* Roman Catholic Church in Čoka
* Orthodox Church in Vilovo
* Zvečan Fortress
* The Protection of the Mother of God Church in Boljetin
* Monuments of Nerodimlje
* Churches of Sirinićka Župa
* Privina Glava Monastery
* Orthodox Church in Molovin
* Monastery of the Holy Archangels
* Gračanica Monastery
* Visoki Dečani
* Our Lady of Ljeviš
* Patriarchate of Peć
* Banjska Monastery
* Terzijski Bridge
* Miloš Obrenović's House
* Tronoša Monastery
* Šterić villa
* Memorial fountain dedicated to king Alexander Karađorđević
* House of Press building
* The Calvinist Church in Debeljača
* Petronijević family house

Historic Landmarks|

* Marićevića jaruga
* Radovanje Grove
* Bela Crkva
* Šumarice Memorial Park
* Bubanj Memorial Park
* Čegar
* Ljubić Memorial Complex
* Kraljevo Memorial Park
* Memorial Complex "Boško Buha" in Jabuka
* Site of the Battle of Slankamen
* Idvor Memorial Complex
* Site of the Battle of Petrovaradin
* Site of the Battle of Senta
* Chapel of Peace
* Site of the breaking of Syrmian Front
* Takovski grm

Spatial Cultural-Historical Units|

* Knez Mihailova Street
* Tešnjar
* Stara Čaršija, Novi Pazar
* Negotin Wine Cellars
* Topčider
* Stari Ras with Sopoćani
* Gazimestan
* Bač Fortress
* Sremski Karlovci
* Fruška Gora
* Dositej's Lyceum area

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