Laño

Laño (Basque: Lañu) is a hamlet and concejo (a small administrative subdivision) in Condado de Treviño within the Treviño enclave; which is administratively part of the Spanish province of Burgos, but which is completely surrounded by the territory of the Basque country province of Álava. It is best known for the fossils of extinct vertebrates dating from around 70 million years before present which have been found there.

Las Gobas, a site of ancient artificial caves from the 7th to the 13th century CE, is located just north of the village.[1]

## Palaeontology

The Paleontology Unit of the University of the Basque Country and other scientists have studied the fossil record at Laño. The fossils are from the late Cretaceous (late Campanian to lower Maastrichtian). It has been inferred that there was then a braided riverbed at the site, that the sea was nearby, and that the climate was tropical or sub-tropical.[2][3]

Taxa identified at Laño include:

* Arcovenator sp., a species of abelisaurid dinosaur[4]
* Acynodon iberoccitanus, a species of crocodilian in genus Acynodon
* Dortoka vasconica, a species of turtle in genus Dortoka in family Dortokidae in sub-order Pleurodira
* Gargantuavis, a genus of bird[4]
* Herensugea caristiorum, a species of snake in genus Herensugea in family Madtsoiidae
* Lainodon orueetxebarriai, a species of placental mammal in genus Lainodon in family Zhelestidae
* Lirainosaurus astibiae, a species of sauropod dinosaur in genus Lirainosaurus
* Menarana laurasiae, a species of snake in genus Menarana[5]
* Musturzabalsuchus buffetauti, a species of crocodilian in genus Musturzabalsuchus
* Polysternon atlanticum, a species of turtle in genus Polysternon
* Solemys vermiculata, a species of turtle in genus Solemys in family Helochelydridae
* Rhabdodon, a genus of ornithopod[4]
* Struthiosaurus, a genus of ankylosaur[4]
* Taveirosaurus, a genus of ornithischian dinosaur
* Tarascosaurus a genus of abelisaurid dinosaur
* ?Pyroraptor, a genus of dromaeosaurid dinosaur[4]

## Gallery

* Laño church

## References

1. ↑ Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo; Yaka, Reyhan; Pochon, Zoé; Sanchez-Pinto, Iban; Solaun, José Luis; Naidoo, Thijessen; Guinet, Benjamin; Pérez-Ramallo, Patxi et al. (2024-08-30). "Five centuries of consanguinity, isolation, health, and conflict in Las Gobas: A Northern Medieval Iberian necropolis" (in en). Science Advances 10 (35). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adp8625. ISSN 2375-2548. PMID 39196943.
2. ↑ Astibia, H. (September 1990). "The fossil vertebrates from Lano (Basque Country, Spain); new evidence on the composition and affinities of the Late Cretaceous continental faunas of Europe". Terra Nova 2 (5): 460–466. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.1990.tb00103.x. Bibcode: 1990TeNov...2..460A.
3. ↑ "Iraganaren berri" (in Basque). 1 June 2007. http://zientzia.eus/artikuluak/iraganaren-berri/.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Isasmendi, Erik; Torices, Angelica; Canudo, José Ignacio; Currie, Philip J.; Pereda-Suberbiola, Xabier (2022). "Upper Cretaceous European theropod palaeobiodiversity, palaeobiogeography and the intra-Maastrichtian faunal turnover: new contributions from the Iberian fossil site of Laño". Papers in Palaeontology 8 (1). doi:10.1002/spp2.1419. ISSN 2056-2799.
5. ↑ Laduke, T.C., Krause, D.W., Scanlon, J.D. and Kley, N.J. (2010). "A Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) snake assemblage from the Maevarano Formation, Mahjanga Basin, Madagascar". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (1): 109–138. doi:10.1080/02724630903409188. Bibcode: 2010JVPal..30..109L.

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