Maqne

Short description: Town in Baalbek-Hermel, Lebanon

Maqne

مقنة

Maakne

Maqne

Location in Lebanon

Coordinates:  [ ⚑ ] : 34°4′40″N 36°12′31″E﻿ / ﻿34.07778°N 36.20861°E﻿ / 34.07778; 36.20861
Country|  Lebanon
Governorate| Baalbek-Hermel
District| Baalbek
Time zone| UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)| +3
Maqne I, Tell MaqneAlternative name| Maakne I, Tell Maakne

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Location| Beqaa Valley, Lebanon
Type| Surface site & Tell
Part of| Type site
History
Periods| Shepherd Neolithic, Early Bronze Age, Ancient Rome
Site notes
Excavation dates| 1957
Archaeologists| M. Billaux, Maurice Tallon, Henri Fleisch
Condition| ruins,
Public access| Yes

Shepherd Neolithic flint tools discovered at Kamouh el Hermel. 1. End scraper on a flake. 2. Transverse scraper and awl on a thin flake. 3. Borer on a flake blade. 4. Burin with a wide working edge on a heavy flake. All in matt brown flint.

Maqne or Maakne (Arabic: مقنة) is a town and municipality in Baalbek District, Baalbek-Hermel Governorate, Lebanon.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Maqne I
* 2 Tell Maqne
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## Maqne I

Along with Qaa, Maqne I or Maakne I is a type site of the Shepherd Neolithic industry. The surface site was discovered in 1957 by M. Billaux and the materials found were studied by Henri Fleisch and Maurice Tallon. Findings were published by Fleisch in 1966.[2] The site is located 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of the town, east of the road that leads from Baalbek to Homs. The Shepherd Neolithic assemblage found resembled that collected from Qaa and was spread over a sterile area of consolidated Neogene alluvial conglomerates. Lorraine Copeland commented that the industry could be found in no particular concentration around a wide area of the northern Beqaa valley. M. Billaux observed that the worked Shepherd Neolithic flints were of far superior quality than the brittle, unworkable flint conglomerates in the area. He suggested that these flints were imported onto the Beqaa plains from elsewhere.[1]

The Shepherd Neolithic industry can be defined firstly by being small and thick in size, with flakes commonly ranging from 2.5 centimetres (0.98 in) to 4 centimetres (1.6 in), the thickness distinguishing them from geometric microliths. Their second characteristic is the limited number of forms that the tools take, apart from cores being transverse racloirs on small flakes, strong-pointed borers, denticulated or notched thick, short blades and end-scrapers. It was thirdly characterized by a lack of known typology, with only occasional use of Levallois technique. It was determined to be definitely later than the Mesolithic but without any usual forms from the Upper Paleolithic or pottery Neolithic. Henri Fleisch tentatively suggested the industry to be Epipaleolithic and suggested it may have been used by nomadic shepherds.[1] The Shepherd Neolithic has largely been ignored and understudied following the outbreak of the Lebanese civil war.

## Tell Maqne

Tell Maqne or Tell Maakne is located in a cemetery 200 metres (660 ft) east of the road between El Ain and Baalbek. It is a mound of grey soil on top of a cliff that overlooks a ravine of the north Nahle that can be accessed by a road to the east of the village. The tell was found by Lorraine Copeland in the August 1966, who collected a variety of cores, scrapers, blades and burins, all with a white patina. Various groups of pottery were found dispersed and broken up around the area. A collection of Early Bronze Age sherds was made that included chevrons and combed impressions resembling similar pieces found at Bchemoun. Another type of pottery found was a thin, yellow and brown washed type considered similar to the "Smeared Wash" type found by Robert John Braidwood at Amuq. Fragments of inverted-rim platters were also discovered with a reddish black burnish. Other sherds were found with a vibrant red or orange burnish that had small, round handles. Another group of pottery found was of a very rough type, made with chaff-holes and large, coarse grits. Other pottery found indicated Roman and later occupations.

Maurice Tallon did not consider that the tumuli to be found on the nearby plains was prehistoric.[3]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 L. Copeland; P. Wescombe (1966). Inventory of Stone-Age Sites in Lebanon: North, South and East-Central Lebanon, p. 44 & 74. Impr. Catholique. https://books.google.com/books?id=qhPRQwAACAAJ. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
2. ↑ Fleisch, Henri., Notes de Préhistoire Libanaise : 1) Ard es Saoude. 2) La Bekaa Nord. 3) Un polissoir en plein air. BSPF, vol. 63, 1966.
3. ↑ Tallon, M., Tumulus et Mégalithes du Hermel et de la Beqa Nord. Mélanges de l'Université Saint Joseph, Volume 31, fasc. 3, p. 91, 1959.

## External links

* Maqneh, Localiban

* v
* t
* e

Archaeological sites in Lebanon

* Aadloun
* Aaiha
* Aammiq
* Aaqbe
* Ain Aata
* Ain Choaab
* Ain Harcha
* Akbiyeh
* Akkar plain foothills
* Al-Bireh
* Amioun
* Amlaq Qatih
* Anjar, Lebanon
* Antelias cave
* Apheca
* Ard Saouda
* Ard Tlaili
* Arqa
* Baalbek
* Baidar ech Chamout
* Batroumine
* Batroun
* Bechamoun
* Beirut
* Beit Mery
* Berytus (Roman Beirut)
* Bustan Birke
* Byblos
* Canalizations of Zenobia
* Dahr El Ahmar
* Dakoue
* Deir El Aachayer
* Deir Al-Ahmar
* Deir Mar Maroun
* Dekwaneh
* Douris (Baalbek)
* Elaea (Lebanon)
* Flaoui
* Fadous Sud
* Hebbariye
* Hadeth south
* Haret ech Cheikh
* Hashbai
* Heliopolis in Phoenicia
* Hermel plains
* Iaat
* Jabal es Saaïdé
* Jbaa
* Jdeideh
* Jebel Aabeby
* Jeita Grotto
* Joub Jannine
* Jieh
* Kafr Zabad
* Kamid al lawz
* Kamouh el Hermel
* Karak Nuh
* Kaukaba
* Kefraya
* Kafr Tebnit
* Kfar Qouq
* Kfarhata
* Khallet Michte
* Khirbet El-Knese
* Kouachra megalith field
* Ksar Akil
* Labweh
* Lake Qaraoun (Ain Jaouze)
* Libbaya
* Lion Tower
* Majdal Anjar
* Mansourieh
* Maronite mummies
* Mayrouba
* Mdoukha (Jebel Kassir)
* Moukhtara
* Mtaileb
* Nabi Zair
* Nachcharini
* Nahle, Lebanon
* Neba'a Faour
* Nebi Safa
* Niha Bekaa
* Phoenician port of Beirut
* Plain of Zgharta
* Qaa
* Qal'at Bustra
* Qalaat Tannour
* Qaraoun
* Qasr el Banat
* Ras Baalbek I
* Ras Beirut
* Ras El Kelb
* Rashaya
* Roman Forum of Berytus
* Roman temple of Bziza
* Roman hippodrome of Berytus
* Sands of Beirut
* Saraain El Faouqa
* Shheem
* Sidon
* Sin el Fil
* Sarepta
* Stone of the Pregnant Woman
* Tahun ben Aissa
* Taire
* Tayibe
* Tell Aalaq
* Tell Ablah
* Tell Addus
* Tell Ahle
* Tell Ain Cerif
* Tell Ain el Meten
* Tell Ain Ghessali
* Tell Ain Nfaikh
* Tell Ain Saouda
* Tell Ain Sofar
* Tell Ayoub
* Tell Bar Elias
* Tell Beshara
* Tell Bir Dakoue
* Tell Deir
* Tell Delhamieh
* Tell Derzenoun
* Tell Dibbine
* Tell el-Burak
* Tell El Ghassil
* Tell El Hadeth
* Tell Fadous
* Tell Hazzine
* Tell Hoch Rafqa
* Tell Karmita
* Tell Khardane
* Tell Kirri
* Tell Jezireh
* Tell Jisr
* Tell Kabb Elias
* Tell Majdaloun
* Tell Masoud
* Tell Mekhada
* Tell Meouchi
* Tell Mureibit
* Tell Murtafa
* Tell Nahariyah
* Tell Neba'a Chaate
* Tell Neba'a Litani
* Tell Qasr Labwe
* Tell Rasm El Hadeth
* Tell Rayak
* Tell Saatiya
* Tell Safiyeh
* Tell Saoudhi
* Tell Serhan
* Tell Shaikh Hassan al Rai
* Tell Shamsine
* Tell Sultan Yakoub
* Tell Taalabaya
* Tell Wardeen
* Tell Zenoub
* Tell Zeitoun
* Temnin el-Foka
* Temple of Bacchus
* Temple of Eshmun
* Temple of Jupiter
* Temple of the Obelisks
* Tlail megaliths
* Toron
* Tripolis (region of Phoenicia)
* Tyre Necropolis
* Tyre, Lebanon
* Wadi Boura
* Wadi Koura
* Wadi Yaroun
* Yammoune
* Yanta
* Ain W Zain
* Zahlé

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