Outline of Thailand

Short description: Overview of and topical guide to Thailand

The Flag of Thailand

The National Emblem of Thailand depicting the Garuda

The location of Thailand An enlargeable map of the Kingdom of Thailand

The following outline is an overview of and topical guide to Thailand.

Thailand is a country at the centre of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia, known as Siam until 1939. As of 2023[update] Thailand is a monarchy governed by a military junta that took power in May 2014. Although a constitutional system was established in 1932, the monarchy and military have continued to intervene periodically in politics. Thailand experienced rapid economic growth between 1985 and 1996, becoming a newly industrialized country and a major exporter. Manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism are leading sectors of the economy. Among the ten ASEAN countries, Thailand ranks second in quality of life and the country's HDI had been rated as "high". Its large population and growing economic influence have made it a middle power in the region and around the world.

Tai groups and people who speak Tai are the majority population in Thailand, with Tai-Lao speakers making up 25% of the population. The heartland of Thailand is the Chao Phraya River Valley, where the original inhabitants were Mon-speaking people. The Mon people are now a minority, and the Mon language is endangered. The valley later gained control over Eastern Thailand as well, known as the Korat Plateau. This area is not mountainous, as its name would suggest. Although the people of this area have largely adopted Thai culture, there is still a mixture of many Tai-Kadai, Khmer, and Cambodian speakers. Northern Thailand is mountainous and holds many minority groups: "hill tribes." Another mountainous region is the Malay Peninsula, where the 3rd largest population of Malay people live. Many in this area speak Mon-related languages.

## Contents

* 1 General reference
* 2 Geography of Thailand
* 2.1 Environment of Thailand
* 2.1.1 Natural geographic features of Thailand
* 2.2 Regions of Thailand
* 2.2.1 Ecoregions of Thailand
* 2.2.2 Administrative divisions of Thailand
* 2.2.2.1 Provinces of Thailand
* 2.2.2.2 Districts of Thailand
* 2.2.2.3 Cities in Thailand
* 2.3 Demography of Thailand
* 3 Government and politics of Thailand
* 3.1 Branches of the government of Thailand
* 3.1.1 Executive branch of the government of Thailand
* 3.1.2 Legislative branch of the government of Thailand
* 3.1.3 Judicial branch of the government of Thailand
* 3.2 Foreign relations of Thailand
* 3.2.1 International organization membership
* 3.3 Law and order in Thailand
* 3.4 Military of Thailand
* 4 History of Thailand
* 4.1 By period
* 4.2 By region
* 4.3 By field
* 5 Culture of Thailand
* 5.1 Art in Thailand
* 5.2 Religion in Thailand
* 5.3 Sports in Thailand
* 6 Economy and infrastructure of Thailand
* 7 Education in Thailand
* 8 Health in Thailand
* 9 See also
* 10 References
* 11 External links

## General reference

An enlargeable relief map of Thailand

* Common English country names: Thailand, archaic Siam
* Official English country name: The Kingdom of Thailand
* Common endonym(s):
* Official endonym(s):
* Adjectival(s): Thai
* Demonym(s): Thai
* Etymology: Name of Thailand
* International rankings of Thailand
* ISO country codes: TH, THA, 764
* ISO region codes: See TH
* Internet country code top-level domain: .th

## Geography of Thailand

An enlargeable topographic map of Thailand

Geography of Thailand

* Thailand is: a country
* Location:
* Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
* Eurasia
* Asia
* South East Asia
* Indochina
* Time zone: Indochina Time ICT
* Extreme points of Thailand
* High: Doi Inthanon 2,565 m (8,415 ft)
* Low: Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea 0 m
* Land boundaries: 4,863 km

Burma 1,800 km
Laos 1,754 km
Cambodia 803 km
Malaysia 506 km

* Coastline: 3,219 km

* Population of Thailand: 63,038,247 people (December 2007 estimate) - 20th most populous country
* Area of Thailand: 513,115 km2 (198,115 sq mi) - 49th largest country
* Time in Thailand
* Thai lunar calendar
* Thai solar calendar
* Atlas of Thailand

### Environment of Thailand

An enlargeable satellite image of Thailand

* Climate of Thailand
* Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Thailand
* Environmental issues in Thailand
* Deforestation in Thailand
* Renewable energy in Thailand
* Protected areas of Thailand
* Biosphere reserves in Thailand
* Forest Parks of Thailand
* Historical parks of Thailand
* National parks of Thailand
* Wildlife of Thailand
* Birds of Thailand
* Mammals of Thailand

#### Natural geographic features of Thailand

Mekong River System Mahanakhon, once the tallest building in Thailand

* Islands of Thailand
* Mountains of Thailand
* Thai highlands
* Volcanoes in Thailand
* Rivers of Thailand
* River Systems of Thailand
* World Heritage Sites in Thailand

### Regions of Thailand

Regions of Thailand

* Directional regions
* Central Thailand
* Northern Thailand
* Northeast Thailand (Isan)
* Southern Thailand
* Patani (See also South Thailand insurgency)
* Economic regions
* Eastern Seaboard of Thailand

#### Ecoregions of Thailand

Ecoregions in Thailand

#### Administrative divisions of Thailand

Administrative divisions of Thailand

* Provinces of Thailand
* Districts of Thailand
* Tambon ("commune" or "subdistrict")
* Cities
* Muban ("village")

##### Provinces of Thailand

Thailand is divided into 76 provinces (จังหวัด, changwat) and the metropolitan municipality Bangkok (กรุงเทพมหานคร, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon).

Map showing the 76 provinces and 1 metropolitan municipality (Bangkok) of Thailand A chedi built in Srivijaya period, Amphoe Chaiya, Surat Thani Province Northern

1. Chiang Mai (เชียงใหม่)
2. Chiang Rai (เชียงราย)
3. Lampang (ลำปาง)
4. Lamphun (ลำพูน)
5. Mae Hong Son (แม่ฮ่องสอน)
6. Nan (น่าน)
7. Phayao (พะเยา)
8. Phrae (แพร่)
9. Uttaradit (อุตรดิตถ์)

West

1. Kanchanaburi (กาญจนบุรี)
2. Phetchaburi (เพชรบุรี)
3. Prachuap Khiri Khan (ประจวบคีรีขันธ์)
4. Ratchaburi (ราชบุรี)
5. Tak (ตาก)

Isan

1. Amnat Charoen (อำนาจเจริญ)
2. Bueng Kan (บึงกาฬ)
3. Buri Ram (บุรีรัมย์)
4. Chaiyaphum (ชัยภูมิ)
5. Kalasin (กาฬสินธุ์)
6. Khon Kaen (ขอนแก่น)
7. Loei (เลย)
8. Maha Sarakham (มหาสารคาม)
9. Mukdahan (มุกดาหาร)
10. Nakhon Phanom (นครพนม)
11. Nakhon Ratchasima (นครราชสีมา)
12. Nong Bua Lamphu (หนองบัวลำภู)
13. Nong Khai (หนองคาย)
14. Roi Et (ร้อยเอ็ด)
15. Sakon Nakhon (สกลนคร)
16. Si Sa Ket (ศรีสะเกษ)
17. Surin (สุรินทร์)
18. Ubon Ratchathani (อุบลราชธานี)
19. Udon Thani (อุดรธานี)
20. Yasothon (ยโสธร)

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Central

1. Ang Thong (อ่างทอง)
2. Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province (พระนครศรีอยุธยา)
3. Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon), Special Governed District of (กรุงเทพ ฯ)
4. Chai Nat (ชัยนาท)
5. Kamphaeng Phet (กำแพงเพชร)
6. Lopburi (ลพบุรี)
7. Nakhon Nayok (นครนายก)
8. Nakhon Pathom (นครปฐม)
9. Nakhon Sawan (นครสวรรค์)
10. Nonthaburi (นนทบุรี)
11. Pathum Thani (ปทุมธานี)
12. Phetchabun (เพชรบูรณ์)
13. Phichit (พิจิตร)
14. Phitsanulok (พิษณุโลก)
15. Sukhothai (สุโขทัย)
16. Samut Prakan (สมุทรปราการ)
17. Samut Sakhon (สมุทรสาคร)
18. Samut Songkhram (สมุทรสงคราม)
19. Saraburi (สระบุรี)
20. Sing Buri (สิงห์บุรี)
21. Suphan Buri (สุพรรณบุรี)
22. Uthai Thani (อุทัยธานี)

East

1. Chachoengsao (ฉะเชิงเทรา)
2. Chanthaburi (จันทบุรี)
3. Chonburi (ชลบุรี)
4. Prachin Buri (ปราจีนบุรี)
5. Rayong (ระยอง)
6. Sa Kaeo (สระแก้ว)
7. Trat (ตราด)

South

1. Chumphon (ชุมพร)
2. Krabi (กระบี่)
3. Nakhon Si Thammarat (นครศรีธรรมราช)
4. Narathiwat (นราธิวาส)
5. Pattani (ปัตตานี)
6. Phang Nga (พังงา)
7. Phatthalung (พัทลุง)
8. Phuket (ภูเก็ต)
9. Ranong (ระนอง)
10. Satun (สตูล)
11. Songkhla (สงขลา)
12. Surat Thani (สุราษฎร์ธานี)
13. Trang (ตรัง)
14. Yala (ยะลา)

##### Districts of Thailand

Chiang Rai city clock tower in the middle of Amphoe Meaung Chiang Rai

Altogether Thailand has 877 districts (อำเภอ; Amphoe), not including the 50 districts of Bangkok which are called khet (เขต) since the Bangkok administration reform in 1972.

##### Cities in Thailand

List of cities in Thailand

* Capital of Thailand: Bangkok

### Demography of Thailand

Demographics of Thailand

## Government and politics of Thailand

Bangkok, the capital city of Thailand

Politics of Thailand

* Form of government: Constitutional monarchy
* Capital of Thailand: Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon)
* Conflicts in Thailand
* 2014 Thai coup d'état
* South Thailand insurgency
* 2020–2021 Thai protests
* Elections in Thailand
*       * 1933
* 1937
* 1946
* 1948
* February 1957
* December 1957
* 1969
* 1975
* 1976
* 1983
* 1986
* 1988
* March 1992
* September 1992
* 1995
* 1996
* 2001
* 2005
* 2006
* 2007
* 2011
* 2014
* 2019

* Political parties in Thailand

### Branches of the government of Thailand

Government of Thailand

#### Executive branch of the government of Thailand

A painting shows the late King Bhumibol and young Vajiralongkorn

* Head of state: King of Thailand, Vajiralongkorn
* Head of government: Prime Minister of Thailand, Prayut Chan-o-cha
* Cabinet of Thailand
* Ministries of Thailand

#### Legislative branch of the government of Thailand

* National Assembly of Thailand (bicameral)
* Upper house: Senate of Thailand
* Lower house: House of Representatives of Thailand

#### Judicial branch of the government of Thailand

Court system of Thailand

* Constitution Tribunal
* Rulings of the Constitutional Court of Thailand
* Administrative Court of Thailand
* Criminal Court of Thailand
* No juries

### Foreign relations of Thailand

Foreign relations of Thailand

* Diplomatic missions in Thailand
* Diplomatic missions of Thailand
* Foreign aid to Thailand
* Thailand Customs

#### International organization membership

International organization membership of Thailand The Kingdom of Thailand is a member of, or participates in:[1]

* African Union/United Nations Hybrid operation in Darfur (UNAMID)
* Asian Development Bank (ADB)
* Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
* Asia-Pacific Telecommunity (APT)
* Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
* Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum (ARF)
* Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
* Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)
* Colombo Plan (CP)
* East Asia Summit (EAS)
* Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
* Group of 77 (G77)
* International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
* International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
* International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
* International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
* International Criminal Court (ICCt) (signatory)
* International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
* International Development Association (IDA)
* International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
* International Finance Corporation (IFC)
* International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
* International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
* International Labour Organization (ILO)
* International Maritime Organization (IMO)
* International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
* International Monetary Fund (IMF)
* International Olympic Committee (IOC)
* International Organization for Migration (IOM)
* International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

* International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
* International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
* International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
* International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
* Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
* Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
* Nonaligned Movement (NAM)
* Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) (observer)
* Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) (observer)
* Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) (partner)
* Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
* Organization of American States (OAS) (observer)
* Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) (partner)
* Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
* United Nations (UN)
* United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
* United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
* United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
* United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
* United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR)
* United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)
* World Health Organization (WHO)
* World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
* Universal Postal Union (UPU)
* World Confederation of Labour (WCL)
* World Customs Organization (WCO)
* World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
* World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
* World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
* World Trade Organization (WTO)

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### Law and order in Thailand

Royal Thai police vehicle

Law of Thailand

* Constitution of Thailand
* Crime in Thailand
* Human trafficking in Thailand
* Human rights in Thailand
* Censorship in Thailand
* Internet censorship in Thailand
* LGBT rights in Thailand
* Freedom of religion in Thailand
* Law enforcement in Thailand
* South Thailand insurgency

### Military of Thailand

Royal Thai army band in the ceremonial dress marching in front of the Grand Palace

Military of Thailand

* Command
* Commander-in-chief:
* Ministry of Defence of Thailand
* Forces
* Army of Thailand (more pictures)
* Navy of Thailand
* Marine Corps of Thailand
* Royal Thai Navy SEALs
* Air Force of Thailand
* Special forces of Thailand
* Military history of Thailand
* Military ranks of Thailand

## History of Thailand

Wat Chaiwatthanaram ruins from Ayutthaya period A Leela Buddha statue in the ruins of Wat Saphan Hin in Sukhothai Historical Park, built in Sukhothai period

History of Thailand

* Peopling of Thailand

### By period

* Prehistoric Thailand
* Early history of Thailand
* Initial states of Thailand (3 BCE-1238)
* Suvarnabhumi
* Dvaravati
* Lavo
* Hariphunchai
* Singhanavati
* Pan Pan
* Raktamaritika
* Langkasuka
* Srivijaya
* Tambralinga
* Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1448 )
* Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351-1767)
* Thonburi Kingdom (1768–1782)
* Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–2008)
* Kingdom of Thailand
* History of Thailand (1932–1973)
* History of Thailand (1973–2001)

### By region

Collapsed chedi of Wat Chedi Luang which was built in Lanna Kingdom

* Hariphunchai
* Isan
* Lanna
* Nakhon Si Thammarat
* Phitsanulok

### By field

* Economic history of Thailand
* Military history of Thailand
* Japanese Invasion of Thailand
* United States Air Force in Thailand

## Culture of Thailand

Students giving alms to the Buddhist monks

Culture of Thailand

* Architecture of Thailand
* Tallest buildings in Thailand
* Thai stilt house
* Cuisine of Thailand
* Diving in Thailand
* Diving sites in Ko Tao
* Etiquette in Thailand
* Festivals in Thailand
* Languages of Thailand
* Thai alphabet
* Media in Thailand
* Museums in Thailand
* National symbols of Thailand
* Coat of arms of Thailand
* Flag of Thailand
* National anthem of Thailand
* People of Thailand
* Ethnic groups in Thailand
* Indians in Thailand
* Thai names
* Prostitution in Thailand
* Public holidays in Thailand
* Women in Thailand
* World Heritage Sites in Thailand

### Art in Thailand

A Khene player wearing sarong and pakhaoma at the Ubol Candle Festival

* Art in Thailand
* Thai temple art and architecture
* Buddha images in Thailand
* Thai Buddha
* Cinema of Thailand
* List of cinemas in Thailand
* List of films shot in Thailand
* Dance of Thailand
* Literature of Thailand
* Music of Thailand
* Traditional Thai musical instruments
* Television in Thailand
* Theatre in Thailand
* List of theatres in Bangkok
* Video gaming in Thailand

### Religion in Thailand

Religion in Thailand

* Buddhism in Thailand
* Dhammayuttika Nikaya
* Maha Nikaya
* List of Buddhist temples in Thailand
* Sangha Supreme Council
* Supreme Patriarch of Thailand
* Christianity in Thailand
* Protestantism in Thailand
* Hinduism in Thailand
* Islam in Thailand
* Sikhism in Thailand

### Sports in Thailand

Sport in Thailand

* Badminton in Thailand
* Thailand Open
* Baseball in Thailand
* Boxing in Thailand
* Cricket in Thailand
* Thailand national cricket team
* Thailand national women's cricket team
* Cycling in Thailand
* Football in Thailand
* Football Association of Thailand
* List of football clubs in Thailand
* Thai football league system
* Thailand national football team
* Golf in Thailand
* Ice hockey in Thailand
* Muay Thai
* Rugby union in Thailand
* Thailand women's national rugby union team
* Thailand at the Olympics
* Volleyball in Thailand

## Economy and infrastructure of Thailand

Rice plantations in the rural areas of Chiang Mai Tuk-tuks are a major form of public transport in Bangkok and other cities in Thailand. Motorcycles make up 75% of the vehicles in Thailand

Economy of Thailand

* Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 33rd (thirty-third)
* Economic consequences of the 2006 Thai coup d'état
* Agriculture in Thailand
* Banking in Thailand
* National Bank of Thailand
* List of banks in Thailand
* Communications in Thailand
* Internet in Thailand
* Internet censorship in Thailand
* Telephone numbers in Thailand
* Companies of Thailand
* Currency of Thailand: Baht
* ISO 4217: THB
* Economic history of Thailand
* Energy in Thailand
* Energy policy of Thailand
* Energy Industry Liberalization and Privatization (Thailand)
* Mining in Thailand
* Oil industry in Thailand
* Energy Industry Liberalization and Privatization (Thailand)
* Stock Exchange of Thailand
* Thai lottery
* Tourism in Thailand
* 32.6 million international visitors in 2016
* 9th most visited country (2016, World Tourism rankings)[2]
* Transport in Thailand (more pictures)
* Airports in Thailand
* Airports of Thailand
* Rail transport in Thailand
* MRT (Bangkok)
* BTS skytrain
* State Railway of Thailand
* Roads in Thailand
* Thai motorway network
* Sufficiency economy

## Education in Thailand

Students of Assumption College Bangkok

Education in Thailand

* List of schools in Thailand
* List of schools in Bangkok
* List of international schools in Thailand
* List of universities in Thailand
* List of medical schools in Thailand
* Sanam Luang Dhamma Studies

## Health in Thailand

Siriraj Piyamaharajkarun Hospital

Health in Thailand

* Hospitals in Thailand
* List of hospitals in Thailand
* Thai traditional medicine

## See also

Thailand

* List of international rankings
* Member state of the United Nations
* Outline of Asia
* Outline of geography

## References

1. ↑ "Thailand". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 2, 2009. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/thailand/.
2. ↑ (in en) UNWTO Tourism Highlights: 2017 Edition | World Tourism Organization. 2017. doi:10.18111/9789284419029. ISBN 9789284419029.

## External links

* Google Map of Thailand
* Thaigov.go.th Royal Government of Thailand
* Tourism Authority of Thailand Official tourism website
* Thai National Assembly Official Thai Parliament website
* Mfa.go.th Thailand Ministry of Foreign Affairs
* Thailand Internet Information National Electronics and Computer Technology Center
* CIA - The World Factbook - Thailand
* Birdwatching in Thailand
* Learn Thai Culture.com
* Thailand Country Fact Sheet from the Common Language Project
* Search Thailand
* THAILEX Travel Encyclopedia
* Longdo Map Thailand On-line Thailand map
* Thailand.org Travel Guide

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