Timeline of sovereign states in Europe

Short description: None

This timeline lists sovereign states in Europe, both current and defunct, since the 11th century.

Current Sovereign States / Decades  | before  | 1000  | 1010  | 1020  | 1030  | 1040  | 1050  | 1060  | 1070  | 1080  | 1090  | 1100  | 1110  | 1120  | 1130  | 1140  | 1150  | 1160  | 1170  | 1180  | 1190  | 1200  | 1210  | 1220  | 1230  | 1240  | 1250  | 1260  | 1270  | 1280  | 1290  | 1300  | 1310  | 1320  | 1330  | 1340  | 1350  | 1360  | 1370  | 1380  | 1390  | 1400  | 1410  | 1420  | 1430  | 1440  | 1450  | 1460  | 1470  | 1480  | 1490  | 1500  | 1510  | 1520  | 1530  | 1540  | 1550  | 1560  | 1570  | 1580  | 1590  | 1600  | 1610  | 1620  | 1630  | 1640  | 1650  | 1660  | 1670  | 1680  | 1690  | 1700  | 1710  | 1720  | 1730  | 1740  | 1750  | 1760  | 1770  | 1780  | 1790  | 1800  | 1810  | 1820  | 1830  | 1840  | 1850  | 1860  | 1870  | 1880  | 1890  | 1900  | 1910  | 1920  | 1930  | 1940  | 1950  | 1960  | 1970  | 1980  | 1990  | 2000  | 2010  | Decades / Current Sovereign States

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United Kingdom |  927
Kingdom of England |  1016
Kingdom of England (Danelaw)  |  1042
Kingdom of England |  1649
Commonwealth of England |  1653
Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland |  1659
Commonwealth of England |  1660
Kingdom of England |  1707
Kingdom of Great Britain |  1801
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |  1922
United Kingdom |
United Kingdom
843
Kingdom of Scotland |  1659
Kingdom of Scotland
Gaelic Ireland  |  1171
Lordship of Ireland  |  1541
Kingdom of Ireland |  1659
Kingdom of Ireland

Ireland  |  1922
Ireland  |
Ireland

Portugal  |  910
Kingdom of León |  1139
Kingdom of Portugal |  1580
United to Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg)  |  1640
Kingdom of Portugal |  1910
Portuguese Republic  |
Portugal

Spain |  910
Kingdom of León |  1230
Crown of Castile |  1479
Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) |  1492
Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) |  1516
Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg)  |  1620
Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg)  |  1716
Spain |
Spain
County of Castile  |  1035
Kingdom of Castile
756
Caliphate of Córdoba  | 1031
Taifas  |  1040
Almoravid Dynasty |  1121
Almohad Dynasty  |  1228
Emirate of Granada
824
Kingdom of Navarre |  1035
Kingdom of Navarre
1035
Kingdom of Aragon |  1137
Crown of Aragon |  1479
Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) |  1516
Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg)
801
County of Barcelona  |  |  1641-1653
Principality of Catalonia, united to the Kingdom of France |

Andorra | 795
Les Valls (Diocese of Urgell)  | 1278
Les Valls  | 1396
Les Valls (Crown of Aragon)  | 1398
Lordship of Les Valls  | 1516
Lordship of Les Valls (Kingdom of Spain)  |  1607
Principality of Andorra |  1812
French Empire |  1814
Principality of Andorra |  1933
French Republic |  1940
Principality of Andorra |
Andorra

Malta  | 870
Aghlabids  |  1091
County of Sicily |  1130
Kingdom of Sicily |  1194
County of Malta (Swabians)  |  1266
Kingdom of Sicily |  1283
Crown of Aragon |  1479
Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) |  1516
Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg)  |  1530
Knights of St. John of Jerusalem  |  1798
French Republic  |  1800
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |  1922
United Kingdom |  1964
Republic of Malta  |
Malta

San Marino  |  301
Most Serene Republic of San Marino  |
San Marino

Vatican City |  752
Papal States  |  1870
States of the Church  |  1929
Vatican City |
Vatican City

Italy  | 705
Saracens, Giudicati  | 1185
Giudicati (Holy Roman Empire, Crown of Aragon)  |  1323
Crown of Aragon |  1479
Catholic Monarchy (Castile and Aragon) |  1504
Crown of Aragon |  1516
Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg)  |  1714
Kingdom of Spain (Habsburg)  |  1716
Spain |  1720
Kingdom of Sardinia |  1861
Kingdom of Italy  |  1946
Italian Republic  |
Italy
965
Emirate of Sicily (Fatimid Caliphate)  |  1071
County of Sicily |  1130
Kingdom of Sicily |  1137
Kingdom of Sicily |  1155
Kingdom of Sicily |  1282
Kingdom of Sicily |  1720
Kingdom of Sicily (Holy Roman Empire)  |  1735
Kingdom of Sicily (Spain )  |  1816
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
851
Principality of Salerno  | 1042
Duchy of Apulia and Calabria  |  1282
Kingdom of Naples |  1714
Kingdom of Naples (Holy Roman Empire)  |  1735
Kingdom of Naples (Spain )  |  1799
Neapolitan Republic (French Republic)
25px|border 1799
Kingdom of Naples (Spain )  |  1806
Kingdom of Naples (French Empire) |  1815
Kingdom of Naples (Spain )
571
Duchy of Benevento
839
Principality of Capua  | 1027
Duchy of Naples
1027
Principality of Capua
1000
Republic of Venice |  1797
Cisalpine Republic (French Republic)  |  1802
Italian Republic (French Republic)  |  1805
Kingdom of Italy (French Empire) |  1815
Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia (Austrian Empire)
752
Papal States  |  1796
Cispadane Republic (French Republic)  |  1814
Duchy of Modena and Reggio  |  1859
United Provinces of Central Italy (Sardinia)
962
Holy Roman Empire | 1032
Holy Roman Empire |  1378
Holy Roman Empire |  1796
Transpadane Republic (French Republic)  |  1815
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1796
Holy Roman Empire |  1804
French Empire |  1810
French Empire |  1814
Duchy of Parma

France | 933
Kingdom of Burgundy  |  1378
Kingdom of France  |  1492
Kingdom of France  |  1791
Kingdom of the French  |  1792
French Republic  |  1794
French Republic  |  1814
Kingdom of France  |  1830
Kingdom of the French  |  1848
French Republic |  1852
French Empire  |  1870
French Republic |  1940
French State (Nazi Germany)  |  1944
French Republic  |  1946
French Republic  |  1958
France |
France
843
Kingdom of France

Belgium  | 962
Holy Roman Empire |  1291
Holy Roman Empire |  1579
Spanish Netherlands (Habsburg)  |  1713
Austrian Netherlands (Habsburg)  |  1790
United States of Belgium
1790
Austrian Netherlands (Austria)  |  1815
United Kingdom of the Netherlands |  1830
Kingdom of Belgium  |  1940
Kingdom of Belgium (Nazi Germany)  |  1944
Kingdom of Belgium  |
Belgium

Luxembourg  |  1790
Austrian Netherlands (Habsburg)  |  1830
Netherlands  |  1839
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg  |  1940
Luxembourg (Nazi Germany)  |  1942
Nazi Germany |  1944
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg  |
Luxembourg

Netherlands  |  1579
Holy Roman Empire |  1581
Dutch Republic |  1795
Batavian Republic |  1806
Kingdom of Holland |  1839
Netherlands  |  1940
Netherlands (Nazi Germany)  |  1945
Netherlands  |
Netherlands

Switzerland |  1291
Swiss Confederacy |  1798
Helvetic Republic |  1802
Swiss Confederation |  1815
Swiss Confederation  |  1848
Switzerland |
Switzerland

Liechtenstein |  1291
Holy Roman Empire |  1701
Kingdom of Prussia (Holy Roman Empire)  |  1772
Kingdom of Prussia (Holy Roman Empire)  |  1806
Liechtenstein |  1815
German Confederation  |  1866
Liechtenstein |
Liechtenstein

Germany | 1806
Confederation of the Rhine (French Empire) |  1866
North German Confederation |  1871
German Empire |  1919
Weimar Republic  |  1933
Nazi Germany |  1938
Nazi Germany |  1945
German Realm  |  1949
West Germany  |  1990
Germany |
Germany
1949
East Germany

Poland | 960
Civitas Schinesghe  |  1025
Kingdom of Poland  |  1385
Kingdom of Poland  |  1569
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |  1807
Duchy of Warsaw (French Empire) |  1918
Republic of Poland |  1944
People's Republic of Poland  |  1990
Poland |
Poland

Austria  | 962
Holy Roman Empire |  1278
Habsburg Austria  |  1526
Habsburg Austria  |  1804
Austrian Empire |  1867
Austria-Hungary |  1918
German Austria
1919
Federal State of Austria  |  1945
Allied-occupied Austria  |  1955
Republic of Austria  |
Austria

Czech Republic |  1278
Holy Roman Empire |  1918
Czechoslovak Republic  |  1945
Czechoslovak Republic  |  1960
Czechoslovak Socialist Republic  |  1990
Czech and Slovak Federal Republic  |  1992
Czech Republic |
Czech Republic

Slovakia  |  1939
Slovak State  |  1992
Slovakia  |
Slovakia

Hungary  |  895
Principality of Hungary |  1000
Kingdom of Hungary |  1301
Kingdom of Hungary |  1526
Kingdom of Hungary |  1918
Hungarian People's Republic
25px|border 1919
Hungarian Soviet Republic
25px|border 1919
Hungarian Republic |  1920
Kingdom of Hungary  |  1946
Hungarian Republic |  1949
Hungarian People's Republic  |  1989
Hungarian Republic  |
Hungary
1526
Eastern Hungarian Kingdom  |  1570
Principality of Transylvania |  1711
Grand Principality of Transylvania

Slovenia  | 962
Holy Roman Empire |  1804
Austrian Empire |  1918
Kingdom of Yugoslavia  |  1943
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia  |  1991
Republic of Slovenia  |
Slovenia

Croatia  |  925
Kingdom of Croatia  |  1102
Kingdom of Croatia (Hungary) |  1527
Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)  |  1991
Republic of Croatia  |
Croatia

Bosnia and Herzegovina  | Banate of Bosnia (Bulgaria) | 1019
Banate of Bosnia (Byzantine Empire)  |  1082
Kingdom of Duklja  | 1102
Banate of Bosnia (Hungary) | 1166
Banate of Bosnia (Byzantine Empire)  | 1377
Kingdom of Bosnia |  1463
Ottoman Empire |  1540
Ottoman Empire |  1817
Ottoman Empire |  1878
Austria-Hungary |  1991
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia  |  1992
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina  |  1997
Bosnia and Herzegovina  |
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia  | Serb State  |  1018
Byzantine Empire |  1077
Kingdom of Duklja  |  1102
Kingdom of Duklja  |  1219
Kingdom of Serbia |  1341
Kingdom of Serbia | 1346
Serbian Empire  |  1371
Moravian Serbia  | 1402
Serbian Despotate  |  1817
Principality of Serbia  |  1882
Kingdom of Serbia |  1992
Serbia and Montenegro |  2006
Republic of Serbia  |
Serbia

Montenegro  |  1341
Principality of Zeta  |  1496
Ottoman Empire |  1817
Ottoman Empire |  1821
Ottoman Empire |  1852
Principality of Montenegro  |  1910
Kingdom of Montenegro |  2006
Montenegro  |
Montenegro

North Macedonia  | 680
First Bulgarian Empire |  1077
Byzantine Empire |  1185
Byzantine Empire |  1257
Second Bulgarian Empire |  1277
Byzantine Empire |  1282
Kingdom of Serbia | 1346
Serbian Empire  |  1392
Ottoman Empire |  1396
Ottoman Empire |  1479
Ottoman Empire |  1852
Ottoman Empire |  1878
Ottoman Empire |  1912
Kingdom of Serbia |  1991
Republic of Macedonia  |  2019
North Macedonia  |
North Macedonia

Bulgaria  |  1185
Second Bulgarian Empire |  1277
Second Bulgarian Empire |  1878
Principality of Bulgaria  |  1908
Kingdom of Bulgaria |  1946
People's Republic of Bulgaria  |  1990
Republic of Bulgaria  |
Bulgaria

Albania  |  1185
Byzantine Empire  | 1190
Principality of Arbër  | 1255
Despotate of Epirus  |  1261
Byzantine Empire  |  1272
Kingdom of Albania (Sicily) |  1368
Princedom of Albania  |  1444
League of Lezhë |  1878
Ottoman Empire |  1912
Provisional Government of Albania  |  1914
Principality of Albania  |  1925
Albanian Republic  |  1928
Albanian Kingdom  |  1939
Albanian Kingdom (Italy)  |  1943
Albanian Kingdom (Germany) |  1946
Socialist People's Republic of Albania  |  1991
Republic of Albania  |
Albania
1190
Byzantine Empire  | 1204
Despotate of Epirus  |  1272
Byzantine Empire  |  1453
Byzantine Empire  |  1914
Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus

Greece  |  330
Byzantine Empire |  1204
Latin Empire  |  1453
Ottoman Empire |  1821
Eastern Continental Greece  |  1822
Hellenic Republic  |  1832
Kingdom of Greece |  1924
Hellenic Republic  |  1935
Kingdom of Greece |  1941
Hellenic State (Germany and Italy)  |  1944
Kingdom of Greece |  1974
Hellenic Republic  |
Greece

Turkey | 1077
Sultanate of Rûm  |  1299
Ottoman Empire |  1821
Ottoman Empire |  1923
Republic of Turkey |
Turkey

Romania  | Dacia  | 168 BC
Dacia  | 1241
Golden Horde (Mongol Empire)  |  1317
Principality of Wallachia  |  1417
Principality of Wallachia (Ottoman Empire))  |  1859
United Principalities  |  1881
Kingdom of Romania |  1918
Kingdom of Romania |  1940
Kingdom of Romania |  1941
Kingdom of Romania |  1944
Kingdom of Romania |  1947
Socialist Republic of Romania  |  1989
Romania  |
Romania
1317
Golden Horde (Mongol Empire)  |  1346
Principality of Moldavia |  1538
Principality of Moldavia (Ottoman Empire)  |  1812
Principality of Moldavia (Ottoman Empire)

Moldova  |  1812
Russian Empire |  1914
Russian Empire |  1917
Moldavian Democratic Republic  |  1940
Soviet Union |  1944
Soviet Union |  1991
Moldova  |
Moldova

Ukraine |  880
Kievan Rus' |  1001
Kievan Rus' |  1162
Kievan Rus' | 1175
Principality of Pereyaslavl  | 1346
Golden Horde (Mongol Empire)  |  1441
Crimean Khanate  |  1478
Crimean Khanate (Ottoman Empire)  |  1772
Russian Empire |  1795
Russian Empire |  1917
Ukrainian People's Republic  |  1920
Soviet Ukraine  |  1922
Soviet Union |  1939
Soviet Union |  1941
Nazi Germany |  1990
Ukraine |
Ukraine
1175
Kievan Rus' |  1199
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia  | 1349
Grand Duchy of Lithuania | 1404
Grand Duchy of Lithuania |  1569
Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania |  1917
West Ukrainian People's Republic  |  1920
Republic of Poland

Belarus | 1162
Principality of Turov and Pinsk  | 1223
Principality of Turov and Pinsk (Galicia–Volhynia)  | 1263
Kingdom of Belarus  |  1917
Belarusian People’s Republic  |  1990
Belarus |
Belarus
1920
Soviet Byelorussia  |  1922
Soviet Union
1001
Principality of Polotsk

Russia |  1001
Kievan Rus' | 1010
Principality of Smolensk  |  1917
Russian Republic
1917
Soviet Russia  |  1941
Soviet Union |  1991
Russia |
Russia
1010
Kievan Rus' | 1024
Principality of Chernigov  | 1097
Principality of Chernigov  | 1401
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1097
Principality of Novgorod-Seversk
1097
Principality of Murom-Ryazan  | 1237
Mongol Empire  | 1238
Mongol Empire  | 1240
Golden Horde (Mongol Empire)  | 1283
Golden Horde (Mongol Empire)  | 1520
Grand Duchy of Moscow  |  1547
Tsardom of Russia |  1721
Russian Empire
1024
Kievan Rus' | 1093
Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal  | 1283
Grand Duchy of Moscow (Mongol Empire)  | 1478
Grand Duchy of Moscow (Mongol Empire)  | 1480
Grand Duchy of Moscow
1093
Kievan Rus' | 1136
Novgorod Republic

Lithuania  | Baltic People  | 1009
Lithuanians  | 1251
Kingdom of Lithuania | 1263
Grand Duchy of Lithuania |  1569
Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania |  1914
Ober Ost (German Empire)  |  1918
Republic of Lithuania  |  1941
Nazi Germany |  1990
Republic of Lithuania  |
Lithuania

Latvia  | Baltic People  |  1180
Principality of Koknese  |  1207
Livonia  |  1219
Livonia  |  1224
Teutonic Order |  1346
Teutonic Order |  1525
Livonia  |  1559
Livonia  |  1561
Livonia  |  1562
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (Lithuania) |  1569
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (Poland and Lithuania) |  1791
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia  |  1918
Republic of Latvia  |  1990
Republic of Latvia  |
Latvia
1561
Duchy of Livonia (Lithuania) |  1569
Duchy of Livonia (Poland and Lithuania) |  1629
Swedish Livonia (Swedish Empire)  |  1721
Russian Empire |  1741
Russian Empire

Estonia  | Ancient Estonians |  1561
Duchy of Estonia (Swedish Empire)  |  1645
Duchy of Estonia (Swedish Empire)  |  1918
Republic of Estonia  |  1990
Republic of Estonia  |
Estonia
1219
Duchy of Estonia (Kingdom of Denmark)  |  1559
Duchy of Estonia (Kingdom of Denmark)

Finland | Ancient Finns  | 1249
Kingdom of Sweden  |  1397
Kalmar Union | 1523
Kingdom of Sweden  |  1611
Kingdom of Sweden  |  1718
Kingdom of Sweden  |  1809
Grand Duchy of Finland (Russian Empire)  |  1917
Finland |
Finland

Sweden  | 1000
Kingdom of Sweden  |  1809  |  1814
United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway |  1905
Kingdom of Sweden  |
Sweden

Norway | 1035
Norway | 1262
Norway |  1523
Kalmar Union |  1536
Denmark–Norway |  1905
Norway |  1940
Kingdom of Norway (Nazi Germany)  |  1945
Norway |
Norway

Iceland  |  930
Icelandic Commonwealth |  1814
Denmark |  1918
Kingdom of Iceland (Kingdom of Denmark)  |  1941
Iceland (Great Britain)  |  1944
Iceland  |
Iceland

Denmark | 980
Kingdom of Denmark  |  1918
Denmark |  1941
Denmark (Nazi Germany)  |  1945
Denmark |
Denmark
Current Sovereign States / Decades  | before  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1000  | 1010  | 1020  | 1030  | 1040  | 1050  | 1060  | 1070  | 1080  | 1090  | 1100  | 1110  | 1120  | 1130  | 1140  | 1150  | 1160  | 1170  | 1180  | 1190  | 1200  | 1210  | 1220  | 1230  | 1240  | 1250  | 1260  | 1270  | 1280  | 1290  | 1300  | 1310  | 1320  | 1330  | 1340  | 1350  | 1360  | 1370  | 1380  | 1390  | 1400  | 1410  | 1420  | 1430  | 1440  | 1450  | 1460  | 1470  | 1480  | 1490  | 1500  | 1510  | 1520  | 1530  | 1540  | 1550  | 1560  | 1570  | 1580  | 1590  | 1600  | 1610  | 1620  | 1630  | 1640  | 1650  | 1660  | 1670  | 1680  | 1690  | 1700  | 1710  | 1720  | 1730  | 1740  | 1750  | 1760  | 1770  | 1780  | 1790  | 1800  | 1810  | 1820  | 1830  | 1840  | 1850  | 1860  | 1870  | 1880  | 1890  | 1900  | 1910  | 1920  | 1930  | 1940  | 1950  | 1960  | 1970  | 1980  | 1990  | 2000  | 2010  | Decades / Current Sovereign States
Empires are highlighted by color:

30px|border  | Habsburg Spain, Spanish Empire, Spain
30px|border  | Kingdom of France, French Empire, France
30px|border  | Dutch Republic, Dutch Empire, Batavian Republic, Kingdom of Holland, United Kingdom of the Netherlands, Netherlands
30px|border 30px|border 30px|border 30px|border 30px|border 30px|border 30px|border  | Holy Roman Empire, German Confederation, North German Confederation, German Empire, Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, Germany
30px|border 30px|border  | Habsburg Austria, Austrian Empire, Austria-Hungary, Austria
| Byzantine Empire
| Ottoman Empire, Turkey
| Mongol Empire
| First Bulgarian Empire, Second Bulgarian Empire, Bulgaria
30px|border  | Grand Duchy of Moscow, Tsardom of Russia, Russian Empire, Soviet Union, Russia
30px|border  | Kingdom of Lithuania, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Lithuania
30px|border  | Kingdom of Sweden, Swedish Empire, United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, Sweden
| Kingdom of Denmark, Kalmar Union, Denmark-Norway, Denmark
| Kingdom of Norway (872–1397), Norway
30px|border 30px|border 30px|border  | Kingdom of England, Commonwealth of England, The Protectorate, Kingdom of Great Britain, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom
| Kingdom of Italy, Italian Empire, Albanian Kingdom, Italian Islands of the Aegean, Italy

## See also

* List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe
* List of sovereign states by date of formation
* List of predecessors of sovereign states in Europe
* Timeline of sovereign states in North America
* Timeline of sovereign states in Oceania

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