Quantum bus

Short description: Device to store or transfer information in quantum computing

A quantum bus is a device which can be used to store or transfer information between independent qubits in a quantum computer, or combine two qubits into a superposition. It is the quantum analog of a classical bus.

There are several physical systems that can be used to realize a quantum bus, including trapped ions, photons, and superconducting qubits. Trapped ions, for example, can use the quantized motion of ions (phonons) as a quantum bus, while photons can act as a carrier of quantum information by utilizing the increased interaction strength provided by cavity quantum electrodynamics. Circuit quantum electrodynamics, which uses superconducting qubits coupled to a microwave cavity on a chip, is another example of a quantum bus that has been successfully demonstrated in experiments.[1]

## History

The concept was first demonstrated by researchers at Yale University and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2007.[1][2][3] Prior to this experimental demonstration, the quantum bus had been described by scientists at NIST as one of the possible cornerstone building blocks in quantum computing architectures.[4][5]

## Mathematical description

A quantum bus for superconducting qubits can be built with a resonance cavity. The hamiltonian for a system with qubit A, qubit B, and the resonance cavity or quantum bus connecting the two is H^=H^r+∑j=A,BH^j+∑j=A,Bhgi(a^†σ^−j+a^σ^+j) where H^j=12ℏωjσ^+jσ^−j is the single qubit hamiltonian, σ^+jσ^−j is the raising or lowering operator for creating or destroying excitations in the jth qubit, and ℏωj is controlled by the amplitude of the D.C. and radio frequency flux bias.[6]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 J. Majer; J. M. Chow; J. M. Gambetta; Jens Koch; B. R. Johnson; J. A. Schreier; L. Frunzio; D. I. Schuster et al. (2007-09-27). "Coupling superconducting qubits via a cavity bus". Nature 449 (7161): 443–447. doi:10.1038/nature06184. PMID 17898763. Bibcode: 2007Natur.449..443M.
2. ↑ M. A. Sillanpää; J. I. Park; R. W. Simmonds (2007-09-27). "Coherent quantum state storage and transfer between two phase qubits via a resonant cavity". Nature 449 (7161): 438–42. doi:10.1038/nature06124. PMID 17898762. Bibcode: 2007Natur.449..438S.
3. ↑ "All Aboard the Quantum 'Bus'". 2007-09-27. https://www.photonics.com/Article.aspx?AID=30972.
4. ↑ G.K. Brennen; D. Song; C.J. Williams (2003). "Quantum-computer architecture using nonlocal interactions". Physical Review A 67 (5). doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.67.050302. Bibcode: 2003PhRvA..67e0302B.
5. ↑ Brooks, Michael (2012-12-06) (in en). Quantum Computing and Communications. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4471-0839-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=RQXpBwAAQBAJ&dq=Quantum+bus+building+blocks&pg=PA28.
6. ↑ Sillanpää, Mika A.; Park, Jae I.; Simmonds, Raymond W. (2007). "Coherent quantum state storage and transfer between two phase qubits via a resonant cavity". Nature 449 (7161): 438–442. doi:10.1038/nature06124. PMID 17898762. Bibcode: 2007Natur.449..438S.

* v
* t
* e

Quantum mechanics

Background|

* Introduction
* History
* timeline
* Glossary
* Classical mechanics
* Old quantum theory

Fundamentals|

* Bra–ket notation
* Casimir effect
* Complementarity
* Density matrix
* Energy level
* ground state
* excited state
* degenerate levels
* Vacuum state
* Zero-point energy
* QED vacuum
* QCD vacuum
* Hamiltonian
* Operator
* Quantum coherence
* Quantum decoherence
* Measurement
* Quantum
* Quantum realm
* Quantum system
* Quantum state
* Quantum number
* Quantum entanglement
* Quantum superposition
* Quantum nonlocality
* Quantum tunnelling
* Quantum levitation
* Quantum fluctuation
* Quantum annealing
* Quantum foam
* Quantum noise
* Heisenberg uncertainty principle
* Spontaneous parametric down-conversion
* Von Neumann entropy
* Spin
* Scattering theory
* Symmetry in quantum mechanics
* Symmetry breaking
* Spontaneous symmetry breaking
* Wave propagation
* Quantum interference
* Wave function
* Wave function collapse
* Wave–particle duality
* Matter wave
* Qubit
* Qutrit
* Observable
* Probability distribution

Formulations|

* Formulations
* Heisenberg
* Interaction
* Matrix mechanics
* Schrödinger
* Path integral formulation
* Phase space

Equations|

* Dirac
* Klein–Gordon
* Pauli
* Rydberg
* Schrödinger

Interpretations|

* Interpretations
* Bayesian
* Consistent histories
* Copenhagen
* de Broglie–Bohm
* Ensemble
* Hidden variables
* Many worlds
* Objective collapse
* Quantum logic
* Relational
* Stochastic
* Transactional
* Cosmological

Experiments|

* Afshar
* Bell's inequality
* Cold Atom Laboratory
* Davisson–Germer
* Delayed-choice quantum eraser
* Double-slit
* Franck–Hertz experiment
* Leggett–Garg inequality
* Mach-Zehnder inter.
* Elitzur–Vaidman
* Popper
* Quantum eraser
* Schrödinger's cat
* Quantum suicide and immortality
* Stern–Gerlach
* Wheeler's delayed choice

Science|

* Q-analog
* List
* Quantum algebra
* Quantum calculus
* Quantum differential calculus
* Quantum geometry
* Quantum group
* Quantum Bayesianism
* Quantum biology
* Quantum chemistry
* Quantum chaos
* Quantum cognition
* Quantum cosmology
* Quantum dynamics
* Quantum economics
* Quantum evolution
* Quantum finance
* Quantum game theory
* Quantum measurement problem
* Quantum mind
* Quantum probability
* Quantum social science
* Quantum stochastic calculus
* Quantum spacetime

Technology|

* Quantum algorithms
* Quantum amplifier
* Quantum cellular automata
* Quantum finite automata
* Quantum electronics
* Quantum logic gates
* Quantum clock
* Quantum channel
* Quantum bus
* Quantum circuit
* Phase qubit
* Matrix isolation
* Quantum dot
* Quantum dot display
* Quantum dot solar cell
* Quantum dot cellular automaton
* Quantum dot single-photon source
* Quantum dot laser
* Quantum well
* Quantum computing
* Timeline
* Quantum cryptography
* Post-quantum cryptography
* Quantum error correction
* Quantum imaging
* Quantum image processing
* Quantum information
* Quantum key distribution
* Quantum machine
* Quantum machine learning
* Quantum metamaterial
* Quantum metrology
* Quantum network
* Quantum neural network
* Quantum optics
* Quantum programming
* Quantum sensors
* Quantum simulator
* Quantum teleportation
* Quantum levitation
* Time travel
* Quantum complexity theory

Extensions|

* Quantum statistical mechanics
* Relativistic quantum mechanics
* Quantum field theory
* Axiomatic quantum field theory
* Quantum field theory in curved spacetime
* Thermal quantum field theory
* Topological quantum field theory
* Local quantum field theory
* Conformal field theory
* Two-dimensional conformal field theory
* Liouville field theory
* History
* Quantum gravity

* Category
* Physics Portal
* Physics WikiProject
* Commons

* v
* t
* e

Emerging technologies

Fields|

| Agriculture|

* Agricultural robot
* Cellular agriculture
* Closed ecological systems
* Cultured meat
* Genetically modified food
* Precision agriculture
* Vertical farming

|

Architecture|

* Arcology
* Building printing
* Contour crafting
* Domed city

Biomedical|

* Artificial uterus
* Ampakine
* Brain transplant
* Cryonics
* Cryoprotectant
* Cryopreservation
* Vitrification
* Suspended animation
* De-extinction
* Genetic engineering
* Gene therapy
* Head transplant
* Isolated brain
* Life extension
* Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence
* Nanomedicine
* Nanosensors
* Organ printing
* Personalized medicine
* Regenerative medicine
* Stem-cell therapy
* Tissue engineering
* Robot-assisted surgery
* Synthetic biology
* Synthetic genomics
* Virotherapy
* Oncolytic virus
* Tricorder
* Whole genome sequencing

Displays|

| Next generation|

* FED
* FLCD
* iMoD
* Laser
* LPD
* OLED
* OLET
* QD-LED
* SED
* TPD
* TDEL
* TMOS
* MicroLED

|

Screenless|

* Bionic contact lens
* Head-mounted display
* Head-up display
* Optical head-mounted display
* Virtual retinal display

Other|

* Autostereoscopy
* Flexible display
* Holographic display
* Computer-generated holography
* Multi-primary color display
* Ultra HD
* Volumetric display

Electronics|

* Electronic nose
* E-textiles
* Flexible electronics
* Molecular electronics
* Nanoelectromechanical systems
* Memristor
* Spintronics
* Thermal copper pillar bump
* Twistronics

Energy|

| Production|

* Airborne wind turbine
* Artificial photosynthesis
* Biofuels
* Carbon-neutral fuel
* Concentrated solar power
* Fusion power
* Home fuel cell
* Hydrogen economy
* Methanol economy
* Molten salt reactor
* Nantenna
* Photovoltaic pavement
* Space-based solar power
* Vortex engine

|

Storage|

* Beltway battery
* Compressed air energy storage
* Flywheel energy storage
* Grid energy storage
* Lithium–air battery
* Molten-salt battery
* Nanowire battery
* Research in lithium-ion batteries
* Silicon–air battery
* Thermal energy storage
* Ultracapacitor

Other|

* Smart grid
* Wireless power

Information and
communications

* Ambient intelligence
* Internet of things
* Artificial intelligence
* Applications of artificial intelligence
* Progress in artificial intelligence
* Machine translation
* Mobile translation
* Machine vision
* Semantic Web
* Speech recognition
* Atomtronics
* Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor
* Cybermethodology
* Fourth-generation optical discs
* 3D optical data storage
* Holographic data storage
* GPGPU
* Memory
* CBRAM
* FRAM
* Millipede
* MRAM
* NRAM
* PRAM
* Racetrack memory
* RRAM
* SONOS
* Optical computing
* RFID
* Chipless RFID
* Software-defined radio
* Three-dimensional integrated circuit

Manufacturing|

* 3D printing
* Claytronics
* Molecular assembler
* Utility fog

Materials science|

* Aerogel
* Amorphous metal
* Artificial muscle
* Conductive polymer
* Femtotechnology
* Fullerene
* Graphene
* High-temperature superconductivity
* High-temperature superfluidity
* Linear acetylenic carbon
* Metamaterials
* Metamaterial cloaking
* Metal foam
* Multi-function structures
* Nanotechnology
* Carbon nanotubes
* Molecular nanotechnology
* Nanomaterials
* Picotechnology
* Programmable matter
* Quantum dots
* Silicene
* Superalloy
* Synthetic diamond

Military|

* Antimatter weapon
* Caseless ammunition
* Directed-energy weapon
* Laser
* Maser
* Particle-beam weapon
* Sonic weapon
* Coilgun
* Railgun
* Plasma weapon
* Pure fusion weapon
* Stealth technology
* Vortex ring gun

Neuroscience|

* Artificial brain
* Brain–computer interface
* Electroencephalography
* Mind uploading
* Brain-reading
* Neuroinformatics
* Neuroprosthetics
* Bionic eye
* Brain implant
* Exocortex
* Retinal implant

Quantum|

* Quantum algorithms
* Quantum amplifier
* Quantum bus
* Quantum channel
* Quantum circuit
* Quantum complexity theory
* Quantum computing
* Quantum cryptography
* Quantum dynamics
* Quantum electronics
* Quantum error correction
* Quantum imaging
* Quantum information
* Quantum key distribution
* Quantum logic
* Quantum logic gates
* Quantum machine
* Quantum machine learning
* Quantum metamaterial
* Quantum metrology
* Quantum network
* Quantum neural network
* Quantum optics
* Quantum programming
* Quantum sensing
* Quantum simulator
* Quantum teleportation

Robotics|

* Domotics
* Nanorobotics
* Powered exoskeleton
* Self-reconfiguring modular robot
* Swarm robotics
* Uncrewed vehicle

Space science|

| Launch|

* Fusion rocket
* Non-rocket spacelaunch
* Mass driver
* Orbital ring
* Skyhook
* Space elevator
* Space fountain
* Space tether
* Reusable launch system

|

Propulsion|

* Beam-powered propulsion
* Ion thruster
* Laser propulsion
* Plasma propulsion engine
* Helicon thruster
* VASIMR
* Nuclear pulse propulsion
* Solar sail

Other|

* Interstellar travel
* Propellant depot
* Laser communication in space

Transport|

| Aerial|

* Adaptive compliant wing
* Backpack helicopter
* Delivery drone
* Flying car
* High-altitude platform
* Jet pack
* Pulse detonation engine
* Scramjet
* Spaceplane
* Supersonic transport

|

Land|

* Airless tire
* Alternative fuel vehicle
* Hydrogen vehicle
* Driverless car
* Ground effect train
* Hyperloop
* Maglev train
* Personal rapid transit
* Transit Elevated Bus
* Vactrain
* Vehicular communication systems

Pipeline|

* Pneumatic transport
* Automated vacuum collection

Other|

* Anti-gravity
* Cloak of invisibility
* Digital scent technology
* Force field
* Plasma window
* Immersive virtual reality
* Magnetic refrigeration
* Phased-array optics

Topics|

* Collingridge dilemma
* Differential technological development
* Disruptive Innovation
* Ephemeralization
* Exploratory engineering
* Fictional technology
* Proactionary principle
* Technological change
* Technological unemployment
* Technological convergence
* Technological evolution
* Technological paradigm
* Technology forecasting
* Accelerating change
* Moore's law
* Technological singularity
* Technology scouting
* Technology readiness level
* Technology roadmap
* Transhumanism

* Category
* List

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum bus. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Quantum_bus&oldid=4108055"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template