Cross and Crown

Short description: Christian symbol

Cross and Crown Crowned cross USVA Headstone Emblem 47

The Cross and Crown (a cross passing through a crown) is a Christian symbol used by various Christian denominations. It has also been used in heraldry.[1][2] The emblem is often interpreted as symbolizing the reward in heaven (the crown) coming after the trials in this life (the cross) (James 1:12).

## Uses and background

In addition to Roman Catholic and Orthodox Christian uses,[3] the symbol also appears in the seal of the Church of Christ, Scientist, where it is surrounded by the words "Heal the Sick, Cleanse the Lepers, Raise the Dead, Cast Out Demons", from the Gospel of Matthew, 10:8.[4]

The symbol is also associated with Freemasonry, specifically the Knight Templar degree of the York Rite of Freemasonry. The symbol is also known as "Knight Templars Blood-Red Passion Cross and Crown". The cross and crown symbol is often surrounded by the phrase "In Hoc Signo Vinces", which is Latin for "By this sign thou shalt conquer". This is a reference to the story of Constantine, who reportedly had a vision of a Chi Rho symbol, and a voice saying "By this sign thou shalt conquer".[5][6][7]

The symbol was used particularly by the Bible Student movement.[8][9] The symbol was also featured in the early publications and memorabilia of the International Bible Students Association. First appearing on the cover of the January 1881 issue of Zion's Watch Tower,[10] the cross and crown were surrounded by a wreath of laurel leaves, and the symbol was also used on lapel pins, buttons (metal and celluloid) and pendants of various designs. However, not all of its uses by the I.B.S.A. included the wreath of laurel leaves. Although Charles Taze Russell's gravesite is marked by a pyramid memorial erected by the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society[11][12][13] with an illustration of the Cross and Crown symbol, the Watchtower Society later discontinued using the cross and crown some years after, viewing it as a "pagan symbol" – their doctrine for some time since is that Jesus was executed not on a cross but on an upright stake.

The Cross and Crown symbol is also the key emblem of the Royal Black Institution (a sister organisation of the Orange Order), a Protestant fraternity, with structural and symbolic similarities to Freemasonry.[14]

The Cross and Crown symbol was also used by the Rexist Party.[citation needed]

Lutheran composer J.S. Bach's cantata Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen, BWV 12 (1714) contains an aria "Kreuz und Krone sind verbunden, Kampf und Kleinod sind vereint" ("cross and crown are bound together, conflict and jewel are united")[15] which has been connected with Luther's rendering of 1 Corinthians 9:24-25.[16]

## References

1. ↑ "Coat of Arms of George Leo Thomas". Diocese of Helena. http://diocesehelena.org/bishop/coat-of-arms/. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
2. ↑ "Buscaglia Family Crest". http://buscaglia.org/buscaglia_family_crest.php. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
3. ↑ "Cross and Crown" (in en-gb). http://www.seiyaku.com/customs/crosses/crown.html. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
4. ↑ "The History of the Cross and Crown Emblem". 9 March 2012. https://www.marybakereddylibrary.org/research/history-of-the-cross-and-crown-emblem/. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
5. ↑ Gray, Burke. "Fraternalism in America (1860–1920)". Phoenixmasonry, Inc.. http://www.phoenixmasonry.org/masonicmuseum/fraternalism/fraternalism_in_america.htm. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
6. ↑ Day, Jeff. "Masonic Emblem and Logo Collection". http://www.kingsolomonslodge.org/freemasonry/masonic-logo.php. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
7. ↑ "Rituals of Freemasonry Freemasonry Proven To Worship Satan Its Symbols Venerate The Sex Act — Study of Symbols, Part 5 of 5". The Revelation. http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/symbology/5o5.htm. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
8. ↑ "International Bible Students - Official Website - Home Page". http://www.internationalbiblestudents.com/.
9. ↑ Redeker, Charles F. (2006). Pastor C.T. Russell: Messenger of Millennial Hope. Pacific Palisades, CA: Pastoral Bible Institute. pp. 225–226. http://www.internationalbiblestudents.com/docs/MessengerMillenialHope.pdf. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
10. ↑ "Was Pastor Russell a Freemason? et al.". http://www.pastor-russell.com/life/mason2.html. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
11. ↑ "Pictures from Russell's Gravesite". Archived from the original on 6 August 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20100806061109/http://www.watchtowerdocuments.com/downloads/1916_Russell_Grave_Pittsburgh_PA.pdf. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
12. ↑ "Pyramid". Watchtower Society Quotes. http://www.quotes-watchtower.co.uk/pyramid.html. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
13. ↑ "Charles Taze Russell Grave and Pyramid, Rosemont, Mt. Hope, & Evergreen United Cemeteries". 9 June 2015. https://pittsburghcemeteries.wordpress.com/2015/06/09/charles-taze-russell-grave-and-pyramid/. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
14. ↑ "Ulster-Scots & Irish Unionist Resource - ORANGEISM COMPARED WITH FREEMASONRY". https://www.ulster-scots.co.uk/docs/orange/orangeism compared with freemasonry.htm.
15. ↑ Bach Cantatas Vol.24 (Media notes). Gardiner. SDG 107. 2005.`{{cite AV media notes}}`: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
16. ↑ Marissen, Michael (2016). Bach & God. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-060695-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=SGYRDAAAQBAJ&q="Cross+and+crown+are+bound+together"&pg=PT40.

## External links

* The Cross and Crown symbol in cemeteries.

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Christian cross variants

modern
use|

* Anchored/Saint Clement's Cross
* Anuradhapura cross
* Cross of the Archangels
* Archiepiscopal cross
* Armenian Cross
* Arrow/Barby Cross
* Bolnisi cross
* Cross bottony
* Branch cross
* Bulgarian cross
* Byzantine cross
* File:Calvary cross.svg Calvary cross
* Canterbury cross
* Catherine wheel
* Caucasian Albanian Cross
* Celtic cross
* Cercelée
* Cross of Saint Chad
* Coptic cross
* Cross crosslet
* Cross crosslet fitchy
* Crucifix
* Cruciform halo
* Double cross
* Eastern Syriac cross
* Cross of the Evangelists
* Cross fitchy
* Cross fleury
* Cross fleury fitchy
* Saint Florian Cross
* Forked cross
* Cross fourchy
* Fylfot
* Saint George's Cross
* Globus cruciger
* Gnostic cross
* Grapevine/Saint Nino's Cross
* Greek cross
* Greek Orthodox cross
* Huguenot cross
* Saint James/Santiago Cross
* Cross of Jeremiah
* Jerusalem/Crusaders' cross
* Jerusalem cross (variant)
* Kingdom of Jerusalem cross
* File:Coa Illustration Cross of St. John.svg Cross of Saint John
* Latin (Roman) cross
* Macedonian Cross
* Maltese cross
* Marian Cross
* Maronite cross
* Cross moline
* Nordic Cross
* Cross of Novgorod
* Occitan cross
* Papal cross
* Cross patonce
* Saint Patrick's Saltire
* Cross pattée
* Cross pattée fitchée
* Patriarchal cross
* Cross of Saint Peter
* Cross of Saint Philip
* Pommy cross
* Portate cross/Cross of Saint Gilbert
* Cross potent
* Cross quadrate
* Ringed cross
* Russian cross
* Russian (Orthodox) cross
* Cross of Salem
* Saltire/Saint Andrew's Cross
* Serbian cross
* Serbian Orthodox cross
* Saint Thomas Cross
* Tau Cross/Saint Anthony's Cross
* Western Syriac cross

Historical|

* Avellane cross
* Aviz cross
* Brigid's cross
* Carolingian cross
* Consecration crosses
* Coptic cross
* Cross and Crown
* Cuthbert's pectoral cross
* Early Coptic cross
* Engrailed cross
* Cross erminée
* Gammadion
* Crux gemmata
* Saint Julian's cross
* Katanga Cross
* Lazarus' cross
* Lorraine cross
* Cross of Neith
* Nestorian cross
* Cross of Peñalba
* Pierced cross
* Pierced cross quarterly
* Knights Templar cross
* Teutonic Order cross
* Two-barred cross
* Victory Cross
* Voided cross

function|

* Altar cross
* Blessing cross
* Conciliation cross
* Crosses in heraldry
* Nordic
* Pisan
* High cross
* Market cross
* Mercat cross
* Memorial cross
* Mission cross
* Monumental cross
* Necklace
* Pectoral cross
* Plague cross
* Processional cross
* Rood/Triumphal cross
* Summit cross
* Wayside cross

Christograms,
Chrismons|

* Chi Rho
* Christogram
* IX monogram
* Labarum
* Signum manus
* Staurogram/Monogrammatic cross/Tau Rho

See also|

* Ankh
* Armenian eternity sign
* Balkenkreuz
* Ichthys
* Irminsul
* Kolovrat
* Mjölnir
* Rose Cross
* Rota
* Solomon's knot
* File:Indian Swastika.svg Sauwastika
* Scientology cross
* Shamrock
* Shield of the Trinity
* Sunwheel swastika
* Sun cross
* Swastika
* Triskelion/Triskele
* Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross

*   *   * Media related to Category:Christian crosses at Wikimedia Commons

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