Chinese emperors family tree (early)

This is a family tree of Chinese emperors from the foundation of the Qin dynasty in 221 BC (by Qin Shihuangdi), till the end of the Sixteen Kingdoms period, in the first half of the fifth century AD. Chinese emperors family tree (ancient) → Chinese emperors family tree (early) → Chinese emperors family tree (middle) → Chinese emperors family tree (late)

## Contents

* 1 Qin dynasty
* 2 Han dynasty, Xin dynasty and Shu Han
* 3 Cao Wei
* 4 Eastern Wu
* 5 Jin dynasty and Chu
* 6 Sixteen Kingdoms
* 6.1 Cheng Han
* 6.2 (Han) Former Zhao
* 6.3 Yan states and Tuyuhun
* 6.4 Later Zhao
* 6.5 Former Liang
* 6.6 Later Liang
* 6.7 Northern Liang
* 6.8 Western Liang
* 6.9 Former Qin
* 6.10 Later Qin
* 6.11 Western Qin
* 6.12 Southern Liang
* 6.13 Xia
* 7 Other states in Sixteen Kingdoms
* 7.1 Dai
* 7.2 Zhai Wei
* 8 Notes and references

## Qin dynasty

The Qin dynasty (秦朝) was established in 221 BCE after Qin Shi Huang, King of Qin, conquered his final independent neighbour, the state of Qi. It is now recognised as the first Chinese imperial dynasty in the modern sense of the term; in recognition of this, its rulers were for the first time titled "Emperor" (皇帝), a title of which the components are drawn from legend, higher than the previous title "King" (王). The ancestral name of the family was Ying (嬴), although it is anachronistic to regard this as a family name in the modern sense: it would not have been used together with a given name. The titles of the Qin emperors were literally regnal numbers: "Qin Shi Huang" (秦始皇), in full "Qin Shi Huangdi" (秦始皇帝) means literally "the first Emperor of Qin", "Qin Er Shi" (秦二世), in full "Qin Er Shi Huangdi" (秦二世皇帝) means "the second Emperor of Qin", and so forth.

Qin Dynasty

| | | | | See: family tree of
the Kings of Qin

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| | | | Zheng 政 259–210 BC
King of Qin 秦王 247–221 BC

Qin Shi Huang 秦始皇
221–210 BC
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1| | | | | | 18 or 25 (disputed)
Fusu 扶蘇
d. 210 BC| | | | | | Huhai 胡亥 229–207 BC
Qin Er Shi 秦二世
210–207 BC
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Ziying 子嬰 d. 206 BC
Qin San Shi 秦三世
207 BC

## Han dynasty, Xin dynasty and Shu Han

Emperor Xian, the last emperor of the Han dynasty, was a descendant of the first emperor Liu Bang. Lasting for over 400 years, the Han Dynasty is regarded as one of the golden ages of Chinese history. The Han Dynasty was interrupted by the reign of the usurper Wang Mang, who declared the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD); on this basis, the Han Dynasty is generally divided into the Western Han (206 BC – 9 AD and 23–25 AD) and the Eastern Han (25–220 AD). The rulers of the Shu Han, one of the three successor states to the Han Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period, were descended from the Han imperial family, and considered themselves a continuation of the Han Dynasty; they are included below.

Han Dynasty, Xin Dynasty and Shu Han

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劉太公 d. 197 BC| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

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2| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4
Liu Xi 劉喜
d. 193 BC
Prince Qing
of Dai 代頃王| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Liu Bang 劉邦
256–195 BC
Gaozu 高祖
206–195 BC| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Liu Jiao 劉交
d. 178 BC
Prince Yuan
of Chu 楚元王
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1| | 1| | 2| | 4| | 5| | | | | | 6| | 9| | | | |
Liu Pi 劉濞
216–154 BC
Prince of Wu 吳王| | Liu Fei 劉肥
d. 189 BC
Prince Daohui
of Qi 齊悼惠王| | Liu Ying 劉盈
210–188 BC
Huidi 惠帝
195–188 BC| | Liu Ruyi
劉如意
208–194 BC
Prince Yin
of Zhao 趙隱王| | Liu Heng 劉恆
202–157 BC
Wendi 文帝
180–157 BC| | | | | | Liu You 劉友
d. 181 BC
Prince Ji
of Zhao 趙幽王| | Princess
Luyuan
d.187 BC| | Liu Yingke
劉郢客
d. 174 BC
Prince Yi
of Chu 楚夷王
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Liu Zhang
劉章 d. 177 BC
Prince Jing
of Chengyang
城陽景王| | | | | | Liu Gong 劉恭
Qianshao

188–184 BC| | Liu Hong 劉弘
Houshao

184–180 BC| | Liu Qi 劉啟
188–141 BC
Jingdi 景帝
157–141 BC| | Liu Wu 劉武
c.184–144 BC
Prince Xiao
of Liang| | Liu Sui 劉遂
d. 154 BC
Prince of Zhao
趙王| | | | | | Liu Wu 劉戊
d. 154 BC
Prince of Chu

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Liu Xi 劉喜
Prince Gong
of Chengyang
城阳恭王| | Liu Fei 劉非
169–128 BC
Prince Yi
of Jiangdu
江都易王| | Liu Fa 劉發
d. 127 BC
Prince Ding
of Changsha
长沙定王| | Liu Sheng
劉勝 d. 113 BC
Prince Jing
of Zhongshan
中山靖王| | | | | | | | | | Liu Che 劉徹
157–87 BC
Wudi 武帝
141–87 BC| | Princess
Pingyang
平陽公主| | | | |
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Liu Yan 劉延
Prince Qing
of Chengyang
城阳顷王| | | | | | Liu Mai 劉買
Marquess Jie
of Chongling
舂陵节侯| | | | | | | | | | Liu Ju 劉據
128–91 BC
Crown Prince Li
戾太子| | Liu Bo 劉髆
d. 86 BC
Prince Ai
of Changyi
昌邑哀王| | Liu Fuling 劉弗陵
94–74 BC>
Zhaodi 昭帝
87–74 BC| | | | |
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Liu Yi 劉义
Prince Jing
of Chengyang
城阳敬王| | Liu Xiongqu
劉熊渠
Marquess Dai
of Chongling
舂陵戴侯| | Liu Wai 劉外
Govnr. of
Yulin Comm.
郁林太守| | | | | | | | | | Liu Jin 劉進
113–91 BC
Emperor's father
Dao 悼皇考| | Liu He 劉賀
~92–59 BC
Pr. of Changyi
昌邑王
74 BC| | | | | | | | |
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Liu Wu 劉武
Prince Hui
of Chengyang
城阳惠王| | Liu Li 劉利
Govnr. of
Cangwu Comm.
苍梧太守| | Liu Hui 劉回
Superint. of
Julu 巨鹿都尉| | Wang Jin
王禁| | | | | | Liu Xun 劉詢
91–49 BC
Xuandi 宣帝
74–49 BC| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Liu Shun 劉顺
Prince Huang
of Chengyang
城阳荒王| | Liu Zizhang
劉子張| | Liu Qin 劉欽
d. 3 AD
Magistr. of
Nandun county
南顿令| | Wang Man
王曼| | Wang
Zhengjun
王政君
71 BC–13 AD| | Liu Shi 劉奭
75–33 BC
Yuandi 元帝
49–33 BC| | | | | | Liu Xiao 劉囂
d. 25 BC
Prince Xiao
of Chu 楚孝王| | | | |

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RESTORATION| | EASTN HAN| | XIN
DYNASTY| | 1| | 2| | 3| | | | | | | | | |
Liu Xian 劉宪
Marquess
of Shi 式侯| | Liu Xuan 劉玄
d. 25 AD
Gengshi

23–25 AD| | Liu Xiu 劉秀
5 BC – 57 AD
Guangwu

25–57 AD| | 45 BC–23 AD
Wang Mang

9–23 AD| | Liu Ao 劉驁
51–7 BC
Chengdi

33–7 BC| | Liu Kang 劉康
d. 23 BC
Gongdi 恭帝| | Liu Xing 劉興
d. 8 BC
Prince Xiao
of Zhongshan
中山孝王| | Liu Xun 劉勳
Marquess Yang
of Guangqi
广戚炀侯| | | | |
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Liu Meng 劉萌
Marquess
of Shi 式侯| | Liu Zhuang 劉莊
28–75 AD
Mingdi 明帝
57–75 AD| | Liu Ying
劉英 d. 71
Prince of Chu| | | | | | Liu Xin 劉欣
27–1 BC
Aidi 哀帝
7–1 BC| | Empress
Wang
王皇后
8 BC – 23 AD| | Liu Kan 劉衎
9 BC – 6 AD
Pingdi 平帝
1 BC – 6 AD| | Liu Xian 劉顯
Marquess of
Guangqi 广戚侯| | | | |
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Liu Penzi
劉盆子
b.10 AD
25–27 AD| | Liu Da 劉炟
57–88 AD
Zhangdi 章帝
75–88 AD| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Liu Ying 劉嬰
5–25 AD
Ruzi 孺子
6–9 AD| | | | |
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Liu Kang 劉伉
d. 93
Prince Zhen
of Qiancheng
千乘贞王| | Liu Qing 劉慶
78–106
Xiaode 孝德| | Liu Zhao 劉肇
79–105
Hedi 和帝
88–105| | Liu Shou
劉壽 d. 120
Prince Hui
of Jibei 济北惠王| | Liu Kai 劉開
d. 132
Xiaomu 孝穆| | | | | | | | | | skipped
generations| | | |
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Liu Chong
劉寵 d. 122
Prince Yi
of Le'an 乐安夷王| | Liu Hu 劉祜
94–125
Andi 安帝
106–125| | Liu Long 劉隆
105–106
Shangdi 殤帝
105–106| | Liu Yi 劉懿
d. 125
Shaodi 少帝
125| | Liu Yi 劉翼
Xiaochong
孝崇| | Liu Shu 劉淑
Xiaoyuan 孝元| | | | | | Liu Xiong
劉雄| | | |
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Liu Hong 劉弘
d. 147
Prince Xiao
of Bohai 渤海孝王| | Liu Bao 劉保
115–144
Shundi 順帝
125–144| | | | | | | | | | Liu Zhi 劉志
132–168
Huandi 桓帝
146–168| | Liu Chang 劉萇
Xiaoren 孝仁| | | | | | Liu Hong
劉弘| | | |
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Liu Zuan 劉纘
138–146
Zhidi 質帝
145–146| | Liu Bing 劉炳
143–145
Chongdi

144–145| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Liu Hong 劉宏
156–189
Lingdi 靈帝
168–189| | | | | | Liu Bei 劉備
161–223
Zhaoliedi
昭烈帝
221–223| | | |
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176–189
Shaodi 少帝
189| | Liu Xie 劉協
181–234
Xiandi 獻帝
189–220| | | | | | Liu Shan 劉禪
207–271
Xiaohuaidi
孝懷帝
223–263| | | |

## Cao Wei

Cao Wei

\- - - - - = The dashed line denotes an adoption

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| | | | | | | Cao Cao 曹操 155–220
Wudi 武帝
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| | Cao Pi 曹丕 187–226
Wendi 文帝
220–226| | | |  Cao Zhang 曹彰 189–223
Prince Wei of
Rencheng 任城威王| | Cao Yu 曹宇 d.278
Prince of Yan 燕王
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Cao Rui 曹叡 205–239
Mingdi 明帝
226–239| | Cao Lin 曹霖 d. 249
Prince Ding of
Donghai 東海定王| | Cao Kai 曹楷
Prince of Jinan 济南王| |  Cao Huan 曹奐 246–303
Yuandi 元帝
260–265
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| | | | Cao Mao 曹髦 241–260
Duke of Gaogui
District 高貴鄉公
254–260| | Cao Fang 曹芳 232–274
Shaodi 少帝
239–254

## Eastern Wu

Eastern Wu

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c. 155–191| | | | | | | | Sun Jing

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Sun Ce 孫策
Marquis of Wu
197–200| | 182–252
Sun Quan 孫權
229–252| | | | | | | | Sun Gao

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Sun Deng 孫登
209–241| | Sun He 孫和
223–253| | 235–264
Sun Xiu 孫休
258–264| | 243–260
Sun Liang 孫亮
252–258| | Sun Chuo
孫綽| | Sun Gong

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Sun Hao 孫皓
264–280| | | | | | | | | | Sun Chen

231–258| | Sun Jun
219–256

## Jin dynasty and Chu

The following is a family tree for the Jin dynasty, which ruled a unified China during the Western Jin Dynasty (265–316 AD). Although greatly weakened by the War of the Eight Princes during the reign of the developmentally disabled Emperor Hui, when members of the clan fought among themselves for imperial control, and forced Eastwards after the conquest of their capital in 316 AD, the dynasty nonetheless continued in the form of the Eastern Jin Dynasty until 420 AD.

Jin Dynasty and Chu

* – Western Jin dynasty emperor;
* – Eastern Jin dynasty emperor;
* – The Eight Princes
* \- - - - - = The dashed line denotes an adoption

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| | | | | | | | | | | | Sima Ang 司馬昂
d. 205 BC
Yinwang 殷王
206–205 BC| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

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generations| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | Sima Jun
司馬儁
113–197 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | Sima Fang
司馬防
149–219 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Sima Lang
司馬朗
171–217| | Sima Fu
司馬孚
180–272| | | | | | Sima Yi 司馬懿
179–251
Xuandi 宣帝| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sima Kui
司馬馗| | | |
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Sima Wang
司馬望 205–271
Prince of Langyang| | Sima Gui
司馬瑰 d. 274
Prince of Taiyuan| | Sima Zhao
司馬昭 211–265
Wendi 文帝| | Sima Liang
司馬亮 d. 291
Prince of Runan| | Sima Lun
司馬倫
r.301?; d. 301
Prince of Zhao| | Sima Shi
司馬師
208–255
Jingdi 景帝| | Sima Zhou
司馬伷
227–283| | Sima Tai
司馬泰 d. 299
Prince of Gaomi| | | |
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| | | | Sima Yong
司馬顒 d. 306
Prince of Hejian| | Sima Yan 司馬炎
236–290
Wudi 武帝
265–290| | | | | | | | | | Sima You
司馬攸
248–283
Prince of Qi| | Sima Jin
司馬覲 256–290
Prince of Langye| | Sima Yue
司馬越 d. 311
Prince of
Donghai| | Sima Mo
司馬模
d. 311
Prince of
Nanyang
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Sima Zhong 司馬衷
259–307
Huidi 惠帝
290–307| | Sima Wei
司馬瑋
271–291
Prince of Chu| | | | | | |  Sima Ai 司馬乂
277–304
Prince of
Changsha| | | | | | Sima Jiong
司馬冏
d. 302
Prince of Qi| | Sima Rui 司馬睿
276–323
Yuandi 元帝
317–323| | | | | | Sima Bao 司馬保
294–320
Yuanwang

319–320
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Sima Yu 司馬遹
278–300
Crown Prince| | Sima Ying
司馬穎 279–306
Prince
of Chengdu| | Sima Yan
司馬晏283–313
Prince of Wu| | Sima Chi 司馬熾
284–313
Huaidi 懷帝
307–311| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | Huan Yi

276–328| | Sima Ye 司馬業
300–318
Mindi 愍帝
313–316| | | | | | Sima Shao 司馬紹
299–326
Mingdi 明帝
323–326| | | | | | Sima Yu 司馬昱
320–372
Jianwen 簡文
371–372| | | | | | | |
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Huan Chong
桓沖 328–384
Prince of
Xuancheng| | Huan Wen
桓溫 312–373
Xuanwu 宣武| | Sima Xingnan
司馬興男| | Sima Yan 司馬衍
321–342
Chengdi 成帝
326–342| | Sima Yue 司馬岳
322–344
Kangdi 康帝
342–344| | | | | | Sima Yao 司馬曜
362–396
Xiaowu 孝武
372–396| | Sima Daozi
司馬道子
364–403
Prince of Kuaiji| | | |

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Huan Xuan
桓玄 369–404
Wudao 武悼
of Chu
403–404| | Sima Pi 司馬丕
341–365
Aidi 哀帝
361–365| | Sima Yi 司馬奕
342–386
Feidi 廢帝
365–371| |  Sima Dan 司馬聃
343–361
Mudi 穆帝
344–361| | Sima Dezong
382–419
Andi 安帝
396–403;
404–419| | Sima Dewen
司馬德文 386–421
Gongdi 恭帝
419–420| | Sima Yuanxian
司馬元顯
382–402
Heir Apparent
Zhongof Kuaiji| | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Emperor Shao
of Liu Song
(劉)宋少帝
406–422–424| | Sima Maoying
司馬茂英
393?–439| | | | | | | |

## Sixteen Kingdoms

### Cheng Han

Cheng Han

| | | | | | | | | | | | | Li Mu| | | | | | | |

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Li Te 李特
(r. 303)| | | | | | Li Liu 李流
248–303; r. 303| | | | | | Li Xiang 李骧
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Li Dang 李蕩
(?–303)| | Li Xiong 李雄 (274–334)
Wu 武
r. 304–334| | Empress Ren
任皇后| | | | | | Empress Yan
閻皇后| | Li Shou 李壽 (300–343)
Zhaowen 昭文
r. 338–343

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Li Ban 李班 (288–334)
Aidi 哀皇帝 r. 334| | Li Qi 李期 (314–d. 338)
Yōu 幽 r. 334–338| | Empress Yan
閻皇后| | Li Yue (?–338)| | Empress Li
李皇后| | Li Shi
r. 343–347; d. 361

### (Han) Former Zhao

(Han) Former Zhao emperors family tree

| | | | | | | | | | | | | Huzheng 呼徵
(d. 179; r. 178–179)| | | | | | | | | | | |

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| | | | | | | | | | | | Qiangqui 羌渠
(d. 188; r. 179–188)| | | | | | | | | | Liu Liang 刘亮
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| | | | | | | | | | | | Yufuluo 於夫羅
Chizhishizhuhou
持至尸逐侯
(150–196; r. 188–195)| | Huchuquan
呼廚泉
(d.? r. 195–216)| | | | | | Liu Guang 刘广
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | HAN| | | | | | ?| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Liu Bao 劉豹
(d.?; r. 216–260)| | | | | | Liu Qubei
劉去卑
d. 272; r. 260–272| | | | | | Liu Fang 刘防
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | Liu Yannian
刘延年| | Liu Yuan 劉淵 (d. 310)
Guangwen
光文 (r. 304–310)| | Liu Xiong
刘雄| | See Xia| | | | | | Liu Lu 劉綠
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (FORMER) ZHAO
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liu He

(d./r. 310)| | Liu Gong 刘恭
d. 310| | Liu Cong 劉聰 (d. 318)
Zhāowǔdi
昭武皇帝 (r. 310–318) | | Liu Yu 劉裕
(d. 310)| | Liu Long 刘隆
d. 310| | Liu Yi 刘乂
(d. 317)| | Liu Yao 劉曜
(d. 329; r. 318–329)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | Liu Can 劉粲 (d. 318)
Yin
隱帝 (r. 318)| | | | | | | | | | Liu Yin 劉胤
(d./r. 329)| | Liu Xi 劉熙
(d./r. 329)
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| | | | | | | | Liu Yuangong
劉元公 (d. 318)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Yan states and Tuyuhun

Legend:

* – Former Yan
* – Later Yan

* – Northern Yan
* – Southern Yan

* – Western Yan
* – Tuyuhun

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Murong clan family tree

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Murong

?–156–181| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | skipped
generations| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Murong Mohuba
慕容莫护跋
r. ?–246| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Murong Muyan
慕容木延
r. 246–271| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Murong Shegui
慕容涉归
r. 271–283| | Murong Shan
慕容刪
r. 283–285| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong
Tuyuhun
慕容吐谷浑
Henan King
284–317| | Murong Yun
慕容运| | | | | | | | | | Murong Hui
慕容廆
Duke Xiang
of Liaodong
269–307–333| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | |
Murong Tuyan
慕容吐延
Henan King
317–329| | □| | | | | | | | | | Murong Huang
慕容皝
Wenming
of Former Yan
297–333–348| | Murong Ping
慕容評
Regent of
Murong Wei
?-?| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong Yeyan
慕容葉延
Tuyuhun King
329–351| | Murong Yong
of Western Yan
慕容永(d. 394)
(r. 386–394)| | Murong Jun
慕容儁
Jingzhao
of Former Yan
319–348–360| | Murong Ke
慕容恪
Prince Huan
of Taiyuan
(?–367)| | Murong Huan
慕容桓 (?–373)
Prince of Yidu| | Murong Na
慕容纳 (?–385)
Prince of Beihai| | Murong Chui
慕容垂
Wucheng
of (Later) Yan
326–384–396| | Murong De
慕容德
Xianwu of
(Southern) Yan
336–398–405| | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong Suixi
慕容碎奚
Tuyuhun King
351–371| | Murong Wei
You
of Former Yan
350–360–
370–385| | Murong Hong
of Western Yan
慕容泓 (d. 384)| | Murong Chong
慕容冲
Wei
of Western Yan
359–384–386| | Murong Yi
Prince of
(Western) Yan
慕容顗 (d./r. 386)| | Murong Chao
of Southern Yan
慕容超
385–405–410| | Murong Bao
慕容宝
Huimin
of (Later) Yan
355–396–398| | Murong Nong
慕容農
Prince Huanlie
of Liaoxi
d. 398| | Murong Long
慕容隆
Prince Kang
of Gaoyang
d. 397| | Murong Lin
慕容麟
Prince of Zhao
r. 397; d. 398| | Murong Xi
慕容熙
Zhaowen
of (Later) Yan
385–401–407
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Feng An 馮安| | | |
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Murong Shilian
慕容視連
?–371–390| | | | | | Murong Zhong
(Prince) of
(Western) Yan
慕容忠(d./r. 386)| | Murong Yao
(Prince) of
(Western) Yan
慕容瑶(d./r. 386)| | | | | | | | | | Murong Sheng
慕容盛
Zhaowu
of (Later) Yan
373–398–401| | Murong Hui
慕容會
Prince of
Qinghe
373–397| | Gao/Murong Yun
高/慕容云 (d. 409)
Huiyi
of (Later)/
(Northern)Yan
r. 407–409| | Feng Ba
馮跋 (d. 430)
Wencheng
of Northern Yan
r. 409–430| | Feng Hong
馮弘 d. 438
Zhaocheng
of Northern
Yan
r. 430–436
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Murong Shipi
慕容視羆
368–390–400| | | | | | Murong Wugeti
慕容烏紇褆
?–400–405| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong
Shuluogan
慕容樹洛干
392–405–417| | Murong Achai
慕容阿柴
?–417–424| | Murong Mugui
慕容慕璝
?–424–436| | Murong Muliyan
慕容慕利延
?–436–452| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong Shiyin
慕容拾寅
?–452–481| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong Duyihou
慕容度易侯
?–481–490| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong
Fulianchou
慕容伏連籌
?–490–540| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong
Heluozhen
呵羅真
?–529–530| | Murong Kualu
慕容夸呂
?–540–591| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong Fofu

?–530–534| | Murong Shifu
慕容世伏
?–591–597| | Murong Fuyun
慕容伏允
?–597–635| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Murong
Ketazhen
可沓振
?–534–540| | | | | | Murong Shun
慕容顺
604–635| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | Murong
Nuohebo
慕容諾曷鉢
?–635–672–688| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Later Zhao

Later Zhao monarchs family tree

| | | | | | | | | | Adoption

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Shi Xie 石邪| | | | | | | | | | Shi Beixie
石㔨邪
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Shi Zhouhezhu
石周曷朱| | | | | | | | | | Shi Koumi

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Shi Le
石勒 (274–333)
Ming 明
r. 319–333| | | | | | | | | | Shi Hu 石虎 (295–349)
Wu 武
(r. 334–349)| | | | | | Ran Long 冉隆
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Shi Hong 石弘
314–335; r. 333–334| | Shi Zun 石遵
(d./r. 349)| | Shi Jian 石鉴
d. 350; r. 349–350| | Shi Zhi 石祗
d. 351; r. 350–351| | Shi Shi 石世
339–349; r.349| | Ran Zhan
冉瞻 (299?–328)
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ran Min 冉闵 (d. 352)
of Ran Wei (冉魏) state
r. 350–352
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ran Zhi 冉智 (d. 354)
of Ran Wei (冉魏) state
r. 352

### Former Liang

Former Liang rulers family tree

| | | | | Zhang Gui 张轨 (255–314)
Wǔwáng 武王
(r. 301–314)

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| | | | Zhang Shi 张寔 (d. 320)
Míngwáng 明王 / Zhāowáng 昭王
(r. 314–320)| | Zhang Mao 張茂 (276–324)
Chenglie 成烈 / Cheng 成
r. (320–)323–324
| | | | | |
| | | | Zhang Jun 張駿 (307–346)
Wen 文 / Zhongcheng 忠成
r. 324–346
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Zhang Zuo 张祚 (d. 355)
Wei 威
(r. 353–355)| | Zhang Chonghua 張重華 (327–353)
Jinglie 敬烈 / Huan 桓
r. 346–353| | Zhang Tianxi 張天錫 (346–406)
Dao 悼
(r. 363–376)
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Zhang Yaoling 張曜靈 (344–355)
Ai 哀
(r. 353–355)| | Zhang Xuanjing 張玄靖 (350–363)
Jingdao 敬悼 / Chong 沖
r. 355–363| | Zhang Dayu 张大豫
d. 387; r. 386–387

### Later Liang

Later Liang

| | | | | Lo Polou 吕婆楼

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Lü Guang 呂光 (338–400)
Yiwu 懿武
(r. 386–400)| | | | | | Lu Bao 吕宝
(d. 392)
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Lu Zuan 呂纂 (d. 401)
Ling 靈
r. (397–)399–401| | Lü Shao 呂紹 (d. 399)
Yin 隱
(r. 399)| | Lü Long 吕隆
(d. 416)
r. 401–403(–416)

### Northern Liang

Northern Liang rulers family tree

| | | | | Juqu Mengxun 沮渠蒙逊 368–433
Wuxuan 武宣
r. 401–433

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Juqu Mujian 沮渠牧犍
bef. 420–d. 447
Ai 哀
r. 433–439| | Juqu Wuhui
沮渠無諱
d. 444; r. 442–444| | Juqu Anzhou
沮渠安周
d. 460; r. 444–460

### Western Liang

Western Liang rulers family tree

| | | | | Li Gao (李暠) 351–417
Prince Wǔzhāo (武昭王) r. 400–417

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Li Xin 李歆
d. 420; r. 417–420| | Li Xun 李恂
d. 421; r. 420–421| | Li Jingshou
李敬受 d. 437?| | Juqu Mujian 沮渠牧犍
of Northern Liang

### Former Qin

Former Qin

| | | | Fu Huaigui 苻怀归

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| | | Fu Hong (苻洪) 285–350
Huiwu
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Fu Jian (苻健) 317–355
Jingming 景明
(r. 352–355) | | | | Fu Xiong| | Fu Chang
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fu Sheng (苻生) 335–357
Li 厲
(r. 355–357)| | | | Fu Jian 苻坚 (337–385)
Xuanzhao 宣昭
(r. 357–385)| | Fu Deng 苻登 (343–394)
Gao 高
(r. 386–394)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Fu Pi 苻丕 (d. 386)
Aiping 哀平
(r. 385–386)| | Fu Chong (苻崇)
d. 394; r. 394

### Later Qin

Later Qin rulers family tree

| | | | 柯回

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| | |  Yao Yizhong (280–352)
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Yao Xiang 姚襄 (331–357)| | | | Yao Chang 姚苌 (330–393)
Wuzhao 武昭
(r. 384–(386–)394)
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Yao Xing 姚兴 (366–416)
Wenhuan 文桓
(r. 394–416)
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Yao Hong 姚泓
388–417; r. 416–417

### Western Qin

Western Qin

| | | | | | | Qifu Sifan 乞伏司繁
(d. 376)

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| | | | Qifu Guoren 乞伏国仁 (d. 388)
Xuanlie 宣烈
r. 385–388| | Qifu Gangui 乞伏乾归 (d. 412)
Wuyuan 武元
r. 388–400; 409–412
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Qifu Gongfu 乞伏公府| | Qifu Achai 乞伏阿柴| | Qifu Chipan 乞伏熾磐 (d. 428)
Wenzhao 文昭
r. 412–428
| | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | Qifu Yuanji 乞伏元基| | Qifu Mumo 乞伏暮末
d. 431; r. 428–431
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Qifu Wanzai 乞伏万载

### Southern Liang

Southern Liang

| | | | | Tufa Sifujian

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Tufa Wugu
禿髮烏孤 d. 399
Wu 武
r. 397–399 | | Tufa Lilugu
禿髮利鹿孤 d. 402
Kang 康
r. 399–402| | Tufa Rutan
禿髮傉檀 365–415
Jing 景
r. 402–414 | | Princess Zhejue
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Qifu Chipan
Wenzhao
of (Western) Qin
r. 412–428| | Princess Tufa
d. 423| | Yuan He 源賀
b. 403–d. 479

### Xia

Xia

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Yufuluo 於夫羅
b. 150–d. 196
Chizhishizhuhou
持至尸逐侯
r. 188–195| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ?| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Liu Bao 劉豹
(d.?; r. 216–260)| | | | | | Liu Qubei 劉去卑
d. 272; r. 260–272| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | See (Han)
Former Zhao| | Liu Meng 刘猛
d. 272| | | | | | Liu
Gaoshengyuan
劉誥升爰 d. 309;
r. 272–309| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | Fu Lun
副仑| | Lu Gu 路孤| | | | | | Liu Hu 劉虎
乌路孤 d. 341;
r. 309–341| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Liu Wuheng
劉務恒
d. 356;
r. 341–356| | Liu Eloutou
劉閼陋頭
r. 356–358| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Liu Xiwuqi
劉悉勿祈
r. 358–359| | Liú Wèichén
劉衛辰
d. 391;
r. 359–391| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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You Dedai
右地代| | □| | Li Qiti
力俟提| | Āli Luoyin
阿利罗引| | Zhi Lidi
直力鞮| | Wei Fa
韦伐| | Helian Bobo 赫連勃勃
b. 381– d. 425
Wulie 武烈
r. 407–425| | Ruo Men
若门| | Chi Yijian
叱以鞬| | Yi Dou
乙斗| | Wen Chen
文陈| | □
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| | | | Luo Tí
罗提| | Helian
Zhuxing
赫連助興| | Helián
Weiyidai
赫連謂以代| | Helian
Duluogu
赫連度洛孤| | Helian
Shegan
赫連社干| | | | | | | Helian
Wushìba
赫連烏視拔| | Helian
Tugu
赫連禿骨| | Helian

赫連安| | Suruo
Dougen
宿若豆根| | Yi Sheng

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| | | | | | | | | | | | Helian
Gui
赫連璝
d. 424| | Helian
Yan
赫連延| | Helian Chang
赫連昌
d. 434; r. 425–428| | Helian Lun
赫连伦 d. 424| | Helian Ding
赫連定
d. 432; r. 428–431| | Helian
Man
赫連滿| | Empress Helian
d. 453
Empress Taiwu
太武皇后 (432–452)| | Su Dagan
宿沓干| | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | daughter
wife of
Luo Ti
罗提| | Helian
Douwuyu
赫连豆勿于| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Su Shí
宿石| | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Helian
Ziyue
赫连子悦| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Su Ni
宿倪| | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Helian
Zhungzhang
赫连仲章| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Other states in Sixteen Kingdoms

### Dai

Tuoba clan of Dai state family tree

| | | | | | | | | | | | | Tuoba Liwei
拓拔力微
174–219–277| | | | | | | |

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| | | | | | | | Tuoba
Shamohan
拓跋沙漠汗
d. 277| | Tuoba Xilu
拓跋悉鹿
r. 277–286; d. 268| | Tuoba Chuo
拓跋綽
r. 286–293;
d. 293| | Tuoba Luguan
拓跋祿官
r. 294–307; d. 307
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Tuoba Fu
拓跋弗
r. 293–294; d. 294| | | | | | Tuoba Yituo
拓拔猗㐌
r. 295–305; d. 305| | | | | | Tuoba Yilu
拓跋猗盧
r. 295–316; d. 316| | | |
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Tuoba Yulü
拓跋鬱律
r. 316–321; d. 321| | Tuoba Heru
拓跋賀傉
r. 321–325; d. 325| | Tuoba Pugen
拓跋普根
r. (305–)316; d. 316| | Tuoba Hena
拓跋紇那
r. 325–329; 335–337| | Tuoba Liuxiu
拓跋六修| | Tuoba Biyan
拓跋比延
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Tuoba Yihuai
拓跋翳槐
r. 329–335;
337–338;
d. 338| | Tuoba Shiyijian
拓跋什翼犍
320–338–376| | son
r./d. 316| | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | ???| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | Tuoba Shi
拓跋寔
d. 371| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | Tuoba Gui 拓拔珪
371–409
Daowu
of Northern Wei
386–409 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Tuoba clan
family tree
of Northern Wei
dynasty| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Zhai Wei

Zhai Wei family tree

| | | | | | | | | □

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Zhai Bin 翟斌
r. 383–384| | Zhai Tan 翟檀
d. 384| | Zhai Min 翟敏
d. 384| | □| | □
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Zhai Liao 翟遼
Jianguang Tian Wang
建光天王 r. 386–391| | | | | | | | | | Zhai Zhen 翟真
r. 384–385| | Zhai Cheng 翟成
r. 385
| | |
Zhai Zhao 翟釗
Dingding Tian Wang
定鼎天王 r. 391–392– d. 393

## Notes and references

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