Competition regulator

Short description: Government bodies enforcing fair competition

Competition law

Basic concepts

* History of competition law
* Monopoly and oligopoly
* Coercive monopoly
* Natural monopoly
* Tacit collusion
* Barriers to entry
* Herfindahl–Hirschman Index
* Market concentration
* Market power
* SSNIP test
* Relevant market
* Merger control

Anti-competitive practices

* Monopolization
* Collusion
* Formation of cartels
* Price fixing
* Bid rigging
* Product bundling and tying
* Refusal to deal
* Group boycott
* Essential facilities
* Exclusive dealing
* Dividing territories
* Conscious parallelism
* Predatory pricing
* Misuse of patents and copyrights

Enforcement authorities and organizations

* International Competition Network
* List of competition regulators

* v
* t
* e

A competition regulator is the institution that oversees the functioning of markets. It identifies and corrects practices causing market impediments and distortions through competition law (also known as antitrust law).[1] In general it is a government agency, typically a statutory authority, sometimes called an economic regulator, that regulates and enforces competition laws and may sometimes also enforce consumer protection laws. In addition to such agencies, there is often another body responsible for formulating competition policy.

Many nations implement competition laws, and there is general agreement on acceptable standards of behaviour. The degree to which countries enforce their competition policy varies substantially.

Competition regulators may also regulate certain aspects of mergers and acquisitions and business alliances and regulate or prohibit cartels and monopolies. Other government agencies may have responsibilities in relation to aspects of competition law that affect companies (e.g., the registrar of companies).

Regulators may form supranational or international alliances like the ECN (European Competition Network), the ICN (International Competition Network), and the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development).

## Contents

* 1 List of trade blocs and multinational regulators
* 2 List of national regulators
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## List of trade blocs and multinational regulators

Flag  | Trade bloc | Regulating organization  | ECA  | ICN  | OECD  | Website  | Language

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| Communidad Andina (Andean Community of Nations)  |  |  | [1] | Spanish
| European Union /European Economic Area  | European Commission – Directorate-General for Competition  |  |  |  | [2] | See: Official languages of the European Union
| European Economic Area: Iceland, Norway , Liechtenstein (EFTA members)  | EFTA Surveillance Authority  |  |  |  | [3] | English

## List of national regulators

Flag  | Country  | Name  | ECA  | ICN  | OECD  | Website  | Language

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| Albania  | Competition Authority (Albania)  |  |  |  | [4] | English
| Algeria  | The Algerian National Competition Council  |  |  |  | [5] | Arabic, French
| Argentina | Comision Nacional de Defensa de la Competencia  |  |  |  | [6] | Spanish
| Armenia | State Commission for the Protection of Economic Competition of Armenia  |  |  |  | [7] | English
| Australia | Australian Competition & Consumer Commission  |  |  |  | [8] [9] | English
| Austria  | Wettbewerbsbehörde im BMwA  |  |  |  | [10] | English
| Barbados  | Fair Trading Commission  |  |  |  | [11] | English
| Belgium  | Raad voor de Mededinging/Conseil de la concurrence  |  |  |  | [12] | French/Dutch
| Brazil | Administrative Council for Economic Defense  |  |  |  | [13] | Portuguese
| Bulgaria  | Commission for Protection of Competition  |  |  |  | [14] | Bulgarian/English
| Canada | Competition Bureau/Bureau de la concurrence  |  |  |  | [15], [16] | English/French
| Chile | Tribunal de Defensa de la Libre Competencia -National Economic Prosecutor's Office  |  |  |  | [17] | Spanish
| China | State Administration for Market Regulation  |  |  |  | [18] | Chinese
| Colombia  | Superintendency of Industry and Commerce  |  |  |  | [19] | Spanish
| Croatia  | Croatian Competition Agency  |  |  |  | [20] | English
| Curaçao  | Fair Trade Authority Curaçao |  | X  |  | [@] | English, Dutch, Papiamentu
| Cyprus | Commission for the Protection of Competition  |  |  |  | [21] | English
| Czech Republic | Office for the Protection of Competition  |  |  |  | [22] | English
| Denmark | Konkurrencestyrelsen  |  |  |  | [23] | English
| El Salvador  | Superintendencia de Competencia  |  |  |  | [24] | Spanish
| Estonia  | Konkurentsiamet  |  |  |  | [25] |
| Finland | Finnish Competition and Consumer Authority (Kilpailuvirasto)  |  |  |  | [26] | English
| France | Autorité de la concurrence  |  |  |  | [27] | French
| Georgia | Competition Agency  |  |  |  | [28] | Georgian, English, Russian
| Germany | Bundeskartellamt  |  |  |  | [29] | German
| Greece  | Hellenic Competition Commission  |  |  |  | [30] | English
| Hong Kong | Competition Commission  |  |  |  | [31] | Cantonese/English
| Hungary  | Office of Economic Competition (Gazdasági Versenyhivatal)  |  |  |  | [32] | English
| India | Competition Commission of India  |  |  |  | [33] | English
| Indonesia  | Commission for Supervision of Business Competition, (Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha),  |  |  |  | [34] | English
| Ireland  | Competition and Consumer Protection Commission  |  |  |  | [35] | English
| Iceland  | Icelandic Competition Authority  |  |  |  | [36] | English
| Israel | Israel Anti-trust Authority  |  |  |  | [37] | English
| Italy  | Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM)  |  |  |  | [38] | English
| Japan | Japan Fair Trade Commission (JFTC)  |  |  |  | [39] | English
| Jersey  | Jersey Competition Regulatory Authority, (JCRA),  |  |  |  | [40] | English
| Jordan  | Competition Directorate at the Ministry of Industry and Trade  |  |  |  | [41] | English
| Kazakhstan  | Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for regulation of natural monopolies and Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Competition Protection (Antimonopoly Agency)  |  |  |  | [42] [43] | English
| Kenya  | Monopolies and Prices Commission of Kenya  |  |  |  | [44] | English
| Kosovo  | Kosovo Competition Commission  |  |  |  | [45] | English, Albanian, Serbian
| Latvia  | Competition Council of Latvia  |  |  |  | [46] | English
| Liechtenstein | Office of National Economy (Amt für Volkswirtschaft)  |  |  |  | [47] | German
| Lithuania  | Competition Council  |  |  |  | [48] | English
| Luxembourg  | Conseil de la concurrence - Inspection de la Concurrence  |  |  |  | [49] | French
| Malaysia  | Malaysia Competition Commission  |  |  |  | [50] | English
| Malta  | Malta Competition and Consumer Affairs Authority  |  |  |  |  |
| Mexico  | Mexican Federal Competition Commission  |  |  |  | [51] | English
Template:Country data Republic of Moldova | Republic of Moldova  | Consiliul Concurenței (Competition Council)  |  |  |  | [52] | English
| Netherlands  | Autoriteit Consument & Markt  |  |  |  | [53] | English
| New Zealand | Ministry of Commerce: Competition and Enterprise Branch and New Zealand Commerce Commission  |  |  |  | [54] | English
| Nigeria  | Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission  |  |  |  | [55] | English
| North Macedonia  | Commission for Protection of Competition  |  |  |  | [56] | English
| Norway | Konkurransetilsynet  |  |  |  | [57] | English
| Pakistan | Competition Commission of Pakistan  |  |  |  | [58] | Urdu
| Peru  | Free Competition Commission  |  |  |  | [59] | Spanish
| Philippines | Philippine Competition Commission  |  |  |  | [60] | English
| Poland | Office for Competition and Consumer Protection  |  |  |  | [61] | English
Portugal | Portugal  | Autoridade da Concorrência  |  |  |  | [62] | English, Portuguese
| Romania  | Consiliul Concurenței (Competition Council)  |  |  |  | [63] | English
| Russia | Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia  |  |  |  | [64] | English
| Singapore | Competition and Consumer Commission of Singapore  |  |  |  | [65] | English
| Slovakia  | Antimonopoly Office  |  |  |  | [66] | English
| Slovenia  | Slovenian Competition Protection Agency  |  |  |  | [67] | English
| South Africa | Competition Commission, South African Competition Tribunal  |  |  |  | [68] [69] | English
| South Korea | Fair Trade Commission  |  |  |  | [70] | English
| Spain | Comisión Nacional de la Competencia (CNC) before September 2007 Tribunal de Defensa de la Competencia (TDC)  |  |  |  | [71] | Spanish
| Sweden  | Konkurrensverket  |  |  |  | [72] | English
Switzerland | Switzerland | The Competition Council and Competition Commission (COMCO)  |  |  |  | [73] | German, French, Italian
| Taiwan  | Fair Trade Commission |  |  |  | [74] | English
| Thailand  | Trade Competition Commission  |  |  |  | [75] |
| Turkey | Rekabet Kurumu  |  |  |  | [76] | English
| Ukraine | Anti-Monopoly Committee  |  |  |  | [77] | English
| United Kingdom | Competition and Markets Authority  |  |  |  | [78] | English
| United States | Federal Trade Commission & United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division  |  |  |  | [79] [80] | English
| Venezuela  | Pro-Competencia  |  |  |  | [81] | Spanish

## See also

* Consumer protection
* Transparency (market)
* Transparency (humanities)

## References

1. ↑ "Competition Law Basics". Competition Commission of India. pp. 6. https://www.cci.gov.in/sites/default/files/advocacy_booklet_document/CCI Basic Introduction_0.pdf.

## External links

* Federal Trade Commission (July 24, 2013). "Competition & Consumer Protection Authorities Worldwide". http://www.ftc.gov/oia/authorities.shtm.

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