Dawoodi language

Short description: Indo-Aryan language of northern Pakistan

Dawoodi

Domaaki
Native to| Pakistan
Region| Nager and Hunza Valleys
Ethnicity| Domaa

Native speakers

| 340 (2011)[1]

Language family

Indo-European

* Indo-Iranian
* Indo-Aryan
* Western Indo-Aryan
* Dawoodi

Writing system

| Arabic script[2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3| `dmk`
Glottolog| `doma1260`[3]

Dawoodi (دَاؤُدِی), also known as Domaakí (ڈوماکی), Ḍumāki,[4] or Domaá, is an endangered[5] Indo-Aryan language spoken by a few hundred people living in the Gilgit-Baltistan territory in northern Pakistan. It is historically related to the Central Indo-Aryan languages of the Indian Midlands, though it has been significantly influenced by its neighbours.[6]

The speakers of the language belong to a small ethnic minority that lives dispersed among the larger regional groups. The majority of Doma communities have in the past switched to the dominant Shina language, with their original language surviving only in the Burushaski areas of Nagar and Hunza.[6] There is a distinct dialect in each of those two areas; they are still mutually intelligible despite numerous differences.

According to local traditions, the Dooma's ancestors came somewhere from the south; according to the speakers themselves their forebears arrived in the Nager and Hunza Valleys from Kashmir, and north Punjab in separate groups and over an extended period of time via Baltistan, Gilgit, Darel, Tangir, Punial and even Kashghar.

All Dawoodi speakers are proficient in the languages of their host communities (Burushaski and/or Shina) as well as in their own mother tongue. Many of them also know Urdu, which they have learned at school or picked up while working in other parts of Pakistan.

The name Domaki is perceived as pejorative by the speakers, who nowadays prefer the term Dawoodi, which is associated with the Islamic figure of Dawood.[7]

## References

1. ↑ Dawoodi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
2. ↑ "Usage of Nasta'liq in the Modern Publications - Typography Day". http://www.typoday.in/2012/spk_papers/farzan-kermaninejad-typographyday2012.pdf.
3. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Domaaki". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/doma1260.
4. ↑ Masica, Colin (1991). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge University Press. pp. 427, 422.
5. ↑ Hussain 2020.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Weinreich 2008, p. 299.
7. ↑ Hussain 2020, p. 132.

## Bibliography

* Backstrom, Peter C. Languages of Northern Areas (Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan, 2), 1992. 417 pp. ISBN 969-8023-12-7.
* Hussain, Qandeel (2020). "Dawoodi (Pakistan) – Language Snapshot". Language Documentation and Description 19: 130–137. doi:10.25894/ldd69.
* Lorimer, D. L. R. 1939. The Dumaki Language: Outlines of the Speech of the Doma, or Bericho, of Hunza, Dekker & Van De Vegt, 244 pp.
* Weinreich, Matthias (2008). "Two Varieties of Domaakí". Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 158 (2): 299–316. https://opendata.uni-halle.de/handle/1981185920/94072.
* Weinreich, Matthias (2010). "Language Shift in Northern Pakistan: The Case of Domaakí and Pashto". Iran and the Caucasus 14 (1). doi:10.1163/157338410X12743419189342.

## Further reading

* Donlay, C.; Kiani, Z.H. (2025). "Dawoodi: A Highly Endangered Language in Northern Pakistan". Handbook on Endangered South Asian and Southeast Asian Languages. Cham: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-80752-7_12.

* v
* t
* e

Languages of Pakistan

Official languages|

* Urdu
* English

Other languages
(by administrative unit)|

| Azad Kashmir|

* Dogri
* Gujari
* Kashmiri
* Kundal Shahi
* Pahari-Pothwari

|

Balochistan|

* Balochi
* Brahui
* Dehwari
* Hazaragi
* Jadgali
* Khetrani
* Pashto
* Wanetsi

Gilgit-Baltistan|

* Balti
* Burushaski
* Domaaki
* Khowar
* Purgi
* Shina
* Wakhi

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|

* Burushaski
* Badeshi
* Bateri
* Chilisso
* Dameli
* Gawar-Bati
* Gowro
* Hindko
* Indus Kohistani
* Kalami
* Kalasha-mun
* Kalkoti
* Kamviri
* Khowar
* Mankiyali
* Munji
* Ormuri
* Palula
* Pashto
* Torwali
* Ushoji
* Wazir
* Yidgha

Punjab|

* Bagri
* Dogri
* Pahari-Pothwari
* Punjabi
* dialects
* Saraiki
* Rajasthani

Sindh|

* Aer
* Bagri
* Bengali
* Bhaya
* Dhatki
* Goaria
* Gujarati
* Jandavra
* Jogi
* Koli
* Parkari
* Kutchi
* Loarki
* Marwari
* Memoni
* Mewari
* Od
* Rajasthani
* Sindhi
* Urdu
* Vaghri

Related topics|

* Indo-Aryan languages
* Dardic languages
* Iranic languages
* Pakistani Sign Language
* Arabic
* Persian
* Pakistani Hindi (Hindi)
* Persian and Urdu
* Chagatai

* v
* t
* e

Modern Indo-Aryan languages

Dardic|

* Bateri
* Dameli
* Domaaki
* Gawar-Bati
* Indus Kohistani
* Kalami
* Kalasha-mun
* Kashmiri
* Khowar
* Kundal Shahi
* Mankiyali
* Nangalami
* Palula
* Pashayi
* Sawi
* Shina
* Shumashti
* Torwali
* Ushoji

Northern|

| Eastern|

* Doteli
* Jumli
* Nepali

|

Central|

* Garhwali
* Kumaoni

Western|

* Bhadarwahi
* Bilaspuri
* Dogri
* Hinduri
* Jaunsari
* Kangri
* Kullu
* Mandeali
* Mahasu Pahari
* Pahari Kinnauri
* Sirmauri

North-
western|

| Punjabi|

* Punjabi
* dialects

|

Lahnda|

* Hindko
* Inku
* Khetrani
* Pahari-Pothwari
* Saraiki

Sindhi|

* Jadgali
* Kutchi
* Luwati
* Memoni
* Sindhi

Western|

| Gujarati|

* Aer
* Gujarati
* Jandavra
* Koli
* Lisan ud-Dawat
* Parkari Koli
* Saurashtra
* Vaghri

|

Bhil|

* Bhili
* Gamit
* Kalto
* Vasavi

Rajasthani|

* Bagri
* Goaria
* Gujari
* Jaipuri
* Malvi
* Marwari
* Mewari
* Dhatki

Others|

* Domari
* Khandeshi
* Lambadi
* Romani
* list of languages

Central|

| Western|

* Braj Bhasha
* Bundeli
* Haryanvi
* Hindustani
* Kauravi
* Hindi (Manak Hindi)
* Bombay Hindi
* Urdu
* Dakhini
* Hyderabadi Urdu
* Rekhta
* Kannauji
* Sansi
* Sadhukkadi

|

Eastern|

* Awadhi
* Bagheli
* Chhattisgarhi
* Fiji Hindi

Others|

* Danwar
* Parya

Eastern|

| Bihari|

* Angika
* Bajjika
* Bhojpuri
* Caribbean Hindustani
* Kurmali
* Magahi
* Maithili
* Majhi
* Musasa
* Sadri
* Tharu
* Kochila

|

Bengali–
Assamese|

* Assamese
* Bengali
* dialects
* Bishnupriya Manipuri
* Chakma
* Chittagonian
* Goalpariya
* Hajong
* Kamrupi
* Kamtapuri
* Kharia Thar
* Kurmukar
* Rohingya
* Surjapuri
* Sylheti
* Tanchangya

Odia|

* Odia
* Sambalpuri
* Bodo Parja
* Kupia
* Reli

Halbic|

* Halbi
* Bhatri
* Kamar
* Mirgan
* Nahari

Others|

* Mal Paharia

Southern|

| Marathi–Konkani|

* Konkani
* Marathi
* others..

|

Insular|

* Maldivian
* Sinhala

Unclassified|

* Bazigar
* Chinali
* Sheikhgal
* Kholosi

Pidgins/
creoles|

* Andaman Creole Hindi
* Haflong Hindi
* Nagamese
* Nefamese
* Vedda

See also: Old and Middle Indo-Aryan; Indo-Iranian languages; Nuristani languages; Iranian languages

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawoodi language. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Social:Dawoodi_language&oldid=4236835"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template