Fool (stock character)

Short description: Stock character in creative works

William Wallace Denslow's illustrations for Three Wise Men of Gotham, from a 1901 edition of Mother Goose

The fool is a stock character in creative works (literature, film, etc.) and folklore. There are several distinct, although overlapping, categories of fool: simpleton fool, wise fool, and serendipitous fool.

The Motif-Index of Folk-Literature contains a group of motifs J1700-J2799. FOOLS (AND OTHER UNWISE PERSONS).[1]

## Contents

* 1 Silly fool
* 1.1 Subcategories
* 2 Wise and clever fools
* 3 Serendipitous fool
* 4 Heroes, villains and fools
* 5 Archetypal foolish persons
* 6 Archetypal foolish groups
* 6.1 Racist and other discriminative joke series
* 7 See also
* 8 References
* 9 Further reading

## Silly fool

Main article: Social:Simpleton

A silly, stupid, simpleton, luckless fool is a butt of numerous jokes and tales all over the world.

Sometimes the foolishness is ascribed to a whole place, as exemplified by the Wise Men of Gotham. The localizing of fools is common to most countries, and there are many other reputed imbecile centres in England besides Gotham. Thus there are the people of Coggeshall, Essex, the "carles" of Austwick, Yorkshire, the "gowks" of Gordon, Berwickshire, and for many centuries the charge of folly has been made against silly Suffolk and Norfolk (Descriptio Norfolciensium about twelfth century, printed in Wright's Early Mysteries and other Latin Poems).[2]

In Germany there are the "Schildbürger", from the fictitious town of "Schilda"; in the Netherlands, the people of Kampen; in Bohemia, the people of Kocourkov; and in Moravia the people of Šimperk. There are also the Swedish Täljetokar from Södertälje and Kälkborgare from Kälkestad, and the Denmark tell tales of the foolish inhabitants of the Molboland. In Latin America, the people of Galicia are the butt of many jokes.[citation needed] In Spain, the people of Lepe, a town in Andalusia, follow a similar fate.[citation needed] Among the ancient Greeks, Boeotia was the home of fools; among the Thracians, Abdera; among the ancient Jews, Nazareth; among modern Jews, Chełm; among the ancient Asiatics, Phrygia.[3]

### Subcategories

In Jewish folklore, Schlemiel and Schlimazl are two popular subtypes of a fool. The following saying helps to tell them apart: a schlemiel is a man who spills hot soup on a schlimazl: the first one is clueless, while the second one is luckless.[4]

Numbskull/noodlehead stories are about well-meaning folks who take an advice too literally to their own grievance or who find the most complicated solution to the most simple problem. However, sometimes they may end with luck ("serendipitous fool"). These can vary from an absent-minded professor (a stock character in itself) to Jack from Jack and the Beanstalk who exchanged a cow for a bean. In that, numbskull stories overlap with trickster stories, where a numbskull is often a "mark" (victim) for a trickster.[5]

Sichuan opera makes extensive use of the fool archetype, particularly in comparison to other forms of Chinese opera.[6]: 296 Fool characters appear in guises including Mangpao (the emperor's attendant), the fool in mandarin's clothes, the playboy fool, the dirty and disheveled fool, the old-fashioned fool, and the thief fool.[6]: 296 The thief fool is one of the most popular character archetypes in Sichuan opera.[6]: 296

## Wise and clever fools

German jester depicted at Altes Rathaus ln München

Many tales are based on the idea that a simple nature of a fool is a guise of wisdom, or even the wisdom itself.[4]

On the other hand, the mask of a fool may be used to utter wise but unpleasant truths. Some classify jesters into two categories: "natural fools" (people who lacked social awareness and could occasionally utter the truth simply being unaware of social conventions) and "licensed fools" (often picked to be jester for their physical handicap, and telling the truth was simply part of their "job description").[7]

In addition to jesters, naturally stupid people gave rise to other categories of respected fools, such as holy fool, e.g., yurodivy in Russian tradition, avadhuta in some Indian religions, and other manifestations of "crazy wisdom" in various cultures.

## Serendipitous fool

In scenarios of this kind a simpleton, a laughing stock in the end wins big, usually a princess or a kingdom, or wealth, or all the above. Brothers Grimm have three tales of a lucky simpleton. The Queen Bee, The Three Languages and The Three Feathers. In these the fool gets help from animals.[4] The luck of the Russian folk character Ivan the Fool comes from his simplicity.

## Heroes, villains and fools

While some characters are archetypal fools, at the same time, the coordinates "hero/villain/fool may be seen as major measures of any character. Sometimes these traits mix or boundaries are blurred."[8]

## Archetypal foolish persons

* Ivan the Fool of Russian folklore
* Głupi Jasio [pl; pl], Polish version of Ivan the Fool
* Hloupý Honza, Czech

## Archetypal foolish groups

* Town of fools trope
* Hölmöläiset
* Molboers
* Schildbürger
* Wise Men of Chelm
* Wise men of Gotham

### Racist and other discriminative joke series

* Blonde jokes
* Sardarji jokes
* Polish jokes
* East Frisian jokes

## See also

* Blason populaire
* Shakespearean fool
* Feigned madness
* Fool's literature
* Foolishness for Christ
* Idiot savant
* Švejk, a merry simpleton who often outwits the better ones.[9]
* Guru Paramartha, a foolish fictional Buddhist monk

## References

1. ↑ Seth Thompson, Motif-index of folk-literature : a classification of narrative elements in folktales, ballads, myths, fables, medieval romances, exempla, fabliaux, jest-books, and local legends. J. THE WISE AND THE FOOLISH
2. ↑ Alfred Stapleton, All about the Merry Tales of Gotham (Kessinger Publishing, 2005), p. 10.
3. ↑ G. Seal, Encyclopedia of folk heroes (ABC-CLIO, 2001), pp. 272-3
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Stock Figures in Jewish Folklore: Universal Yet Uniquely Jewish, by Solveig Eggerz (retrieved January 24, 2014)
5. ↑ Martha Hamilton and Mitch Weiss, an introduction to "Noodlehead Stories: World Tales Kids Can Read And Tell", as cited in Storytelling for Young Adults: A Guide to Tales for Teens
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Driscoll, Mark W. (2020). The Whites are Enemies of Heaven: Climate Caucasianism and Asian Ecological Protection. Durham: Duke University Press. ISBN 978-1-4780-1121-7.
7. ↑ An introduction to The Tragedy of King Lear, Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 0521847915, p. 7
8. ↑ Orrin Edgar Klapp, "Heroes, Villains, and Fools: The Changing American Character", 1962
9. ↑ Roberts, A.L. (2005). From Good King Wenceslas to the Good Soldier Švejk: A Dictionary of Czech Popular Culture. Central European University Press. p. 56. ISBN 9789637326271. https://books.google.com/books?id=6qlnrXT2yS0C&pg=PA56. Retrieved July 10, 2015.

## Further reading

* Guru Paramartha, a simpleton guru devised by Italian missionary Constanzo Beschi (1680–1742) for Tamils

* v
* t
* e

Stock characters

By ethics and morality

| Heroes|

| Classic hero|

* Action hero
* Christ figure
* Everyman
* Folk hero
* Knight-errant
* Legacy hero
* Mythological king
* Superhero
* Youngest son

|

Antihero|

* Byronic hero
* Man alone
* Tragic hero

Other|

* Supersoldier

Rogues|

| Lovable rogue|

* Gentleman detective
* Jack
* Trickster

|

Tricky slave|

* Harlequin
* Zanni

Outlaw|

* Bad boy
* Gentleman thief
* Pirate
* Air pirate
* Space pirate

Other|

* Good cop/bad cop
* Rake

Villains|

| Antivillains|

* False hero

|

The mole|

* Double agent
* Evil twin

Social Darwinist|

* Dark Lord
* Mad scientist
* Supervillain

Monsters|

* Bug-eyed monster
* Evil clown
* Killer toy
* Skeleton
* Swamp monster
* Vampires
* Zombies

Other|

* Alazon
* Archenemy
* Igor
* Masked Mystery Villain
* Miser

By sex and gender

| Feminine|

| Love interest|

* Bishōjo
* Farmer's daughter
* Girl next door
* Hooker with a heart of gold
* Ingénue
* Loosu ponnu
* Magical girlfriend
* Catgirl
* Manic Pixie Dream Girl

|

Hag|

* Cat lady
* Crone
* Fairy godmother
* La Ruffiana
* Loathly lady

Hawksian woman|

* Dragon Lady
* Femme fatale
* Tsundere

Woman warrior|

* Jungle girl
* Magical girl

Queen bee|

* Princesse lointaine
* Southern belle
* Valley girl
* Yamato nadeshiko

LGBT|

* Class S
* Laotong

Lady-in-waiting|

* Columbina
* Mammy archetype

Geek girl|

* Girl gamer
* Meganekko

Damsel in distress|

* Final girl
* Princess and dragon

Masculine|

| Harlequin|

* Pierrot

|

Father figure|

* Wise old man
* Elderly martial arts master
* Magical Negro

Young|

* Ivan the Fool
* Jack
* Jock
* Nice guy
* Nice Jewish boy
* Superfluous man
* Himbo

Prince Charming|

* Bishōnen
* Knight-errant
* Megane

Primitive|

* Feral child
* Noble savage
* Caveman
* Moleman
* Mountain man

LGBT|

* Seme and uke

Bad boy|

* Pachuco
* Black knight

Others

* Adolescent cliques
* Clown
* Dragonslayer
* Donor
* Fool
* Imaginary friend
* Little green men
* Lovers
* Pop icon
* Straight man
* Tokenism
* Town drunk
* White savior

ru:Дурак

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fool (stock character). Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Social:Fool_(stock_character)&oldid=498298"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template