Newsqueak

Short description: Programming language

NewsqueakParadigm| Concurrent

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Designed by| Rob Pike
Developer| Bell Labs
Typing discipline| Strong
Influenced by
C, CSP
Influenced
Alef, Go, Limbo, Rust[1]

Newsqueak is a concurrent programming language for writing application software with interactive graphical user interfaces.

Newsqueak's syntax and semantics are influenced by the C language, but its approach to concurrency was inspired by C. A. R. Hoare's communicating sequential processes (CSP). However, in Newsqueak, channels are first-class objects, with dynamic process creation and dynamic channel creation.

Newsqueak was developed from an earlier, smaller, language, called Squeak (not to be confused with the Smalltalk implementation Squeak). It was developed by Luca Cardelli and Rob Pike at Bell Labs in the first half of the 1980s as a language for implementing graphical user interfaces. Both languages were presented as "a language for communicating with mice": their main aim was to model the concurrent nature of programs interacting with multiple input devices, viz., keyboards and mice.[2][3]

Newsqueak is an interpreted language. The name of the interpreter is squint. The UNIX port of squint is available under a FOSS license.[4]

The ideas present in Newsqueak were further developed in the programming languages Alef, Limbo, and Go.

## See also

* Inferno (operating system)
* Plan 9 from Bell Labs

## References

1. ↑ "Influences - The Rust Reference". https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/influences.html.
2. ↑ Cardelli, Luca; Pike, Rob (1985). "Squeak: a language for communicating with mice". ACM SIGGRAPH. http://ordiecole.com/squeak/cardelli_squeak1985.pdf.
3. ↑ Pike, Rob (1994). Newsqueak: A Language for Communicating with Mice (PDF) (Technical report). Bell Labs. Computing Science Technical Report No. 143.
4. ↑ Hinchee, Sean (2020). "Go's History in Code". https://seh.dev/go-legacy/.

## External links

* Bell Labs and CSP Threads
* Advanced Topics in Programming Languages: Concurrency/message passing Newsqueak

* v
* t
* e

Rob Pike

Operating systems|

* Plan 9 from Bell Labs
* Inferno

Programming languages|

* Newsqueak
* Limbo
* Go
* Sawzall

Software|

* acme
* Blit
* sam
* rio
* 8½

Publications|

* The Practice of Programming
* The Unix Programming Environment

Other|

* Renée French
* Mark V. Shaney
* UTF-8

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