Non-Hispanic or Latino whites

Short description: American ethnic group

Non-Latino whites
White, not Latino

Total population
191,722,195
57.8% of the total US population (2020)[1] 204,300,000 (White Alone)
61.6% of the total US population (2020)[2]
Regions with significant populations
Throughout the United States, less common in Hawaii, California , New Mexico, Texas , and most major cities
Languages
Predominantly American English, with local minorities who speak American French (Louisiana, Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire), and immigrant languages (Russian, Italian, German , Polish and Greek[3])
Religion
Predominantly Protestant Christianity; minorities practice Catholicism, Judaism, and other faiths
Related ethnic groups
European Americans
European diaspora

Non-Hispanic whites or Non-Latino whites are European Americans, Middle Eastern Americans, and North African Americans as defined by the United States Census Bureau.[4][5] Americans of European ancestry represent ethnic groups and more than half of the white population are German, Irish, English, Italian and Polish Americans. In the United States , this population was first derived from English (and, to a lesser degree, French) settlement of the Americas, as well as settlement by other Europeans such as the Germans and Dutch that began in the 17th century (see History of the United States). Continued growth since the early 19th century is attributed to sustained very high birth rates alongside relatively low death rates among settlers and natives alike as well as periodically massive immigration from European countries, especially Germany, Ireland, England, Italy, Greece, the Netherlands, France and Wales, as well as Poland, Russia, and many more countries. It typically refers to an English-speaking American in distinction to Spanish speakers in Mexico and the Southwestern states.[6] In some parts of the country, the term Anglo-American is used to refer to non-Hispanic white English speakers as distinct from Spanish speakers although the term is more frequently used to refer to people of British or English descent and might include white people of Hispanic descent who no longer speak Spanish.[7][8][9]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 Culture
* 3 Population stagnation and decline
* 4 Population by settlement
* 5 Historical population by state or territory
* 6 See also
* 7 References

## History

The first Europeans who came to North America were Norse explorers around the year 1000, however they ultimately were absorbed and killed off, leaving no permanent settlements behind.[10] Later, Pilgrims and colonists came in the 1600s along the East Coast, mainly from England, in search of economic opportunities and religious freedom.[11] Over time emigrants from Europe settled the coastal regions developing a commercial economy. Between one-half and two-thirds of white immigrants to the American colonies between the 1630s and American Revolution had come as indentured servants.[12] The total number of European immigrants to all 13 colonies before 1775 was about 500,000; of these 55,000 were involuntary prisoners. Of the 450,000 or so European arrivals who came voluntarily, an estimated 48% were indentured.[13]

By the time of American Revolution there were about 2.5 million whites in the colonies.[14] The white population was largely of English, Irish, Scotch-Irish, Scottish, German, Dutch and French Huguenot descent at the time.[15] Between the revolution and the 1820s there was relatively little immigration to the United States. Starting after the 1820s large scale migration to the United States began and lasted until the 1920s.[16] Many of the newcomers were Catholics of Irish,[17] Italian,[18] and Polish[19] descent which lead to a nativist backlash. Some Americans worried about the growing Catholic population and wanted to maintain the United States as an Anglo Saxon Protestant nation.[20][21] Over the course of the 19th and early 20th century European mass emigration to the United States and high birthrates grew the white population.[22][23][24] After the American Revolution, white Americans settled the entire nation west of Appalachian Mountains, ultimately displacing the Natives and populating the entire country by the late 19th century. All immigration to the United States declined markedly between the mid 1920s until the 1960s due to a combination of immigration laws, The Great Depression, and The Second World War.[25] Waves of Jewish, Syrian, and Lebanese immigration also occurred around this time.[26][27][28]

Since 1965 white migration to the United States has been relatively minor compared to other racial and ethnic groups. During the 1990s there was a moderate increase from former communist countries in Eastern Europe.[29] At the same time birthrates amongst whites have fallen below replacement level.[30]

## Culture

White Americans have developed their own music, art, cuisine, fashion, and political economy largely based on a combination of traditional European ones.[31][32] Most religious white Americans are Christian.[33] Many Europeans often Anglicized their names and over time most Europeans adopted English as their primary language and intermarried with other white groups.[34][35]

## Population stagnation and decline

The falling percentage of non-Latino white Americans is due to multiple factors:

1\. Non-European Immigration. The United States has the largest number of immigrants in the world with the vast majority coming from countries where the population is of non-white and/or Latin American origin. Immigration to the United States from European countries has been in a steady decline since World War II averaging 56% of all immigrants in the 1950s and declining to 35% of all immigrants in the 1960s, 20% in the 1970s, 11% in the 1980s, 14% in the 1990s, and 13% in the 2000s. In 2009, approximately 90% of all immigrants came from non-European countries.[36] The United States does receive a small number of non-Latino white immigrants, mainly from countries such as Canada, Poland, Russia, and the UK.[37]

2\. Intermarriage. The United States is seeing an unprecedented increase in intermarriage between the various racial and ethnic groups. In 2008, a record 14.6% of all new marriages in the United States were between spouses of a different race or ethnicity from one another. 9% of non-Latino whites who married in 2008 married either a non-white or Latino. Among all newlyweds in 2008, intermarried pairings were primarily white-Latino of any race (41%) as compared to white-Asian (15%), white-black (11%), and other combinations (33%). Other combinations consists of pairings between different minority groups, multi-racial people, and Native Indigenous Americans.[38] The children of such unions would not automatically be classified as white non-Latino. Note that one self-identifies his or her racial and/or ethnic category.

3\. Methodology. In the 2000 Census, people were allowed to check more than one race in addition to choosing "Latino". There was strong opposition to this from some civil rights activists who feared that this would reduce the size of various racial minorities. The government responded by counting those who are white and of one minority race or ethnicity as minorities for the purposes of civil-rights monitoring and enforcement. Hence one could be 1/8th black and still be counted as a minority.[39] Also, because this does not apply to Latino origin (one is either Latino or not, but cannot be both Latino and non-Latino), the offspring of Latinos and non-Latinos are usually counted as Latino.[40] In 2017, the Pew Research Center reported that high intermarriage rates and declining Latin American immigration has led to 11% of US adults with Latino ancestry (5.0 million people) to no longer identify as Latino.[41] First generation immigrants from Latin America identify as Latino at very high rates (97%) which reduces in each succeeding generation, second generation (92%), third generation (77%), and fourth generation (50%).[41]

4\. Attrition. Minority populations are younger than non-Latino whites. The national median age in 2011 was 37.3 with non-Latino whites having the oldest median age (42.3) while Latinos have the youngest (27.6). Non-Latino blacks (32.9) and non-Latino Asians (35.9) also are younger than whites.[42] In 2013, the Census Bureau reported that for the first time, due to the more advanced age profile of the non-Latino white population, non-Latino whites died at a faster rate than non-Latino white births.[43]

Although non-Latino whites are declining as a percentage, in actual numbers they have still been growing. From 2000 - 2010 the non-Latino white population grew from 194,552,774 to 196,817,552. This was a growth of 1.2% over the 10-year period, due to residual population momentum.[44]

In 2011, for the first time in US history, Non-Hispanic whites accounted for under half of the births in the country, with 49.6% of total births.[45] This rebounded to over 50% by 2016 according to the NCHIS[46] and was still over 50% as of 2019. In addition to this, between 2016-2019, the birthrate of Latinos dropped exactly twice as much as that of non-Latino whites (0.7 vs 0.14). Before 2016, at least, 50% of children under age one had at least one parent of color or at least one parent who is white Latino.[47][48]

## Population by settlement

White non-Latino population by state or territory (1990–2020)[49][50][51][52][53] State/Territory | Pop 1990 | % pop
1990 | Pop 2000 | % pop
2000 | Pop 2010 | % pop
2010 | Pop 2020 | % pop
2020 | % growth
2010-2020 | % pop
1990-2020

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Alabama  | 2,960,167  | 73.3%  | 3,125,819  | 70.3%  | 3,204,402  | 67.0%  | 3,171,351  | 65.3%  | -1.0%  | -11.0%
Alaska | 406,722  | 73.9%  | 423,788  | 67.6%  | 455,320  | 64.1%  | 421,758  | 57.5%  | -7.4%  | -22.2%
Arizona  | 2,626,185  | 71.7%  | 3,274,258  | 63.8%  | 3,695,647  | 57.8%  | 3,816,547  | 53.4%  | +3.3%  | -25.5%
Arkansas  | 1,933,082  | 82.2%  | 2,100,135  | 78.6%  | 2,173,469  | 74.5%  | 2,063,550  | 68.5%  | -5.0%  | -16.7%
California | 17,029,126  | 57.2%  | 15,816,790  | 46.7%  | 14,956,253  | 40.1%  | 13,714,587  | 34.7%  | -8.3%  | -39.3%
Colorado  | 2,658,945  | 80.7%  | 3,202,880  | 74.5%  | 3,520,793  | 70.0%  | 3,760,663  | 65.1%  | +6.8%  | -19.3%
Connecticut  | 2,754,184  | 83.8%  | 2,638,845  | 77.5%  | 2,546,262  | 71.2%  | 2,279,232  | 63.2%  | -10.5%  | -24.6%
Delaware  | 528,092  | 79.3%  | 567,973  | 72.5%  | 586,752  | 65.3%  | 579,851  | 58.6%  | -1.2%  | -26.1%
District of Columbia | 166,131  | 27.4%  | 159,178  | 27.8%  | 209,464  | 34.8%  | 261,771  | 38.0%  | +25.0%  | +38.7%
Florida  | 9,475,326  | 73.2%  | 10,458,509  | 65.4%  | 10,884,722  | 57.9%  | 11,100,503  | 51.5%  | +1.2%  | -29.6%
Georgia  | 4,543,425  | 70.1%  | 5,128,661  | 62.6%  | 5,413,920  | 55.9%  | 5,362,156  | 50.1%  | -1.0%  | -28.5%
Hawaii  | 347,644  | 31.4%  | 277,091  | 22.9%  | 309,343  | 22.7%  | 314,365  | 21.6%  | +1.6%  | -31.2%
Idaho  | 928,661  | 92.2%  | 1,139,291  | 88.0%  | 1,316,243  | 84.0%  | 1,450,523  | 81.7%  | +10.2%  | -11.4%
Illinois  | 8,550,208  | 74.8%  | 8,424,140  | 67.8%  | 8,167,753  | 63.7%  | 7,472,751  | 58.3%  | -8.5%  | -22.1%
Indiana | 4,965,242  | 89.6%  | 5,219,373  | 85.8%  | 5,286,453  | 81.5%  | 5,266,034  | 75.5%  | -0.4%  | -15.7%
Iowa  | 2,663,840  | 95.9%  | 2,710,344  | 92.6%  | 2,701,123  | 88.7%  | 2,638,201  | 82.7%  | -6.8%  | -10.9%
Kansas | 2,190,524  | 88.4%  | 2,233,997  | 83.1%  | 2,230,539  | 78.2%  | 2,122,575  | 72.2%  | -4.9%  | -18.3%
Kentucky  | 3,378,022  | 91.7%  | 3,608,013  | 89.3%  | 3,745,655  | 86.3%  | 3,664,764  | 81.3%  | -2.2%  | -11.3%
Louisiana  | 2,776,022  | 65.8%  | 2,794,391  | 62.5%  | 2,734,884  | 60.3%  | 2,596,702  | 55.8%  | -5.1%  | -15.2%
Maine  | 1,203,357  | 98.0%  | 1,230,297  | 96.5%  | 1,254,297  | 94.4%  | 1,245,632  | 90.2%  | -2.1%  | -8.0%
Maryland  | 3,326,109  | 69.6%  | 3,286,547  | 62.1%  | 3,157,958  | 54.7%  | 3,035,979  | 47.2%  | -7.7%  | -32.2%
Massachusetts | 5,280,292  | 87.8%  | 5,198,359  | 81.9%  | 4,984,800  | 76.1%  | 4,748,897  | 67.6%  | -4.7%  | -23.0%
Michigan  | 7,649,951  | 82.3%  | 7,806,691  | 78.6%  | 7,569,939  | 76.6%  | 7,295,651  | 72.4%  | -3.6%  | -12%
Minnesota  | 4,101,266  | 93.7%  | 4,337,143  | 88.2%  | 4,405,142  | 83.1%  | 4,353,880  | 79.4%  | -1.2%  | -15.3%
Mississippi  | 1,624,198  | 63.1%  | 1,727,908  | 60.7%  | 1,722,287  | 58.0%  | 1,639,077  | 55.4%  | -4.8%  | -12.2%
Missouri  | 4,448,465  | 86.9%  | 4,686,474  | 83.8%  | 4,850,748  | 81.0%  | 4,663,907  | 75.8%  | -3.9%  | -12.8%
Montana  | 733,878  | 91.8%  | 807,823  | 89.5%  | 868,628  | 87.8%  | 901,318  | 83.1%  | +3.8%  | -9.5%
Nebraska  | 1,460,095  | 92.5%  | 1,494,494  | 87.3%  | 1,499,753  | 82.1%  | 1,484,687  | 75.7%  | -1.0%  | -28.2%
Nevada  | 946,357  | 78.7%  | 1,303,001  | 65.2%  | 1,462,081  | 54.1%  | 1,425,952  | 45.9%  | -3.5%  | -41.7%
New Hampshire  | 1,079,484  | 97.3%  | 1,175,252  | 95.1%  | 1,215,050  | 92.3%  | 1,200,649  | 87.2%  | -1.2%  | -10.4%
New Jersey  | 5,718,966  | 74.0%  | 5,557,209  | 66.0%  | 5,214,878  | 59.3%  | 4,863,535  | 51.8%  | -7.6%  | -30%
New Mexico  | 764,164  | 50.4%  | 813,495  | 44.7%  | 833,810  | 40.5%  | 772,952  | 36.5%  | -7.3%  | -26.6%
New York  | 12,460,189  | 69.3%  | 11,760,981  | 62.0%  | 11,304,247  | 58.3%  | 10,598,907  | 52.5%  | -6.4%  | -24.2%
North Carolina  | 4,971,127  | 75.0%  | 5,647,155  | 70.2%  | 6,223,995  | 65.3%  | 6,312,148  | 60.5%  | +1.4%  | -19.3 pp
North Dakota  | 601,592  | 94.2%  | 589,149  | 91.7%  | 598,007  | 88.9%  | 636,160  | 81.7%  | +6.4%  | -13.1%
Ohio  | 9,444,622  | 87.1%  | 9,538,111  | 84.0%  | 9,359,263  | 81.1%  | 8,954,135  | 75.9%  | -4.3%  | -12.9%
Oklahoma  | 2,547,588  | 81.0%  | 2,556,368  | 74.1%  | 2,575,381  | 68.7%  | 2,407,188  | 60.8%  | -6.5%  | -25%
Oregon  | 2,579,732  | 90.8%  | 2,857,616  | 83.5%  | 3,005,848  | 78.5%  | 3,036,158  | 71.7%  | +1.0%  | -21.0%
Pennsylvania  | 10,422,058  | 87.7%  | 10,322,455  | 84.1%  | 10,094,652  | 79.5%  | 9,725,769  | 73.5%  | -5.4%  | -16.2%
Rhode Island  | 896,109  | 89.3%  | 858,433  | 81.9%  | 803,685  | 76.4%  | 754,050  | 68.7%  | -6.2%  | -23.1%
South Carolina  | 2,390,056  | 68.5%  | 2,652,291  | 66.1%  | 2,962,740  | 64.1%  | 3,178,552  | 62.1%  | +7.3%  | -9.3%
South Dakota  | 634,788  | 91.2%  | 664,585  | 88.0%  | 689,502  | 84.7%  | 705,583  | 79.6%  | +2.3%  | -12.7%
Tennessee | 4,027,631  | 82.6%  | 4,505,930  | 79.2%  | 4,800,782  | 75.6%  | 4,900,246  | 70.9%  | +2.1%  | -14.2%
Texas | 10,291,680  | 60.6%  | 10,933,313  | 52.4%  | 11,397,345  | 45.3%  | 11,884,773  | 39.7%  | +1.6%  | -34.5%
Utah  | 1,571,254  | 91.2%  | 1,904,265  | 85.3%  | 2,221,719  | 80.4%  | 2,465,355  | 75.4%  | +11.0%  | -17.3%
Vermont  | 552,184  | 98.1%  | 585,431  | 96.2%  | 590,223  | 94.3%  | 573,201  | 89.1%  | -2.9%  | -9.2%
Virginia  | 4,701,650  | 76.0%  | 4,965,637  | 70.2%  | 5,186,450  | 64.8%  | 5,058,363  | 58.6%  | -2.5%  | -29.9%
Washington (state) | 4,221,622  | 86.7%  | 4,652,490  | 78.9%  | 4,876,804  | 72.5%  | 4,918,820  | 63.8%  | +0.9%  | -26.4%
West Virginia  | 1,718,896  | 95.8%  | 1,709,966  | 94.6%  | 1,726,256  | 93.2%  | 1,598,834  | 89.1%  | -7.4%  | -7.0%
Wisconsin  | 4,464,677  | 91.3%  | 4,681,630  | 87.3%  | 4,738,411  | 83.3%  | 4,634,018  | 78.6%  | -2.2%  | -13.9%
Wyoming  | 412,711  | 91.0%  | 438,799  | 88.9%  | 483,874  | 85.9%  | 469,664  | 81.4%  | -2.9%  | -10.5%
American Samoa |  |  | 682  | 1.2%  | 611  | 1.1%  |  |  |  |
Guam |  |  | 10,666  | 6.9%  | 11,001  | 6.9%  |  |  |  |
Northern Mariana Islands |  |  | 1,274  | 1.8%  | 916  | 1.7%  |  |  |  |
Puerto Rico |  |  | 33,966  | 0.9%  | 26,946  | 0.7%  | 24,548  | 0.8%  | -8.9%  |
U.S. Virgin Islands |  |  | 8,580  | 7.9%  | 3,830  | 3.6%  |  |  |  |
United States of America | 188,128,296 | 75.6% | 194,552,774 | 69.1% | 196,817,552 | 63.7% | 191,697,647 | 57.8% | -2.6% | –23.5%

In 2020, in 36 out of the 50 US states non-Latino whites made up a greater percentage of the state's population than the US overall share of 57.8%; however, the 14 states with greater shares of non-whites include the four most populous states (California, Texas, New York, and Florida). The total non-Latino white population shrunk between 2010 and 2020 in 34 out of the 50 states, and the relative share of non-Latino whites in the overall state population has declined in all 50 states during that same time period.

As of 2020, six states are majority minority: Hawaii, California, New Mexico, Texas, Nevada and Maryland. All of these states saw larger declines in the relative share of their non-Latino white populations between 1990-2020 than the national average of -23.5% with Nevada dropping by -41.7%, California by -39.3% and Texas by -34.5%.

## Historical population by state or territory

Non-Mexican white (1910-1930) and non-Latino white % of population (1940-2010) by US state[54][55][56] State/Territory | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2016  | 2018 | 2020

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Alabama  |  |  |  | 65.3%  |  |  | 73.3%  | 73.3%  | 73.3%  | 70.3%  | 67.0%  | 65.8%  | 65.3%
Alaska |  |  | 48.3%  |  |  |  | 77.2%  | 75.8%  | 73.9%  | 67.6%  | 64.1%  | 61.2%  | 60.2%
Arizona  |  |  |  | 65.1%  |  |  | 74.3%  | 74.5%  | 71.7%  | 63.8%  | 57.8%  | 55.5%  | 54.3%
Arkansas  |  |  |  | 75.2%  |  |  | 81.0%  | 82.2%  | 82.2%  | 78.6%  | 74.5%  | 72.9%  | 72.1%
California |  |  |  | 89.5%  |  |  | 76.3%  | 66.6%  | 57.2%  | 46.7%  | 40.1%  | 37.7%  | 36.6%
Colorado  |  |  |  | 90.3%  |  |  | 84.6%  | 82.7%  | 80.7%  | 74.5%  | 70.0%  | 68.6%  | 67.8%
Connecticut  |  |  |  | 97.9%  |  |  | 91.4%  | 88.0%  | 83.8%  | 77.5%  | 71.2%  | 67.7%  | 66.3%
Delaware  |  |  |  | 86.4%  |  |  | 84.1%  | 81.3%  | 79.3%  | 72.5%  | 65.3%  | 62.9%  | 61.9%
District of Columbia |  |  |  | 71.4%  |  |  | 26.5%  | 25.7%  | 27.4%  | 27.8%  | 34.8%  | 36.4%  | 37.0%
Florida  |  |  |  | 71.5%  |  |  | 77.9%  | 76.7%  | 73.2%  | 65.4%  | 57.9%  | 54.9%  | 53.3%
Georgia  |  |  |  | 65.2%  |  |  | 73.4%  | 71.6%  | 70.1%  | 62.6%  | 55.9%  | 53.4%  | 52.2%
Hawaii  |  |  |  |  |  | 31.5%  | 38.0%  | 31.1%  | 31.4%  | 22.9%  | 22.7%  | 22.1%  | 21.7%
Idaho  |  |  |  | 98.4%  |  |  | 95.9%  | 93.9%  | 92.2%  | 88.0%  | 84.0%  | 82.4%  | 81.7%
Illinois  |  |  |  | 94.7%  |  |  | 83.5%  | 78.0%  | 74.8%  | 67.8%  | 63.7%  | 61.7%  | 60.9%
Indiana |  |  |  | 96.3%  |  |  | 91.7%  | 90.2%  | 89.6%  | 85.8%  | 81.5%  | 79.6%  | 78.7%
Iowa  |  |  |  | 99.2%  |  |  | 98.0%  | 96.9%  | 95.9%  | 92.6%  | 88.7%  | 86.2%  | 85.4%
Kansas |  |  |  | 95.6%  |  |  | 92.7%  | 90.5%  | 88.4%  | 83.1%  | 78.2%  | 76.3%  | 75.6%
Kentucky  |  |  |  | 92.5%  |  |  | 92.4%  | 91.7%  | 91.7%  | 89.3%  | 86.3%  | 85.0%  | 84.5%
Louisiana  |  |  |  | 63.7%  |  |  | 68.2%  | 67.6%  | 65.8%  | 62.5%  | 60.3%  | 59.0%  | 58.4%
Maine  |  |  |  | 99.7%  |  |  | 99.1%  | 98.3%  | 98.0%  | 96.5%  | 94.4%  | 93.5%  | 93.1%
Maryland  |  |  |  | 83.3%  |  |  | 80.4%  | 73.9%  | 69.6%  | 62.1%  | 54.7%  | 51.5%  | 50.2%
Massachusetts |  |  |  | 98.6%  |  |  | 95.4%  | 92.3%  | 87.8%  | 81.9%  | 76.1%  | 72.7%  | 70.8%
Michigan  |  |  |  | 95.7%  |  |  | 87.1%  | 84.1%  | 82.3%  | 78.6%  | 76.6%  | 75.4%  | 74.8%
Minnesota  |  |  |  | 99.0%  |  |  | 97.7%  | 96.1%  | 93.7%  | 88.2%  | 83.1%  | 80.6%  | 79.4%
Mississippi  |  |  |  | 50.6%  |  |  | 62.6%  | 63.6%  | 63.1%  | 60.7%  | 58.0%  | 56.9%  | 56.4%
Missouri  |  |  |  | 93.4%  |  |  | 88.6%  | 87.7%  | 86.9%  | 83.8%  | 81.0%  | 79.7%  | 79.3%
Montana  |  |  |  | 96.2%  |  |  | 94.7%  | 93.4%  | 91.8%  | 89.5%  | 87.8%  | 86.5%  | 85.8%
Nebraska  |  |  |  | 98.2%  |  |  | 95.2%  | 94.0%  | 92.5%  | 87.3%  | 82.1%  | 79.6%  | 78.5%
Nevada  |  |  |  | 91.6%  |  |  | 86.7%  | 83.2%  | 78.7%  | 65.2%  | 54.1%  | 49.9%  | 48.5%
New Hampshire  |  |  |  | 99.9%  |  |  | 99.1%  | 98.4%  | 97.3%  | 95.1%  | 92.3%  | 90.8%  | 89.8%
New Jersey  |  |  |  | 94.3%  |  |  | 84.7%  | 79.1%  | 74.0%  | 66.0%  | 59.3%  | 55.8%  | 54.6%
New Mexico  |  |  |  | 50.9%  |  |  | 53.8%  | 52.6%  | 50.4%  | 44.7%  | 40.5%  | 38.1%  | 36.9%
New York  |  |  |  | 94.6%  |  |  | 80.1%  | 75.0%  | 69.3%  | 62.0%  | 58.3%  | 55.8%  | 55.2%
North Carolina  |  |  |  | 71.9%  |  |  | 76.5%  | 75.3%  | 75.0%  | 70.2%  | 65.3%  | 63.5%  | 62.7%
North Dakota  |  |  |  | 98.3%  |  |  | 96.9%  | 95.5%  | 94.2%  | 91.7%  | 88.9%  | 85.0%  | 83.8%
Ohio  |  |  |  | 95.0%  |  |  | 89.8%  | 88.2%  | 87.1%  | 84.0%  | 81.1%  | 79.5%  | 78.6%
Oklahoma  |  |  |  | 89.9%  |  |  | 88.1%  | 85.0%  | 81.0%  | 74.1%  | 68.7%  | 66.2%  | 65.1%
Oregon  |  |  |  | 98.6%  |  |  | 95.8%  | 93.3%  | 90.8%  | 83.5%  | 78.5%  | 76.4%  | 75.1%
Pennsylvania  |  |  |  | 95.1%  |  |  | 90.3%  | 89.1%  | 87.7%  | 84.1%  | 79.5%  | 77.0%  | 75.9%
Rhode Island  |  |  |  | 98.3%  |  |  | 96.1%  | 93.4%  | 89.3%  | 81.9%  | 76.4%  | 73.3%  | 71.4%
South Carolina  |  |  |  | 57.1%  |  |  | 69.0%  | 68.3%  | 68.5%  | 66.1%  | 64.1%  | 63.9%  | 63.5%
South Dakota  |  |  |  | 96.2%  |  |  | 94.6%  | 92.3%  | 91.2%  | 88.0%  | 84.7%  | 82.5%  | 81.3%
Tennessee |  |  |  | 82.5%  |  |  | 83.7%  | 83.1%  | 82.6%  | 79.2%  | 75.6%  | 74.2%  | 73.6%
Texas |  |  |  | 74.1%  |  |  | 69.6%  | 65.7%  | 60.6%  | 52.4%  | 45.3%  | 42.6%  | 41.4%
Utah  |  |  |  | 98.2%  |  |  | 93.6%  | 92.4%  | 91.2%  | 85.3%  | 80.4%  | 78.8%  | 77.8%
Vermont  |  |  |  | 99.7%  |  |  | 99.2%  | 98.5%  | 98.1%  | 96.2%  | 94.3%  | 93.1%  | 92.7%
Virginia  |  |  |  | 75.3%  |  |  | 80.1%  | 78.2%  | 76.0%  | 70.2%  | 64.8%  | 62.4%  | 61.3%
Washington (state) |  |  |  | 97.7%  |  |  | 93.6%  | 90.2%  | 86.7%  | 78.9%  | 72.5%  | 69.5%  | 67.8%
West Virginia  |  |  |  | 93.7%  |  |  | 95.7%  | 95.6%  | 95.8%  | 94.6%  | 93.2%  | 92.3%  | 92.0%
Wisconsin  |  |  |  | 99.2%  |  |  | 95.6%  | 93.6%  | 91.3%  | 87.3%  | 83.3%  | 81.7%  | 81.0%
Wyoming  |  |  |  | 95.9%  |  |  | 92.1%  | 92.0%  | 91.0%  | 88.9%  | 85.9%  | 84.1%  | 83.9%
Puerto Rico  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.9%  | 0.7%  | 0.6%  |

## See also

* Anglo
* Emigration from Europe
* European Americans
* Stereotypes of white Americans
* White Americans
* White Anglo-Saxon Protestant
* White ethnic
* White Latino Americans
* White Southerners

## References

1. ↑ "ACS Demographic and Housing Unit Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. December 2019. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=united states&hidePreview=false&tid=ACSDP1Y2018.DP05&vintage=2018&cid=DP05_0001E.
2. ↑ {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2021/population-changes-nations-diversity.html
3. ↑ "Table 53. Languages Spoken At Home by Language: 2009", The 2012 Statistical Abstract (U.S. Census Bureau), https://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/cats/population/ancestry_language_spoken_at_home.html, retrieved 2011-12-27
4. ↑ "White persons, percent, 2000". 4 January 2011. http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_68172.htm.
5. ↑ Bureau, U.S. Census. "U.S. Census website". https://www.census.gov.
6. ↑ "ROACH v. DRESSER IND. VALVE & INSTRUMENT DIVISION – 494 F.Supp. 215 (1980) – Leagle.com". leagle.com. http://www.leagle.com/decision/1980709494FSupp215_1669/ROACH v. DRESSER IND. VALVE & INSTRUMENT DIVISION.
7. ↑ Oxford English Dictionary: "Anglo" North American A white English-speaking person of British or northern European origin, in particular (in the U.S.) as distinct from a Hispanic American or (in Canada) as distinct from a French-speaker.
8. ↑ Mish, Frederic C., Editor in Chief Webster's Tenth New Collegiate Dictionary Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A.:1994--Merriam-Webster See original definition (definition #1) of Anglo in English: It is defined as a synonym for Anglo-American\--Page 86
9. ↑ "Anglo - Definitions from Dictionary.com; American Heritage Dictionary". Lexico Publishing Group. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Anglo. "Usage Note: In contemporary American usage, Anglo is used primarily in direct contrast to Hispanic or Latino. In this context it is not limited to persons of English or even British descent, but can be generally applied to any non-Hispanic white person, making mother tongue (in this case English) the primary factor. Thus in parts of the United States such as the Southwest United States with large Hispanic populations, an American of Polish, Irish, or German heritage might be termed an Anglo just as readily as a person of English descent. However, in parts of the country where the Hispanic community is smaller or nonexistent, or in areas where ethnic distinctions among European groups remain strong, Anglo has little currency as a catch-all term for non-Hispanic whites. Anglo is also used in non-Hispanic contexts. In Canada, where its usage dates at least to 1800, the distinction is between persons of English and French descent. And in American historical contexts Anglo is apt to be used more strictly to refer to persons of English heritage, as in this passage describing the politics of nation-building in pre-Revolutionary America: "The 'unity' of the American people derived ... from the ability and willingness of an Anglo elite to stamp its image on other peoples coming to this country" (Benjamin Schwarz)."
10. ↑ "Coming to America: Who Was First?" (in en). NPR.org. https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15040888.
11. ↑ "Colonial America (1492-1763)". http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_subj.html.
12. ↑ Galenson 1984: 1
13. ↑ Christopher Tomlins, "Reconsidering Indentured Servitude: European Migration and the Early American Labor Force, 1600–1775," Labor History (2001) 42#1 pp 5–43, at p.
14. ↑ Wells, R. V. (2015). Population of the British Colonies in America Before 1776: A Survey of Census Data. Princeton University Press.
15. ↑ Szucs, L. D., & Luebking, S. H. (Eds.). (2006). The source: A guidebook to American genealogy. Ancestry Publishing.
16. ↑ "Trends in Migration to the U.S. – Population Reference Bureau" (in en-US). https://www.prb.org/us-migration-trends/.
17. ↑ Byrne, James Patrick, Philip Coleman, Jason Francis King, ed. Ireland and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2008. (pg. 31-34) ISBN:1-85109-614-0
18. ↑ "Destination America . When did they come? | PBS". https://www.pbs.org/destinationamerica/usim_wn_noflash_5.html.
19. ↑ "Polish Immigration". https://www2.needham.k12.ma.us/nhs/cur/kane98/kane_p3_immig/Poland/Polish.html.
20. ↑ "Meet the 19th-century Political Party Founded on Ethnic Hate". 2017-08-16. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/archaeology-and-history/magazine/2017/07-08/know-nothings-and-nativism/.
21. ↑ "When America Hated Catholics" (in en). POLITICO Magazine. https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/09/when-america-hated-catholics-213177.
22. ↑ Batalova, Jeanne Batalova Elijah Alperin and Jeanne (2018-07-31). "European Immigrants in the United States" (in en). migrationpolicy.org. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/european-immigrants-united-states.
23. ↑ Last, Jonathan V. (2013-02-12). "America's Baby Bust" (in en-US). Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323375204578270053387770718.
24. ↑ Tolnay, S. E., Graham, S. N., & Guest, A. M. (1982). Own-child estimates of US white fertility, 1886–99. Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History, 15(3), 127-138.
25. ↑ "Immigration Timeline - The Statue of Liberty & Ellis Island". https://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/immigration-timeline.
26. ↑ "2011 National Film Registry More Than a Box of Chocolates". https://www.loc.gov/today/pr/2011/11-240.html.
27. ↑ Robert Moses Shapiro (2003). Why Didn't the Press Shout?: American & International Journalism During the Holocaust. KTAV. p. 18. ISBN 9780881257755. https://books.google.com/books?id=I3lItIwOzCkC&pg=PA18.
28. ↑ "Lebanese and Syrian Americans | Utica College". https://www.utica.edu/academic/institutes/ethnic/lebanese.cfm.
29. ↑ Heleniak, Tim (2013-06-28). "Diasporas and Development in Post-Communist Eurasia" (in en). migrationpolicy.org. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/diasporas-and-development-post-communist-eurasia.
30. ↑ "Fewer Births Than Deaths Among Whites in Majority of U.S. States" (in en). https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/20/us/white-minority-population.html.
31. ↑ Mikhail, Lyubansk. "Going Where Glenn Beck Wouldn't: Defining White Culture" (in en-US). https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/between-the-lines/201007/going-where-glenn-beck-wouldnt-defining-white-culture.
32. ↑ Ann Zimmermann, Kim (July 13, 2017). "American Culture: Traditions and Customs of the United States". Live Science. https://www.livescience.com/28945-american-culture.html.
33. ↑ "Religious Landscape Study" (in en-US). Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 2015-05-11. http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/racial-and-ethnic-composition/white/.
34. ↑ Ault, Alicia. "Did Ellis Island Officials Really Change the Names of Immigrants?" (in en). Smithsonian. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/ask-smithsonian-did-ellis-island-officials-really-change-names-immigrants-180961544/.
35. ↑ "Immigrant Names and Name Changes at Ellis Island - Genealogy.com". https://www.genealogy.com/articles/research/88_donna.html.
36. ↑ "US Office of Immigration Statistics: 2009 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics". https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/yearbook/2009/ois_yb_2009.pdf.
37. ↑ "Immigration Data & Statistics - Homeland Security". 19 July 2012. https://www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics.
38. ↑ "Marrying Out : One-in-Seven New U.S. Marriages is Interracial or Interethnic". http://pewsocialtrends.org/files/2010/10/755-marrying-out.pdf.
39. ↑ KENNETH PREWITT (August 21, 2013). ""Fix the Census' Archaic Racial Categories"". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/22/opinion/fix-the-census-archaic-racial-categories.html?pagewanted=all.The+New+York+Times]&rft.aulast=KENNETH+PREWITT&rft.au=KENNETH+PREWITT&rft.date=August+21,+2013&rft_id=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/22/opinion/fix-the-census-archaic-racial-categories.html?pagewanted=all&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Social:Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites">
40. ↑ Yglesias, Matthew (22 May 2012). "The Myth of Majority-Minority America". http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2012/05/majority_minority_america_will_more_hispanics_and_asians_become_white_.html.
41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 Gonzalex-Barrera, Ana; Lopez, Gustavo; Lopez, Mark Hugo (December 20, 2017). "Hispanic Identity Fades Across Generations as Immigrant Connections Fall Away". Pew Research Center. http://www.pewhispanic.org/2017/12/20/hispanic-identity-fades-across-generations-as-immigrant-connections-fall-away/.
42. ↑ Passel, Jeffrey S.; Livingston, Gretchen; Cohn, D’Vera (17 May 2012). "Explaining Why Minority Births Now Outnumber White Births". http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2012/05/17/explaining-why-minority-births-now-outnumber-white-births/.
43. ↑ SAM ROBERTS (June 13, 2013). ""Census Benchmark for White Americans: More Deaths Than Births"". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/13/us/census-benchmark-for-white-americans-more-deaths-than-births.html?_r=0.The+New+York+Times]&rft.aulast=SAM+ROBERTS&rft.au=SAM+ROBERTS&rft.date=June+13,+2013&rft_id=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/13/us/census-benchmark-for-white-americans-more-deaths-than-births.html?_r=0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Social:Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites">
44. ↑ Staff, By the CNN Wire (29 September 2011). "White U.S. population grows but drops in overall percentage". http://www.cnn.com/2011/09/29/us/census/index.html.
45. ↑ Tavernise, Sabrina (17 May 2012). "Whites Account for Under Half of Births in U.S.". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/17/us/whites-account-for-under-half-of-births-in-us.html.
46. ↑ "Births: Provisional Data for 2016". https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/vsrr/report002.pdf.
47. ↑ "It's official: Minority babies are the majority among the nation's infants, but only just". Pew Research Center. June 23, 2016. http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/06/23/its-official-minority-babies-are-the-majority-among-the-nations-infants-but-only-just/.
48. ↑ Exner, Rich (July 3, 2012). "Americans under age one now mostly minorities, but not in Ohio: Statistical Snapshot". The Plain Dealer (Cleveland, OH). http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2012/06/americas_under_age_1_populatio.html.
49. ↑ "2012 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". American FactFinder, U.S. Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_12_1YR_DP05&prodType=table.
50. ↑ "2010 Census". https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.2010.html.
51. ↑ "Data". https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?tid=ACSDT1Y2018.B03002&lastDisplayedRow=20&hidePreview=true&vintage=2018&layer=county&cid=B03002_001E&g=0100000US.04000.001&moe=false&tp=false.
52. ↑ "2020 Census Demographic Data Map Viewer". US Census Bureau. https://mtgis-portal.geo.census.gov/arcgis/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=2566121a73de463995ed2b2fd7ff6eb7.
53. ↑ "Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census". US Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html.
54. ↑ "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States". Census.gov. https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html.
55. ↑ "The White Population: 2000 : Percent of Population for One or More Races". https://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/mso01-wp.pdf.
56. ↑ "The White Population: 2000 : 2010 Census Briefs". https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-05.pdf.

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