Popular assembly

A popular assembly (or people's assembly) is a gathering called to address issues of importance to participants. Assemblies tend to be freely open to participation and operate by direct democracy. Some assemblies are of people from a location, some from a given workplace, industry or educational establishment others are called to address a specific issue.

The term is often used to describe gatherings that address, what participants feel are, the effects of a democratic deficit in representative democratic systems.[1] Sometimes assemblies are created to form an alternative power structure, other times they work with other forms of government.

## Contents

* 1 As a government
* 1.1 Ancient Greece
* 1.1.1 Athens
* 1.2 Modern times
* 1.2.1 New England
* 2 Examples
* 2.1 Kibbutzim (1909 - Present)
* 2.2 Free Territory of Ukraine (1918–1921)
* 2.3 Shinmin Autonomous Region (1929–1931)
* 2.4 Spanish Revolution (1936–1939)
* 2.5 FEJUVE (1979 - Present)
* 2.6 Councils of Good Government (1994 - Present)
* 2.7 Argentine economic crisis (1999–2002)
* 2.8 Barbacha (2001 - Present)
* 2.9 Oaxaca City (2006)
* 2.10 Cherán (2011 - Present)
* 2.11 Egypt (2011)
* 2.12 Rojava (2012 - Present)
* 2.13 Gezi Park (2013)
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links
* 5.1 Videos

## As a government

### Ancient Greece

#### Athens

In Athenian democracy the Ecclesia was the assembly of all male citizens. Citizens who did not engage politically were called ἰδιώτης (idiōtēs), meaning a private person, a person who is not actively interested in politics; such characters were talked about with contempt and the word eventually transformed to its modern form - idiot.

### Modern times

#### New England

The town meeting is the traditional governing body of the New England town, which in its traditional form is open to all adult residents to discuss and vote on the major issues of town government. It was founded in the colonial era as an outgrowth of church meetings, which then became secularized as a purely governmental meeting.[2] Although larger towns have since moved to more representative forms of government, it is still widely practiced in smaller and more rural communities.

The similarly named town hall meeting, where politicians meet with their constituents and discuss issues, is named after and meant to resemble the town meeting.

## Examples

* Curiate Assembly
* Bolivarian Circles
* European Assembly for Climate Justice 2010
* Occupy movement 2011
* 15M movement assemblies 2011–present

### Kibbutzim (1909 - Present)

### Free Territory of Ukraine (1918–1921)

### Shinmin Autonomous Region (1929–1931)

### Spanish Revolution (1936–1939)

### FEJUVE (1979 - Present)

### Councils of Good Government (1994 - Present)

### Argentine economic crisis (1999–2002)

During the Argentine economic crisis (1999–2002) many Argentinian citizens started engaging and organising their actions through assemblies.

After closure, the Chilvert printing press was occupied by workers who organised through an assembly. Within weeks of being reopened as a workers cooperative Chilvert printed a book called Que son las Asembleas Populares? or What are the Popular Assemblies?,[3] a collection of articles written by renowned intellectuals Miguel Bonasso, Stella Calloni and Rafael Bielsa as well as workers and participants in the assemblies.

As with other workplaces,[4] the print factory was saved from closure by the actions of a popular assembly. The military and police were blocked from entering the factory after the popular assembly of Pompeya called on barrio residents to protect the workplace. Individual police officers expressed their support for the workers and the popular assembly and successfully petitioned the judge to rescind his order to seize the factory.

The assemblies movement is reported to have spiked in power rapidly and fallen from any major significance within months. It is reported[5] that Grigera summing up his analysis of the asambleas states

> 'no matter how progressive or 'advanced' the social relationships, forms of decision-making and activities of asambleas are said to be, their small scale, lack of influence and flawed coordination between themselves and other movements render this movement unable to overcome very narrow limitations.'

### Barbacha (2001 - Present)

### Oaxaca City (2006)

### Cherán (2011 - Present)

The town of Cherán in Mexico saw armed citizens kick out the corrupt police, drug cartels, and mayor in 2011. Since then they have adopted a system of popular assemblies to govern the town, which is somewhat independent of the central government.[6]

### Egypt (2011)

### Rojava (2012 - Present)

### Gezi Park (2013)

## See also

* Autonomism
* Anarchism
* Deliberative democracy
* Direct democracy
* Landsgemeinde
* Participatory democracy
* Referendum
* Spokescouncil
* Workers' council
* Workplace democracy

## References

1. ↑ "BEYOND INSURRECTION. ARGENTINA AND NEW INTERNATIONALISM|Ana c. Dinerstein|The Commoner N.5 Autumn 2002". http://www.commoner.org.uk/dinerstein05.pdf.
2. ↑ "New England Town Meetings". http://community.weber.edu/weberreads/new_england_town_meetings.htm.
3. ↑ "Throw them all out" Argentina's grassroots rebellion|Roger Burbach|Spotlight|2 July 2002
4. ↑ The Argentine rebellion|Roger Burbach|Spotlight|21 February 2002
5. ↑ Debating the lessons of the Argentine Insurrection |Joe Craig|12 May 2006
6. ↑ Cárdenas, Lourdes. "Life Without Politicians: A Mexican Indigenous Community Finds Its Own Way" (in en-US). https://truthout.org/articles/life-without-politicians-a-mexican-indigenous-community-finds-its-own-way/.

## External links

* Peoples Assemblies - resources, news and calendar
* Website for UK Education Assembly January 2011
* Website for the European Assembly for Climate Justice November 2010
* Via Campsenia - 1000 Cancuns
* The Barcelona Assembly
* The Popular Assembly of the Peoples of Oaxaca
* Map of Canadian Peoples Assemblies on Climate Justice December 2010
* Popular Assemblies and the Growing Popular Assembly Movement - commentary from Oaxaca by Nancy Davies 4 January 2007
* Spotlight|Throw the bums out- Argentines seek break from begging loans|Roger Burbach|28 February 2002
* Spotlight|The abyss in Argentina|by Roger Burbach|5 May 2002
* Popular Assemblies in Revolts and Revolutions
* Occupy Movement, the Zapatista's and the General Assemblies
* Beyond Resistance - Fight the Cuts build Peoples Assemblies by Gerry Gold & Paul Feldman|2010
* Methods to make assemblies and meetings effective, participatory and enjoyable|Collaborative document|
* Connect with Occupy activists and community organizers who are coordinating trainings across the United States to build Popular Assemblies

### Videos

* Video of The People's Assembly during COP15 outside the Bella Centre, Copenhagen - 16 December 2009
* Peoples Assemblies Video by Dylan Strain

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