Psalter Pahlavi

Short description: Abjad which was used for writing Middle Persian on paper

Psalter Pahlavi

Sample of text taken from the Cross of Herat

Type|

Abjad

Languages| Middle Persian

Time period

| Mid-6th to 7th century CE

Parent systems

Aramaic alphabet

* Pahlavi scripts
* Psalter Pahlavi

Direction| Right-to-left
ISO 15924| `Phlp, 132`

Unicode alias

| Psalter Pahlavi

Unicode range

| U+10B80-U+10BAF
| You may need rendering support to display the uncommon Unicode characters in this page correctly.

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Psalter Pahlavi is a cursive abjad that was used for writing Middle Persian on paper; it is thus described as one of the Pahlavi scripts.[1] It was written right to left, usually with spaces between words.[1]

It takes its name from the Pahlavi Psalter, part of the Psalms translated from Syriac to Middle Persian and found in what is now western China.[2]

## Contents

* 1 Letters
* 2 Punctuation
* 3 Numbers
* 4 Unicode block
* 5 Notes
* 6 References

## Letters

Letters (Isolated Form)  Name[lower-alpha 1] | Image | Text | IPA[3]

|
|
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Aleph  |  | 𐮀 | /a/, /aː/
Beth  |  | 𐮁 | /b/, /w/
Gimel  |  | 𐮂 | /g/, /j/
Daleth  |  | 𐮃 | /d/, /j/
He  |  | 𐮄 | /h/
Waw-Ayin-Resh  |  | 𐮅 | /w/, /r/
Zayin  |  | 𐮆 | /z/
Heth  |  | 𐮇 | /h/, /x/
Yodh  |  | 𐮈 | /j/, /ē̆/, /ī̆/, /d͡ʒ/
Kaph  |  | 𐮉 | /k/, /g/
Lamedh  |  | 𐮊 | /l/, /r/
Mem-Qoph  |  | 𐮋 | /m/, /q/
Nun  |  | 𐮌 | /n/
Samekh  |  | 𐮍 | /s/, /h/
Pe  |  | 𐮎 | /p/, /b/, /f/
Sadhe  |  | 𐮏 | /t͡ʃ/, /d͡ʒ/, /z/
Shin  |  | 𐮐 | /ʃ/
Taw  |  | 𐮑 | /t/, /d/

## Punctuation

Four different large section-ending punctuation marks were used:

Mark | Description

|

Image | Text
| 𐮙 | Section mark
| 𐮚 | Turned section mark
| 𐮛 | Four dots with cross
| 𐮜 | Four dots with dot

## Numbers

Psalter Pahlavi had its own numerals:

Value | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 20 | 100

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|
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Sign | Image  |  | 30px | 30px | 30px | 30px | 30px |
Text  | 𐮩 | 𐮪 | 𐮫 | 𐮬 | 𐮭 | 𐮮 | 𐮯

Some numerals have joining behavior (with both numerals and letters).[1] Numbers are written right-to-left. Numbers without corresponding numerals are additive. For example, 96 is written as 𐮮𐮮𐮮𐮮𐮭𐮫𐮫 (20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 10 + 3 + 3).[1]

## Unicode block

Main page: Psalter Pahlavi (Unicode block)

Psalter Pahlavi script was added to the Unicode Standard in June, 2014 with the release of version 7.0.

The Unicode block is U+10B80-U+10BAF:

## Notes

1. ↑ The names are based on the corresponding Imperial Aramaic characters

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Everson, Michael; Pournader, Roozbeh (2011-05-06). "N4040: Proposal for encoding the Psalter Pahlavi script in the SMP of the UCS". Working Group Document, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2. https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2011/11147-n4040-psalter-pahlavi.pdf.
2. ↑ Encyclopædia Iranica: Pahlavi Psalter
3. ↑ Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William, eds (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press, Inc. pp. 518. ISBN 978-0195079937. https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195079937/page/518.

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