Sugar baby

Short description: Person in romantic relationship for financial benefits

Sugar dating, also called sugaring,[1] is a transactional dating practice typically characterized by an older wealthier person and a younger person in need of financial assistance partaking in a mutually beneficial relationship. According to the Oxford English Dictionary (2017), the term "sugar" is slang, but is often used as a modifier to "sweeten" something or as a euphemism for money.[2] Payment can be received by way of money, gifts, support or other material benefits in exchange for companionship or a dating-like relationship.[3][4] The person who receives the gifts is called a sugar baby, while their paying partner is called a sugar daddy or sugar momma.[5]

Sugar dating is especially popular in the online dating community due to the easy access to specific niches and desires.[6]

## Contents

* 1 Prevalence
* 2 Legality and comparison to sex work
* 3 See also
* 4 References

## Prevalence

With the rising costs in tuition, cuts to scholarships and bursaries, as well as the increasing pressures of student debt, sugar dating is especially prevalent among students.[7] Research suggests that there is a growing phenomenon of female university students working in the sex industry to pay for their post-secondary education.[8] Due to the nature and stigmatization of sex work in the marginalized and hidden population, there is limited information for the percentage of students participating in these types of relationships.[2]

The websites used to negotiate sugar arrangements are technically dating sites and what happens after the initial date, whether involving sexual or other activities, is between the parties. Membership on one site in 2016 was $70 per month for sugar daddies, but free for sugar babies.[9]

Though students make up a large portion of sugar babies, the practice is not exclusive to students, as it also exists in older age ranges.[10] Described in 2015 as an expanding trend,[7] sugar dating is most prevalent in the United States, followed by Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Colombia.[1]

## Legality and comparison to sex work

There is debate about whether this practice can be considered sex work, i.e., purchase of intimate attention, sexual or otherwise.[11] In an article from Deutsche Welle, the CEO of SeekingArrangement denied that the site played host to prostitutes and their customers, saying that "escorts and their clients are never welcome on our sites". One woman who used the site made it clear that she did not want to sell sex and that she did not see herself as an escort. Another user, a man, admitted that the "economic power relationship is very noticeable" between him and his sugar daddy and that he sometimes had to have sex with his sugar daddy when he did not want to.[12]

Sugaring has been called the modern-day counterpart of the 17th-century courtesan,[13][14] "a prostitute, especially one with wealthy or upper-class clients."

Sugar dating sites were affected by the 2018 Stop Enabling Sex Traffickers Act passed by the U.S. Senate, which prompted the closure of many sugar dating sites operating in the U.S. This included Established Men, a sugar dating site owned by the parent company of Ashley Madison, Ruby Corp, and the personals section of Craigslist.[15]

## See also

* Age disparity in sexual relationships
* Client (prostitution)
* Enjo kōsai
* Gigolo
* Girlfriend experience
* Gold digger
* Mistress (lover)
* Prostitution
* Transactional sex
* Treating (dating)
* Trophy wife

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pardiwalla, Anahita (20 April 2016). "Sugaring: A New Kind of Irresistible". https://www.huffingtonpost.com/anahita-pardiwalla/post_10274_b_9683356.html.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Daly, Sarah (2017). "Sugar Babies and Sugar Daddies: An Exploration of Sugar Dating on Canadian Campuses". Carleton University: 9–15.
3. ↑ Nelson, Rochelle (6 November 2014). "'Sugar Baby' Reveals Why Married Men Cheat with Her for Thousands of Dollars". https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/11/06/sugar-babies_n_6112290.html.
4. ↑ Motyl, J (2013). "Trading sex for college tuition: How sugar daddy "dating" sites may be sugarcoating prostitution". Penn State Law Review 117 (3): 927–957.
5. ↑ "Meaning of sugar daddy in English". 30 March 2019. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/sugar-daddy.
6. ↑ "Sugardaddie.com Dating Blog Meeting Online: The Past, Present and Future of Dating | Sugardaddie.com" (in en-US). 2018-04-13. https://sugardaddie.com/blog/meeting-online-the-past-present-and-future-of-dating/.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Ross, Terrance F. (15 January 2015). "Where the Sugar Babies Are". The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2015/01/-the-sugar-babies-are/384547/. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
8. ↑ Cordero, Brittany (2015). "Sugar Culture and SeekingArrangement.com Participants: What it Means to Negotiate Power and Agency in Sugar Dating". California State University.
9. ↑ Hernandez, Elizabeth (13 May 2016). "Colorado 'Sugar Babies' Use Online Dating to Cover Soaring Tuition". The Denver Post. http://www.denverpost.com/news/ci_29886103/colorado-sugar-babies-use-online-dating-cover-soaring. "Local law enforcement agencies say that because the site was set up like a dating website and advertised as facilitating consensual connections, it is not illegal."
10. ↑ Thistlethwaite, Felicity (25 November 2015). "Is this the SEXIEST calendar yet? SugarDaters strip off in the name of DATING" (in en). Reach plc. https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/style/621641/Sexy-calendar-pictures-girls-underwear-dating.
11. ↑ Juan Fernández, Jorge de (2019). "El fenómeno sugar babies". 21\. La Revista Cristiana de Hoy 1029: 38–41. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331833316.
12. ↑ Sex work or companionship? 'Sugar Dating' is growing in popularity, from Deutsche Welle
13. ↑ Lawson, Leidra (2002) (in en). Sugar Daddy 101: What You Need to Know If You Want to be a Sugar Baby. Sugar Daddy 101. ISBN 9780972760805. https://books.google.com/books?id=LEWWcO1VbdgC&q=sugar+baby+courtesan&pg=PA38.
14. ↑ Agrell, Siri (July 19, 2007). "Sugar daddies finding sugar babies". The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/relationships/sugar-daddies-finding-sugar-babies/article570146/.
15. ↑ Cole, Samantha (23 March 2018). "Craigslist Just Nuked Its Personal Ads Section Because of a Sex-Trafficking Bill" (in en). https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/wj75ab/craigslist-personal-ads-sesta-fosta.

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