Type site

Short description: Archaeological site that defines a culture

This page is about an archaeological type site. For a geological type site, see type locality (geology).

In archaeology, a type site (American English) or type-site (British English) is the site used to define a particular archaeological culture or other typological unit, which is often named after it.[1][2] For example, discoveries at La Tène and Hallstatt led scholars to divide the European Iron Age into the La Tène culture and Hallstatt culture, named after their respective type sites.[3]

The concept is similar to type localities in geology and type specimens in biology.

## Contents

* 1 Notable type sites
* 1.1 Africa
* 1.2 East Asia
* 1.3 Europe
* 1.4 Mesoamerica
* 1.5 Near East
* 1.6 Northern America
* 1.7 Oceania
* 1.8 South Asia
* 2 References

## Notable type sites

### Africa

* Nok (Kaduna, Nigeria), of the Nok culture

### East Asia

* Banpo (Yangshao culture, Neolithic Yangshao culture, China)
* Liangzhu Town, near Hangzhou (Liangzhu culture, Neolithic, China)
* Songguk-ri (Middle Mumun culture, southern Korea)
* Suemura cluster of kilns – Kilns of Sue pottery (Middle and Late Kofun period, Osaka, Japan)
* Sanage cluster of kilns — Kilns of Green Glazed Ware (ja) and Ash Glazed Ware (ja) (Nara and Heian period, Aichi Prefecture, Japan)

### Europe

* a river terrace of the River Somme (Abbeville, France), of the Abbevillian culture
* Aurignac (Haute Garonne, France), of the Aurignacian culture
* Hallstatt (Salzkammergut, Austria), of the Hallstatt culture
* La Tène, Neuchâtel, Switzerland, of the La Tène culture
* Vinča, Belgrade, Serbia, of the Vinča culture
* Abri de la Madeleine (Dordogne, France), of the Magdalenian culture
* Le Moustier (Dordogne, France), of the Mousterian culture
* Saint Acheul (near Amiens, France), of the Acheulean culture
* Butmir (near Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina), of the Butmir culture
* Cucuteni (Romania) and Trypillia (Ukraine), of the Cucuteni–Trypillia culture

### Mesoamerica

* Uaxactun (Maya civilization, Dept.of Peten, Guatemala)
* Dzibilchaltun (Maya civilization, northern Yucatan, Mexico)
* Monte Albán (Zapotec civilization, Oaxaca, Mexico)

### Near East

* Tell Halaf, Syria, for the Halaf culture
* Tell Hassuna, Iraq, for the Hassuna culture
* Jemdet Nasr, Iraq, for the Jemdet Nasr period
* Tell al-'Ubaid, Iraq, for the Ubaid period
* Uruk, Iraq, for the Uruk period

### Northern America

* Folsom, New Mexico (Folsom Tradition), United States
* Clovis, New Mexico (Clovis culture), United States: generally accepted as the type site for one of the earliest human cultures in the North America
* La Plata County, Colorado (Basketmaker II period of the Anasazi culture), United States
* Barton Gulch of the Blackwater Draw Paleo-Indian culture
* Adena Mound (Adena culture), United States
* Borax Lake Site, for two of the earliest cultural traditions in California: the Post Pattern and Borax Lake Pattern.

### Oceania

* New Caledonia, of the Lapita culture.

### South Asia

* Kot Diji (Pre-Indus civilization, Pakistan)
* Harappa (Indus civilization, Punjab, northeast Pakistan)

## References

1. ↑ Darvill, Timothy (2009). "type-site". The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199534043.001.0001. ISBN 9780191727139. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199534043.001.0001/acref-9780199534043-e-4397.
2. ↑ Kipfer, Barbara Ann (2000). "type site". Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. p. 580. ISBN 978-0-306-46158-3.
3. ↑ Kaeser, Marc-Antoine (2019) (in fr). La Tène, ou la construction d'un site éponyme. Drémil-Lafage: Editions Mergoil. ISBN 9782355180927. https://www.academia.edu/39018189.

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