Vizier (Ancient Egypt)

Short description: Highest rank of official in Ancient Egypt

Statue of Hemiunu, vizier and designer of Khufu's pyramid, at the Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum Hildesheim, Germany. His feet rest on columns of hieroglyphs, painted in yellow, red, brown, and black. <hiero>G47-t:Z1-A1</hiero>

style="background: Template:Hiero/nk/bgcolour; border-bottom: 1px solid Template:Hiero/nk/bordercolour; padding: 0.5em" | Vizier (Tjaty)
in hieroglyphs

The vizier was the highest official in ancient Egypt to serve the pharaoh (king) during the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms.[1] Vizier is the generally accepted rendering of ancient Egyptian tjati, tjaty etc., among Egyptologists.[2] The Instruction of Rekhmire (Installation of the Vizier), a New Kingdom text, defines many of the duties of the tjaty, and lays down codes of behavior. The viziers were often appointed by the pharaoh. During the 4th Dynasty and early 5th Dynasty, viziers were exclusively drawn from the royal family; from the period around the reign of Neferirkare Kakai onwards, they were chosen according to loyalty and talent or inherited the position from their fathers.[3]

## Contents

* 1 Responsibilities
* 2 Installation of the Vizier
* 3 List of viziers
* 3.1 Early Dynastic period
* 3.2 Old Kingdom
* 3.3 Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period
* 3.4 New Kingdom
* 3.5 Third Intermediate Period
* 3.6 Late Period
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Responsibilities

The viziers were appointed by the pharaohs. The vizier's paramount duty was to supervise the running of the country, much like a prime minister. At times this included small details such as sampling the city's water supply.[4] All other lesser supervisors and officials, such as tax collectors and scribes, reported to the vizier. The judiciary was part of the civil administration, and the vizier also sat in the High Court. At any time, the pharaoh could exert his own control over any aspect of government, overriding the vizier's decisions. The vizier also supervised the security of the pharaoh and the palace by overseeing the comings and goings of palace visitors.[5] The viziers often acted as the pharaoh's seal bearer as well, and the vizier would record trade.[6] From the Fifth Dynasty onwards, viziers, who by then were the highest civilian bureaucratic official, held supreme responsibility for the administration of the palace and government, including jurisdiction, scribes, state archives, central granaries, treasury, storage of surplus products and their redistribution, and supervision of building projects such as the royal pyramid.[5] In the New Kingdom, there was a vizier for Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt each.[7]

## Installation of the Vizier

According to the Installation of the Vizier, a New Kingdom document describing the office of the vizier, there were certain traits and behaviors that were required to be a vizier:

* Act by the law
* Judge fairly
* Do not act willfully or headstrong

## List of viziers

### Early Dynastic period

Viziers of the Early Dynastic period Vizier | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments

|
|
|

Rekhit | Narmer | 1st Dynasty | Retired to look after the estates of Neithhotep their older years
Saiset | Hor-Aha | 1st Dynasty | Served as administrator of the Memphite region
Amka | Djer, Djet and Merneith's regency | 1st Dynasty | Served as administrator of Her-sekhenti-dju. Retired as overseer of Royal Estates in the Delta
Sewadjka | Djet and Den | 1st Dynasty | Retired as overseer of Her-sekhenti-dju, one of the most prestigious offices of the 1st Dynasty
Hemaka | Den | 1st Dynasty | Served as royal sealbearer and chancellor. First non-royal to hold such a position. First dual chancellor over Her-sekhenti-dju and Her-tepi-khet
Henu-Ka | Semerkhet and Qa'a | 1st Dynasty | Served both Pharaohs and supported Qa'a in his early reign
Menka | Ninetjer? | 2nd Dynasty | Earliest known holder of the simplified direct title known as 'Tjaty,' during an era of an overly complex state administration

### Old Kingdom

Viziers of the Old Kingdom Vizier | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments

|
|
|

Kagemni I | Sneferu | 4th Dynasty | Purported author of the Instructions of Kagemni. Not attested in contemporary sources,
Nefermaat I | Khufu | 4th Dynasty | Son of Sneferu and father of Hemiunu
Hemiunu | Khufu | 4th Dynasty | Nefermaat's son, believed to have designed Khufu's pyramid
Kawab | Khufu | 4th Dynasty | Eldest son and vizier of Khufu
Ankhhaf | Khafre | 4th Dynasty | Son of Sneferu
Nefermaat II | Khafre | 4th Dynasty | Nephew of Nefermaat the Elder, a son of Nefertkau I; a grandson of Sneferu
Minkhaf | Khafre | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khufu, vizier under Khafre
Khufukhaef | Khafre | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khufu, vizier under Khafre
Nikaure | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khafre
Ankhmare | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khafre
Duaenre | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Son of Khafre, vizier during the late 4th dynasty
Nebemakhet | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Son of Queen Meresankh III
Iunmin I | Menkaure | 4th Dynasty | Possibly son of Khafre, vizier during the late 4th dynasty
Babaef II | Shepseskaf | 4th Dynasty | Grandson of Khafre
|  |  |
Seshathotep Heti | Userkaf, early 5th Dynasty | 5th Dynasty | It is not certain if Seshathetep held the titles of a vizier.
Sekhemkare | Userkaf and Sahure | 5th Dynasty | Son of Khafre and queen Hekenuhedjet.
Werbauba | Sahure | 5th Dynasty |
Washptah | Sahure and Neferirkare Kakai | 5th Dynasty |
Minnefer | Nyuserre Ini | 5th Dynasty |
Ptahshepses | Nyuserre Ini | 5th Dynasty | Became the son-in-law of Nyuserre Ini some time after his ascension to the throne.
Kay | Nyuserre Ini | 5th Dynasty |
Pehenuikai | Nyuserre Ini | 5th Dynasty |
Ptahhotep Desher | Menkauhor or Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty |
Ptahhotep | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty |
Seshemnefer (III) | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty |
Ptahhotep I | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty | Purported author of The Maxims of Ptahhotep
Akhethotep | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty | Son of Ptahhotep I.
Senedjemib Inti | Djedkare Isesi | 5th Dynasty |
Ptahhotep II | Unas | 5th Dynasty |
Akhethetep Hemi | Unas | 5th Dynasty |
Ihy | Unas | 5th Dynasty |
Niankhba | Unas | 5th Dynasty |
Sekhem-ankh-Ptah |  | 5th Dynasty or 6th Dynasty | Dating uncertain, may have been the son-in-law of a king.
|  |  |
Senedjemib Mehi |  | 6th Dynasty | possible son-in-law of Unas (or Djedkare Isesi), vizier during the early 6th dynasty
Nefersheshemre | Teti | 6th Dynasty |
Kagemni | Teti | 6th Dynasty | son-in-law of Teti
Mereruka | Teti | 6th Dynasty | son-in-law of Teti
Khentika | Teti | 6th Dynasty |
Mehu | Teti | 6th Dynasty |
Ankhmahor | Teti - Pepi I | 6th Dynasty |
Merefnebef | Userkare | 6th Dynasty | Merefnebef was also named Fefi and Unasankh
Heri | Teti - Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | May have participated in the assassination of Teti
Meryteti | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | grandson of Teti, son of Mereruka
Iunmin II | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty |
Nebet | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | First woman appointed vizier, mother-in-law of Pepi I
Inenek-Inti | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | Consort of Pepi I
Tjetju | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty |
Qar | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty |
Djau | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty | brother-in-law of Pepi I, son of Nebet
Rawer (vizier) | Pepi I | 6th Dynasty |
Weni | Merenre Nemtyemsaf I | 6th Dynasty | Likely the same person as vizier Neferwenmeryre
Teti (vizier) | Pepi II | 6th Dynasty |
|  |  |
Shemay | Neferkaure - Neferkauhor | 8th Dynasty | son-in-law of Neferkauhor, nomarch of Coptos, later vizier
Idy | Neferirkare(?) | 8th Dynasty | son of Shemay

### Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period

Viziers of the Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period Vizier | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments

|
|
|

Bebi | Mentuhotep II | 11th Dynasty |
Dagi | Mentuhotep II | 11th Dynasty |
Amenemhat | Mentuhotep IV | 11th Dynasty | He later became king as Amenemhat I, first Pharaoh of the 12th Dynasty
|  |  |
Ipi | Amenemhat I | 12th Dynasty |
Intefiqer | Amenemhat I
Senusret I | 12th Dynasty | He is indicated in the Wadi el-Hudi as being involved in military missions in Lower Nubia.[5]
Senusret | Senusret I
Amenemhat II | 12th Dynasty |
Ameny | Amenemhat II | 12th Dynasty |
Amenemhat-ankh | Amenemhat II (?)[8] | 12th Dynasty |
Siese | Amenemhat II | 12th Dynasty |
Nebit | Senusret III | 12th Dynasty |
Khnumhotep III | Senusret III | 12th Dynasty |
Kheti | Amenemhat III | 12th Dynasty |
Ameny | Amenemhat III | 12th Dynasty | [9]
Zamonth | Amenemhat III | 12th Dynasty | [9]
Senewosret-Ankh (vizier) |  | End 12th Dynasty
Beginning 13th Dynasty |
|  |  |
Khenmes | [9] | 13th Dynasty |
Ankhu | Khendjer | 13th Dynasty |
Resseneb |  | 13th dynasty | Son of Ankhu[10]
Iymeru |  | 13th Dynasty | Son of Ankhu[10]
Neferkare Iymeru | Sobekhotep IV | 13th Dynasty |
Sobka called Bebi[11] |  | 13th Dynasty |
Ibiaw[11] | Ibiaw or Ay | 13th Dynasty |
Sonbhenaf[11] | Ibiaw or Ay, or Djehuti | uncertain |
Aya[11] | Ini I | 13th Dynasty | Aya was Governor of El Kab before being appointed vizier in year 1 of Ini I, as reported in the Juridical Stela
Ayameru[11] |  | 13th Dynasty | Ayameru was the younger son of Aya and succeeded him in office, as reported in the Juridical Stela

### New Kingdom

Viziers of the New Kingdom Vizier of the South (Thebes) | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments

|
|
|

Tetinefer | Ahmose I? | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the North (Memphis)
Imhotep | Thutmose I | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Aakheperreseneb | Thutmose I | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Amethu called Ahmose | Thutmose II, Hatshepsut, Thutmose III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Useramen | Hatshepsut, Thutmose III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Neferweben | Thutmose III | 18th Dynasty | Likely Vizier of the North
Rekhmire | Thutmose III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Amenemipet called Pairy | Amenhotep II, Thutmose IV | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Seny | Thutmose IV | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Hepu | Thutmose IV | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Thutmose | Thutmose IV | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Ptahmose | Amenhotep III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Amenhotep-Huy | Amenhotep III | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Aperel | Amenhotep III, Akhenaten | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Ramose | Amenhotep III, Akhenaten | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Nakhtpaaten | Akhenaten | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Pentu | Tutankhamen | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Usermontu | Tutankhamen | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Ay ? | Tutankhamen | 18th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, succeeded Tutankhamen as Pharaoh
Paramessu | Horemheb | 18th Dynasty | Later took the throne as Ramesses I
Nebamun | Horemheb, Ramesses I, Seti I, Ramesses II | 18th Dynasty, 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Prince Seti[citation needed] | Ramesses I | 19th Dynasty |
Hatiay | Seti I, Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North?
Paser (Vizier) | Seti I, Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Nehi | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Khay | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, ca. Year 27-45
Thutmose | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, ca. Year 45–50.
Prehotep I | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North in ca year 40.
Prehotep II | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North in ca year 50.
Neferronpet | Ramesses II | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South in ca year 50
Panehesy | Merenptah | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Pensekhmet | Merenptah | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Year 8
Merysekhmet | Merenptah | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the North, Year 3?
Amenmose | Seti II and Amenmesse | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Khaemtir | Seti II and Amenmesse | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Paraemheb | Seti II and Amenmesse | 19th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Hori II | Seti II, Siptah, Twosret, Sethnakht and Ramesses III | 19th Dynasty |
Iuty |  | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the North?
Nehi? | Ramesses III | 20th Dynasty |
Hewernef | Ramesses III | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
To | Ramesses III | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Neferronpe | Ramesses IV to Ramesses VI | 20th Dynasty | Vizier
Nehy | Ramesses VI | 20th Dynasty | Vizier, son of Neferronpe
Mentehetef (Montu-hir-hetef) | Ramesses IX | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Wennefer | Ramesses IX | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Nebmarenakht also called Saht(a)-nefer | Ramesses IX, Ramesses X and Ramesses XI | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Khaemwaset | Ramesses IX | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Nebmarenakht (again) | Ramesses IX | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Herihor | Ramesses XI | 20th Dynasty | Vizier of the South

### Third Intermediate Period

Viziers of the South[12] Vizier | Pharaoh | year | Dynasty | Comments

|
|
|
|

Herihor | Smendes I | c. 1075 B.C. | 21st Dynasty |
Pinedjem I | Smendes I | c. 1070 B.C. | 21st Dynasty |
Amenhirpamesha | Psusennes I | c. 1040 B.C. | 21st Dynasty |
Neseramun (A) | Siamun | c. 960 B.C. | 21st Dynasty | Son of Nebneteru (ii) a Letter Writer to the Pharaoh
Padimut (A) | Shoshenq I | c. 930 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Ia-o | Osorkon I | c. 900 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Rudpamut | Takelot I | c. 880 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Hor(y) | Takelot I | c. 876 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Hori | Takelot II | c. 845? B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Iutjek?
Nespakheshuty A | Takelot II | c. 835 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Harsiese D | Shoshenq III | c. 825 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Hor (viii) | Shoshenq III | c. 820 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Pentyefankh | Pedubast I | c. 815 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Harsiese E | Shoshenq III / Shoshenq IV | c. 790 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Djedkhonsefankh E | Shoshenq III / Osorkon III | c. 780 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Nakhtefmut C | Shoshenq III / Osorkon III | c. 775 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Hor x | Osorkon III | c. 770 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Nakhtefmut C
Pamiu | Osorkon III | c. 765 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Pakharu | Takelot III | c. 760 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Pamiu
Ankh-Osorkon | Rudamun | c. 755 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Pediamonet | Iuput II | c. 750 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Pamiu
Harsiese F | Iuput II | c. 745 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Nesmin A | Iuput II | c. 740 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Harsiese F
Ankh-hor | Iuput II | c. 730 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Nespakheshuty B | Iuput II | c. 725 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty |
Pediese | Iuput II | c. 720 B.C. | 22nd-23rd Dynasty | Son of Harsiese F?
|  |  |
Khamhor A | ? |  | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Son of Harsiese F
Harsiese G Pahrer | ? |  | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Son of Khamhor A
Nesmin B | ? |  | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Son of Khamhor A
Mentuhotep | ? |  | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Nespaqashuty C | Shebitku |  | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Harsiese R | ? |  | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Nespamedu | Taharqa |  | 25th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, Son of Nespaqashuty C
Nespaqashuty D | ? |  | 25th-26th Dynasty | Vizier of the South, buried in TT312, Son of Nespademu
Djedkare | ? |  | 25th-26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North

### Late Period

Viziers of the Late Period[13] Vizier | Pharaoh | Dynasty | Comments

|
|
|

Sasobek | Psamtik I | 25th-26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Nasekheperensekhmet | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Bakenrenef | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Ankhwennefer | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Iry |  | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Djedwebasettiuefankh |  | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the South
Iufaa | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North, father of Gemenefhorbak
Gemenefhorbak | Psamtik I | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Harsomtusemhat |  | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Psamtek-Meryneit | Amasis II | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Pasherientaihet | Amasis II | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
Horsiese |  | 26th Dynasty | Vizier of the North
|  |  |
Psamtikseneb | Nectanebo II | 30th Dynasty |

## See also

* Vizier
* Shogun

## References

1. ↑ Shaw, Ian (2002). The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-0-19-280293-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=J-rIO6BBh6IC&q=vizier.
2. ↑ Template:GardinerReference
3. ↑ M. Heimlich, “Ancient Egyptian Literature”, vol.2, pp.21ff.[date missing]
4. ↑ Goddard, J (2012). Public Health Entomology. Starkville: CRC Press.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Ancient Egyptian administration. Moreno Garcia, Juan Carlos. Leiden, The Netherlands. 2013. ISBN 9789004249523. OCLC 849248179.
6. ↑ [1]
7. ↑ Jane Bingham, Fiona Chandler, Jane Chisholm, Gill Harvey, Lisa Miles,Struan Reid, and Sam Taplin "The Usborne Internet-Linked Encyclopedia of the Ancient World" page 80 [clarification needed][date missing]
8. ↑ W. Grajetzki: Court Officials of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom, London 2009, ISBN 978-0-7156-3745-6, p. 169
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Grajetzki: Court Officials, 169
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Grajetzki: Court Officials, 170
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Kim Ryholt, The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c.1800-1550 B.C." Museum Tuscolanum Press, 1997. p.192 (ISBN 87-7289-421-0)
12. ↑ Kitchen, Kenneth A. The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt, 1100-650 B.C. (Book & Supplement) Aris & Phillips. 1986 , Table 15, pg 483
13. ↑ Viziers by Anneke Bart

## External links

* Ancient Egyptian government and the role of viziers
* The vizierate
* aldokkan.com

* v
* t
* e

Ancient Egypt topics

* Glossary of artifacts
* Index
* Main topics

* Agriculture
* Architecture
* Revival
* Obelisks
* Pylon
* Ancient Egyptian race controversy
* Art
* Portraiture
* Astronomy
* Chronology
* Cities
* List
* Clothing
* Cuisine
* Dance
* Dynasties
* Funerary practices
* Geography
* Great Royal Wives
* List
* Hieroglyphs
* Cursive hieroglyphs
* History
* Language
* Demotic
* Hieratic
* Literature
* Mathematics
* Medicine
* Military
* Music
* Mythology
* People
* Pharaohs
* List
* Titulary
* Philosophy
* Population history of Egypt
* Pottery
* Prehistoric Egypt
* Religion
* Scribes
* Sites
* Capitals
* District
* Technology
* Trade
* Egypt–Mesopotamia relations

* Egyptology
* Egyptologists
* Museums

*   * Category
* Commons
* Outline
* WikiProject

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizier (Ancient Egypt). Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Social:Vizier_(Ancient_Egypt)&oldid=985204"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template