Comparison of Internet forum software

Short description: General features of Internet forum software

For Forum systems that operated over pre-Internet connectionns (used dial-up modems), see Software:List of BBS software.

This article outlines the general features commonly found in various Internet forum software packages. It highlights major features that the manager of a forum might want and should expect to be commonly available in different forum software. These comparisons do not include remotely hosted services which use their own proprietary software, rather than offering a package for download which webmasters can host by themselves.

## Contents

* 1 General information
* 2 Features
* 2.1 Flat vs. threaded
* 2.2 User-selectable themes
* 2.3 Unread message tracking
* 2.4 Export, portability
* 2.5 Email/NNTP interface
* 2.6 Languages
* 2.7 Single sign-on
* 2.8 Post drafts
* 3 Other features
* 3.1 Duplicate thread prevention
* 3.2 Forum spam defenses
* 3.3 User-friendly URLs
* 4 See also
* 5 References

## General information

Basic general information about the forums: creator/company, license, etc. Systems listed on a light purple background are no longer in active development.

| Creator  | Latest release date  | Current stable version  | Programming language | Supported databases  | License

|
|
|
|
|
|

bbPress[1] | WordPress Foundation  |  |  | PHP[2] | MariaDB, MySQL[3] | GPL[4]
Beehive Forum[5] | Project Beehive Forum Developers  | 2016-11-05  | 1.5.2  | PHP | MySQL[6] | GPL
Discourse[7] | Civilized Discourse Construction Kit, Inc.  | Template:Discourse (software) version | Template:Discourse (software) version | Ruby, JavaScript | PostgreSQL[8] | GPL
Discuz![9] | Comsenz Inc.  | 2022-12-31  | X3.5  | PHP | MariaDB, MySQL[10] | Proprietary
Flarum[11] | Flarum B.V.  | 2025-03-12  | 1.8.10  | PHP | MySQL, MariaDB[12] | MIT
FluxBB[13] | FluxBB.org Developers  | 2018-12-31  | 1.5.11  | PHP | MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite[14] | GPL
FUDforum[15] | Advanced Internet Designs Inc.  | ; 0 seconds ago  |  | PHP | MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, SQLite[16] | GPL
Ikonboard[17] | Matt Mecham (original creator) Joshua Johnson  | 2012-10-19  | 3.1.5A  | Perl | MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL | Proprietary
Invision Power Board[18] | Invision Power Services Inc.  | 2024-11-12  | 4.7.19[19] | PHP | MariaDB, MySQL[20] | Proprietary
MyBB[21] | MyBB Group  | ; 0 seconds ago  |  | PHP | MariaDB, MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite[22] | LGPL, moving to BSD in 2.0[23]
Phorum[24] | Brian Moon  | 2017-08-23  | 5.2.23  | PHP | MySQL[25] | Phorum License 2 (BSD like)
phpBB[26] | phpBB Ltd. | ; 0 seconds ago  |  | PHP | MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, SQLite, SQL Server[27] | GPL
PunBB[28] | PunBB  | ; 0 seconds ago  |  | PHP | MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite[29] | GPL
Simple Machines Forum[30] | Simple Machines  | ; 0 seconds ago  |  | PHP | MariaDB, MySQL, PostgreSQL[31] | BSD License
Syndie[32] | Anonymous (related to I2P)  | 2016-08-14  | 1.107b  | Java |  | Open source, multiple licenses
Vanilla Forums[33] | Vanilla Forums | 2022-09-27  | 2022.019[34] | PHP | MariaDB, MySQL, Percona Server[35] | GPL[36]
vBulletin[37] | vBulletin Solutions Inc.  | ; 0 seconds ago  |  | PHP[38] | MariaDB, MySQL[39] | Proprietary[40]
XenForo | XenForo Limited, Kier Darby, Mike Sullivan  | ; 0 seconds ago  |  | PHP[41] | MySQL[42] | Proprietary
WoltLab Suite Forum  | WoltLab GmbH  | 2025-04-15  | 6.1.7  | PHP | MariaDB, MySQL | Proprietary (Forum); LGPL 2.1 (Core)
| Creator  | Latest release date  | Current stable version  | Programming language | Supported databases  | License

## Features

| Flat  | Threaded  | User selectable themes  | Unread message tracking  | WYSIWYG Editor | Export, portability  | Email / NNTP interface  | Languages  | SSO

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

bbPress  | Yes[43] |  |  |  |  | No[44] | Plugin[45][46] | Yes[47] |
Beehive Forum | Yes[43] | Yes[43] | Partial[43] | Full[43] | Yes[43] (using TinyMCE)  | Partial[48] |  |  |
Discourse | Yes  | No[49] | Yes[50] | Full  | Real-time side-by-side preview  | Full[51] | Partial[52] | Yes[53][54] | OAuth2,[55] Custom[56]
Discuz! | Yes[57] | No[58] | Yes[59] | No  | Yes[60] | Yes[61] | No  | Yes[62][63] | No
FluxBB | Yes[43] | No[43] | Partial[43] | Session[43] | No[43] |  |  | Yes[64] |
FUDforum | Yes[43] | Yes[43] | Yes[43] | Full[43] | Yes[43] | Partial[65] | Yes[66] | Yes[67] |
Invision Power Board  | Yes[43] |  | Yes[43] | Full[43] | Yes[43] |  | No[68] |  | Yes (LDAP, OAuth, Others) [69]
MyBB[70] | Yes[43] | Yes[43] | Yes[43] | Full[43] | Yes[43] | No[71] | No[72][73] | Yes[74] |
Phorum | Yes[43] | Yes[43] | Yes[43] | Full[43] | Yes[43] | Plugin[75] |  | No[76] |
phpBB[77] | Yes[43] | No[43] | Yes[43] | Full[43] | No[43] | No[78] | No[79][80] | Yes[81] | Yes (LDAP, OAuth)[82]
PunBB[83] | Yes[43] |  | Yes[43] | Session[43] |  |  |  | No[84][85] |
Simple Machines Forum | Yes[43] | No[43] | Yes[43] | Full[43] | Yes[43] | Partial [86] | No[87] | Yes[88] |
Vanilla Forums | Yes[43] |  | Yes[43] | Yes[43] | Plugin[43] | Plugin [89][90] |  | Yes[91] | Yes[92]
vBulletin[93] | Yes[43] | No  | Yes[43] | Full[43] | Yes[43] | Plugin[94][95] | No  | No[96] |
XenForo | Yes[43] | No[97] | Yes[43] | Full[43] | Yes[43] | Yes[98] | No  | Yes[99] | Yes[100]

### Flat vs. threaded

* A flat forum is one where each message is added onto the end of the discussion, with no set relation to any prior messages (other than being on the same discussion topic — except in case of Off-Topic posting). But, there is normally a feature to 'quote' another user's post, to allow referencing back to other posts.
* A threaded forum is one where users can specify their message is a reply to an existing message. Threaded forums can display relationships between message topics and associated replies, such as by indenting replies and placing them below the post they reference. Threaded forums are most commonly used for discussions where individual messages tend to be short, such as on social news sites (e.g. Slashdot or reddit), or in commenting systems like Disqus.

### User-selectable themes

Most forums provide an option for the forum owner to customize the look and feel. Some forums also allow the administrator to create multiple styles or themes, and allow the user to choose which one they wish to view. Themes may simply be a different set of colors and graphics, or they may involve a different layout to the forum, such as one optimized for small-screen devices.

The comparison table shows whether a forum software allows forum administrators to customise the "template" of the forum (or specific sections thereof) without altering the released code. Support is considered partial where it is only possible to add CSS rules in this way.[43]

### Unread message tracking

Unread message tracking refers to the way that is used by forum software to track and display messages that have not yet been read by the current user. This can be one of the following:

* Session — when a user's session starts, this method relies on the user's "last visit time" to display all messages created since that date as unread. Everything that was posted before "last visit time" is considered "read" regardless of whether the user has actually seen it or not. Until the user's session expires, this method properly tracks read/unread messages, starting with messages that were selected as "unread" when the user's session started. This method is broadly used, due to the simplicity and speed benefits of only storing and checking against a single database value.
* Full — forum software which records in the persistent database what messages have been read or unread by each user, regardless of user session expiration. Some forum software also allows the user to 'mark as unread', so that they can come back to a message later.

### Export, portability

This column judges the ability to allow users to export data from the forum installation and then import it in new installations of the same software (cf. right to fork and data portability) or feed it to data conversion tools.

Software portability is a key assessment criterion for the choice and procurement of software.[101]

### Email/NNTP interface

Whether the software can be used with standard Email or NNTP clients. Adoption of standard protocols is key for interoperability.[102]

### Languages

Whether the internationalization and localization of the software are sufficient to both allow and actually provide grammatically correct support for the native language of the target users.[103]

For the purposes of this table, we consider languages used by a number of installations/users equal to at least 1% of the top million web properties using that software,[104] without major reported bugs in support.

### Single sign-on

Single sign-on is often required to enhance web accessibility of the application.[105] This can be accomplished with standards like OAuth and OpenID.

### Post drafts

To prevent loss of content from browser crashes and the like, forum software may be equipped with the ability to automatically save unfinished posts as drafts, like some word processor and text editor software.

Drafts may be stored server-side (in the forum account) or client-side (browser's local storage). The former benefits from the ability to immediately resume drafts on another device, whereas the latter allows saving drafts while internet is disconnected and slightly reduces bandwidth consumption.

## Other features

### Duplicate thread prevention

Automatic recommendation systems based on content and users can help forum users find existing discussions similar to those they are browsing or on the topic they are searching,[106] or else reach the correct users with their posts, avoiding to "spam" the forum with duplicate or off-topic posts.[107]

Many users do not bother to search a forum and directly create new threads to seek an answer to a question. On some forums, when the user types a new thread subject, the forum software brings up similar threads automatically on the side. This helps keep the number of redundant threads (or the overall forum pollution) to a lower level as users who neglect to search for a topic and are posting a thread may find the answer to their question as they are creating the new thread.

### Forum spam defenses

Most forums are at risk of continuous attack by forum spammers, largely promoting websites with no relevance to the forum's niche. Systems vary in how they are geared to defense, and checking the offering is an important consideration before selection. A forum cannot succeed unless there is an effective system of defense, and an efficient set of tools for spam removal.

CAPTCHAs are a common feature used among most internet forum software and are often used to prevent automated registrations.

Banning or deleting membership should come as standard, with the ability to blacklist the username, email address or IP address for variable time spans.

Reference to an anti-forum spam database can be built into the forum software, or offered as add-ons for specific databases.

### User-friendly URLs

Human-friendly forum URLs do not have a query string and instead contain only the path of the topic. A user-unfriendly URL may contain cryptic parameters, numeric IDs, or file type extensions (e.g. `.php`) that do not matter to the user and could change if the forum is reimplemented using a different programming language. User-friendly URLs are easy to remember and to type, and may enhance search engine optimization (SEO).

* user-unfriendly URL example: `http://example.com/forum/index.php?t=rview&th=120029`
* user-friendly URL example: `http://example.com/usability-issues/user-friendly-urls`

In general this is accomplished via URL mapping, however, historically in many forum software packages, human-friendly URLs are an afterthought implemented via URL rewriting, and URLs often contain a numeric ID which represents the thread, while the remainder of the URL can in reality be any string: `http://example.com/forum/12345/lets-use-friendly-urls` and `http://example.com/forum/12345/bogus-path-actually` point to the same thread, `http://example.com/forum/12345/`. These are also known as URL slugs.

The only non-controversial counter-argument to using user-friendly URLs is that they would be leaked in the HTTP referer header field when a user clicks on an external link from a post, which is undesirable for private (sub)forums, since a URL derived from the topic title could convey sensitive information.[108] This issue can be resolved by rewriting external links to point to a redirection page that performs referer hiding.

## See also

* Comparison of civic technology platforms
* Comparison of Q&A sites
* List of Internet forums

## References

1. ↑ "bbPress.org". http://bbpress.org/.
2. ↑ "Requirements". https://bbpress.org/about/requirements/.
3. ↑ "Hosting Requirements for WordPress" (in en-US). https://wordpress.org/about/requirements/.
4. ↑ "License". https://bbpress.org/about/license/.
5. ↑ "Project Beehive Forum". http://beehiveforum.net/.
6. ↑ "Project Beehive Forum". https://www.beehiveforum.co.uk/docs/.
7. ↑ "Discourse". http://www.discourse.org/.
8. ↑ "What is Discourse?" (in en). https://www.discourse.org/about.
9. ↑ "Discuz! X – 产品 – 北京康盛新创科技有限责任公司". http://www.comsenz.com/products/discuz.
10. ↑ "Disucz! X下载_免费搭建网站_开源建站系统下载_Discuz!官方_为您提供全方位建站服务! - 贰道网络". https://www.discuz.vip/download.html.
11. ↑ "The extensible community framework" (in en). https://flarum.org/.
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16. ↑ "Releases · fudforum/FUDforum" (in en). https://github.com/fudforum/FUDforum/releases.
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23. ↑ "Change of license for MyBB 2.0". 9 May 2015. https://blog.mybb.com/2015/05/09/change-of-license-for-mybb-2-0/.
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65. ↑ For admins: http://fudforum.org/forum/index.php?t=msg&th=120851
66. ↑ Native NNTP gateway: http://fudforum.org/forum/index.php?t=msg&th=120406&goto=167140&#msg_167140
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99. ↑ https://xenforo.com/community/resources/categories/xenforo-translations.14/ Available translations for latest version.
100. ↑ https://xenforo.com/xf2-docs/manual/connected-accounts/ OAuth SSO provided by Connected accounts feature.
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105. ↑ Za, S.; D’Atri, E.; Resca, A. (1 January 2011). "Single Sign-On in Cloud Computing Scenarios: A Research Proposal". Information Technology and Innovation Trends in Organizations. Physica-Verlag HD. pp. 45–52. doi:10.1007/978-3-7908-2632-6_6. ISBN 9783790826319. http://eprints.luiss.it/1141/1/CloudComputing_post_print.pdf. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
106. ↑ Zhao, Jun; Bu, Jiajun; Chen, Chun; Guan, Ziyu; Wang, Can; Zhang, Cheng (2010-01-01). "Learning a user-thread alignment manifold for thread recommendation in online forum". Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management. CIKM '10. New York, NY, USA: ACM. pp. 559–568. doi:10.1145/1871437.1871511. ISBN 9781450300995.
107. ↑ Li, Yung-Ming; Liao, Tzu-Fong; Lai, Cheng-Yang (2012-09-01). "A social recommender mechanism for improving knowledge sharing in online forums". Information Processing & Management. Large-Scale and Distributed Systems for Information Retrieval 48 (5): 978–994. doi:10.1016/j.ipm.2011.10.004.
108. ↑ Frèrejean, Erik. "SEO URLs". phpBB "Arsia" 3.2 Development. Area51 phpBB. http://area51.phpbb.com/phpBB/viewtopic.php?p=218091#p218091.

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