Keio Flying Squadron

Short description: 1993 video game

Keio Flying Squadron

European cover art

Developer(s)| Victor Entertainment
Publisher(s)| JVC Musical Industries
Director(s)| Yasushi Endo
Designer(s)| Satoru Honda
Programmer(s)| Teruhito Yamaki
Artist(s)| Hiroshi Ogawa
Hitoshi Kakumu
Composer(s)| Tsukasa Tawada
Platform(s)| Sega CD
Release|

* JP: August 6, 1993
* EU: December 1994
* NA: February 5, 1995

Genre(s)| Scrolling shooter
Mode(s)| Single-player

Keio Flying Squadron[lower-alpha 1] is a scrolling shooter video game developed and published by Victor Entertainment for the Sega CD. It was first released in Japan in 1993, followed by Europe in 1994, and North America in 1995. Players control Rami Nanahikari, who rides atop a dragon and battles numerous enemies in search of the key to a secret treasure.

Development was led by director Yasushi Endo and designer Satoru Honda. The team took inspiration from classic Japanese folktales and modern popular culture to create a comedic aesthetic that they believed would have wide appeal. It features music composed by Tsukasa Tawada, and animated cutscenes produced by Studio Pierrot.

Keio Flying Squadron received average reviews, with praise for its graphics and gameplay, but was commercially unsuccessful. It has since attained a cult following and has been recognized as one of the best games for the Sega CD. It was followed by Keio Flying Squadron 2 (1996) for the Sega Saturn, and Software:Rami-chan no Ōedo Sugoroku: Keiō Yūgekitai Gaiden (1998) for the PlayStation.

## Contents

* 1 Plot
* 2 Gameplay
* 3 Characters
* 4 Development
* 5 Release
* 5.1 Novel
* 6 Reception
* 7 References
* 8 Notes
* 9 External links

## Plot

The game is set in the Keiō era (1865–1868) of Japanese history, during the Tokugawa shogunate. Rami Nanahikari, a naughty girl in her prime, has been raised from a young age and brought up by her grandparents to be the next Guardian of the Key to the Secret Treasure, known as "Ark", and is really a descendant of aliens who came to Earth in ancient times. She does not know the importance of the Treasure, and her overbearing grandmother does not remember what secret the Key unlocks. The Key was stolen while Rami was at the local convenience store, and now she must get the Key back.

Wearing her bunny girl costume, Rami rides into battle on her trusty dragon, Spot, as she encounters various enemies such as tanuki, dogs, cats, monkeys, the Seven Lucky Gods, the U.S. military forces, the Russian Army, and a serpentine dragon, until she arrives at the ship of Dr. Pon Eho, a tanuki billed as the most intelligent creature on Earth with an IQ of 1400, his appearance being appropriate for the thief that he is.

## Gameplay

The game consists of Rami riding on top of Spot, who can shoot fireballs at enemies.[1] By earning "Power-Up Items", the player increases the power of the flames to six different levels. The player can also pick up Sub-Weapons and use either the Ground Bombs, the Explosive Throwing Stars or Homing Spot Jrs. (companion fighters) depending on the type of Sub-Weapon Items available. Normally, Spot Jrs. are for covering Spot; however by pressing the "C" Button, they become powerful bullets projected forward. If surrounded by the enemy, the player can use the Kamikaze Attack, sacrificing the Spot Jrs. to do larger damage, only for them to reappear when Spot ceases to shoot.

## Characters

Japanese names are given in the Western order, given name first.

* Rami Nanahikari - An alien descendant of Noah and the grandchild of an ancient family with the mission of guarding the Key to the Secret Treasure. Rami wears a traditional kimono at the beginning of the game, and later changes into her bunny suit, the formal attire of a Key Guardian.[2][3] Voiced by Miho Kanno (Japanese);[4] Samantha Paris (English).[5]
* Spot Nanahikari - A dragon who has been serving the Key Guardian Clan and the Nanahikari family as a pet for many generations. Although a bit weak-minded and lazy, he is a fun guy and is always loyal to his owner Rami, having no problems with flying and shooting fireballs. He is called Pochi in the Japanese release of the game.[2][3] Voiced by Akiko Hiramatsu (Japanese);[4] Samantha Paris (English).[5]
* "Grandma"[lower-alpha 2] and "Grandpa" Nanahikari - Rami's biological grandparents who have raised her from a young age and brought her up to be the next Key Guardian. They were former Guardians themselves, continuing a long line of ancestors in the Key Guardian Clan that have kept the Treasure safe for many generations. Though they know their duty, they no longer remember the meaning of the Key.[2][3] Voiced by Keiko Yamamoto (Japanese; Grandma),[4] Yusaku Yara (Japanese; Grandpa); Roger L. Jackson (English; both).
* Dr. Pon Eho - A super intelligent tanuki who stole the Key to the Secret Treasure and knows of its significance. His IQ is 1400.[6][3] In the Japanese version, he has a speech quirk where he ends most of his sentences with "~tsupe" (～っぺ). This is not present in the English versions. Voiced by Jōji Yanami (Japanese);[4] Roger L. Jackson (English).[5]
* Seven Lucky Gods - Obedient servants of Dr. Pon, consisting of Fukurokuju, Ebisu, Bishamon, Shōjō, Hotei, Benten and Daikoku.[6][7]
* Narrator - Voiced by Yusaku Yara (Japanese);[4] Roger L. Jackson (English).[5]

## Development

Keio Flying Squadron was made by a small team of developers; director Yasushi Endo, game designer Satoru Honda, programmer Teruhito Yamaki, and composer Tsukasa Tawada, with art and graphics by Hiroshi Ogawa and Hitoshi Kakumu, and character designs by Hiromasa Ota and Takeshi Honda. Since Victor Entertainment was originally a music company before its merge with Nihon AVC,[8] they had been developing products that brought out the potential of CD-ROMs. Most of their previous video games were overseas ports of other games; following the release of the SNES version of Dungeon Master, the developers all came together to create their first original game.[9][10]

According to Honda, the developers wanted a story inspired by Kachi-kachi Yama, a Japanese folktale about a rabbit and a villainous tanuki. However, he believed that just because a rabbit was the main character did not mean that it had to be an actual rabbit. He chose a bunny girl as the protagonist of the game, naming her Rami Nanahikari, and reducing her breast size in order to fit his vision.[11] He additionally stated that the attire was chosen so that Rami could easily be seen onscreen during gameplay.[12] Rami was also going to have a slightly mature look with longer hair and fishnet stockings (later changed to tights) for her bunny suit, but those ideas were dropped.[13][14][15][16] The developers wanted to make the game more comedic than serious in order to appeal to a wider audience.[17] Due to this, Honda had to create a worldview that fit with the idea. He also wanted it to have a sense of unity, where cute and strange characters could coexist, and be reminiscent of the eve of a festival. He decided to have the game take place in the Edo Shogunate period, feeling that it would be interesting if were set in the past rather than the future.[11][18] While the first three stages were set in the Edo Shugonate period, the others were set in "parallel worlds".[9] A robot rabbit named Usagimaru was planned to be included as a Sub-Weapon, but was cut and replaced with the Explosive Throwing Stars.[15]

Tawada wanted to make the soundtrack more extravagant, so he composed some parts where players could enjoy the music alone, regardless of whether it fit the game. The music also had a strong focus on Japanese sounds.[9] Keio Flying Squadron used a Japanese drum-like sound, which had a floor tom sound that was processed to create the effect of two drumsticks being struck with a time lag trigger.[19] The musical instruments used in the game's soundtrack were recorded using two Yamaha SY99 FM+PCM tone generation hybrid synthesizers.[20][21]

The game features animated cutscenes produced by Studio Pierrot. The voices were recorded at Magic Capsule in April 1993, provided by Miho Kanno, Akiko Hiramatsu, Jōji Yanami, Keiko Yamamoto and Yusaku Yara.[22] Keio Flying Squadron was Kanno's first time voice acting, with her playing the role of Rami, applying for it out of curiosity. Due to this, she was initially nervous about working with the other actors, but quickly got along with everyone and had a fun time recording for the game.[4][23][24]

The game has a hidden bonus minigame, "LSI Game Neko" ("Super Catch Game" in the English versions), a parody of vintage LCD games which can be accessed by entering a cheat code on the start/options screen; playing as a cat, the goal is to catch as many of the falling objects as possible.[25][26]

When Keio Flying Squadron was released in Europe and North America, some changes were made. A splash screen for the game appears after the Victor/JVC logo in the Japanese and European versions,[27][28] but was removed from the North American version. Different "tutorials" by Dr. Pon explaining some mechanics and his minions from the first two stages (Kodakara No. 1, Tekkannon, a heavy armored chahakobi ningyō machine, the Aisai-go, and Victor's dog mascot Nipper, who rides on a tamati) were removed.[lower-alpha 3] Rami, Spot and Dr. Pon were given the ages 20,[33] 11,[34] and 3003 years old, respectively,[35] with Spot's gender changed from male to female.[34] A title card at the beginning of each stage where a tanuki unravels a scroll containing the title was removed.[36] In the Japanese version, contact with solid terrain is fatal outside of boss fights, and most enemies flash different colors when hit. In the English versions, touching the ground does nothing, and only the bosses flash different colors when hit. The game's title logo was removed from the stage previews for the North American version. A few extensive monologues from Rami (with Spot and Grandma) and Dr. Pon before the stages were also cut,[37][38][39] with only Rami saying the chapters' names and saying, "Push to start!" being translated.[40] A cutscene in which Rami and Spot learn about the Secret Treasure's whereabouts from the Old Testament in Edo Castle's library was removed.[41] The U.S. military forces were renamed the "U.S. Navy".[42][43]

The game's English translation and voice recording was done at Watanabe-Robins & Associates, with the voices provided by Samantha Paris and Roger L. Jackson.[5] Paris got the audition for Rami from her agent, went to their office to record it, and was hired for the job. Jackson first trained with Paris at her school Voicetrax before he became a professional voice actor.[44]

## Release

Keio Flying Squadron was released in Japan on August 6, 1993,[45] in Europe in December 1994,[46] and in North America on February 5, 1995.[47][48][49] In the United Kingdom, a playable demo disc for Keio Flying Squadron containing the first stage was provided by the Sega Pro CD magazine in its December 1994 issue. While the demo ends after the first stage, it is identical to the full version, and the whole game is accessible in the demo disc by using a level select cheat code.[50] JVC also sent out bunny ears with copies of the game.[51][52][53]

In July 2020, Limited Run Games CEO Josh Fairhurst stated that he tried to get a rerelease of Keio Flying Squadron going, but JVC would not do it without official blessing from Sega.[54]

### Novel

On April 9, 1996, Victor Novels published Keiō Yūgekitai〈1〉Hakobune-hen (慶応遊撃隊〈1〉方舟編, Keio Flying Squadron Volume 1: Ark Edition), written by Tokuji Komine.[55][56] The book loosely adapts and expands the plot of the game, with the addition of two new characters; Alexander Gray, a mysterious British intelligence officer who investigates the secrets of the Ark; and Reira Nanahikari, Rami's missing mother.[57][56] Both characters help Rami and Spot throughout in retrieving the Key to the Secret Treasure from Dr. Pon.

## Reception

Reception

| Review scores

Publication| Score
EGM| 8/10, 8/10, 7/10,
8/10, 8/10[59]
Famitsu| 6/10, 4/10, 7/10, 5/10[60]
Game Informer| 4.75/10[61]
Next Generation| 2/5[64]
Dengeki Mega Drive| 66/100, 70/100,
80/100, 70/100[65]
Digital Press| 8/10[66]
Hippon Super!| 3/10[67]
Mega| 89%[68]
Mega Action| 90%[69]
MegaTech| 90/100[70]
Sega Force Mega| 60/100[71]
Sega Magazine| 82/100[72]
Sega Power| 81%[73]
Sega Pro| 78%[74]
VideoGames| 8/10[75]

In Japan, Keio Flying Squadron sold slowly by word-of-mouth due to an ineffective advertising campaign, but its reputation spread and it gained a cult following after its release.[76] The game was met with average critical sentiments.[77][78][79] In 1996, the game was said to have become popular in Europe and North America.[80]

Sega Pro's Jason Johnson and Mark Hill called the Japanese release of the game one of "many mediocre releases on CD", and stated that it "contains bland and unoriginal ideas that will disappoint most players".[81] Mark Pilkington would review the English version two years later in 1995, stating, "It's creepy, it's kooky and a perfect introduction to shoot-'em-ups."[74] Mean Machines Sega's Tom Cox stated that the game "look[ed] like a complete rip-off of Konami's Parodius", but praised the game for its "fresh ideas", such as the enemies and bosses and the soundtrack "being played on genuine oriental instruments".[63] Sega Magazine's Tom Guise and Richard Leadbetter deemed it "an enjoyable, playable blaster that doesn't push the Mega-CD's capabilities, but adds a good game to its catalogue".[72] Paul Anderson of Game Informer deemed the game "an average shooter in every sense", calling the plot "corny and tasteless", while Andrew McNamara likened the "basic" gameplay to Software:Cotton: Fantastic Night Dreams. Ross VanDerShaegen called the game "boring" and criticized the sound effects, voice acting and the character Spot. The magazine also stated that the game "falls directly into the shooter category among the likes of Gradius and R-Type".[61] GamePro's Lawrence Neves stated that "Keio moves as smoothly as it sounds, so novice players and serious shooters alike will enjoy it".[82] Next Generation highlighted the game's humor but felt that it "teeters on the edge of either being silly/funny or just plain stupid".[64] M! Games reviewed the game, giving it a score of 71 out of 100.[83] The game received a 8.0049/10 score in a 1995 readers' poll conducted by the Japanese Sega Saturn Magazine, ranking among Mega-CD and Sega Mega Drive titles at the number 119 spot.[84]

The game has appeared on multiple top lists of Sega CD games. USgamer's Jeremy Parish called the game "one of the rarer and more expensive titles for Sega CD".[85] Retro Gamer included it among top ten Mega CD games, calling it "a perfectly acceptable substitute" of Parodius that features "a similar style of horizontally scrolling wackiness and puts the Mega-CD hardware to good use to produce some excellent cut-scenes and a brilliant CD-quality soundtrack."[86]

## References

1. ↑ Larry, Scary (April 1995). "ProReview: Keio Flying Squadron". GamePro (IDG) (69): 56. https://archive.org/details/GamePro_Issue_069_April_1995/page/n57/mode/2up.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Victor Entertainment (1993). "Character Profiles". Keiō Yūgekitai (Sega CD). Victor Entertainment. p. 8. https://segaretro.org/images/d/d4/KeiouYuugekitai_MCD_JP_Manual.pdf#page=10.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Victor Entertainment (1994). "Cast of Characters". Keio Flying Squadron (Sega CD). JVC Musical Industries. p. 12. https://segaretro.org/images/5/50/Kfs_mcd_us_manual.pdf#page=14.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Victor Entertainment (1993). "Introduction of Miho Kanno/Keio Team". Keiō Yūgekitai (Sega CD). Victor Entertainment. p. 12. https://segaretro.org/images/d/d4/KeiouYuugekitai_MCD_JP_Manual.pdf#page=14.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Victor Entertainment (1994). "Credits". Keio Flying Squadron (Sega CD). JVC Musical Industries. p. 16. https://segaretro.org/images/5/50/Kfs_mcd_us_manual.pdf#page=18.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Victor Entertainment (1993). "Character Profiles". Keiō Yūgekitai (Sega CD). Victor Entertainment. p. 9. https://segaretro.org/images/d/d4/KeiouYuugekitai_MCD_JP_Manual.pdf#page=11.
7. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1994). "Cast of Characters". Keio Flying Squadron (Sega CD). JVC Musical Industries. p. 13. https://segaretro.org/images/5/50/Kfs_mcd_us_manual.pdf#page=15.
8. ↑ "COMPANY PROFILE". https://www.jvcmusic.co.jp/company/profile.html.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Beep! MegaDrive staff (April 1993). "Keiō Yūgekitai (Preview and Developer Interview)". Beep! MegaDrive (SoftBank Group) (5): 44. https://archive.org/details/beep-megadrive-1993-05/page/n45/mode/2up. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
10. ↑ Sasayama, Yasuhiro; Fujiwata, Kazusato (September 10, 1996). "制作者インタビュー". 慶応遊撃隊活劇編ガイドブック. Mainichi Communications. pp. 86–87. ISBN 978-4895637381. "うちの開発部は以前からあったんだけど、オリジナルはほとんどやってなかったんだ。外注のお手伝いみたいな作業が多くて、だけど、スーファミ版の『ダンジョンマスター』あたりから、本田君とか山木君とか、プログラム、グラフィック、サウンドといったスタッフが集まって来て。それで、オリジナルを作りたいという希望が出てきました。じゃあ、企画が先にあったのではなく、スタッフがアイデアを出し合います。メガCD版『慶応遊撃隊』はビクター初の完全オリジナルだった。"
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Keio Flying Squadron 2 Interview. YouTube. August 6, 2023. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
12. ↑ Sasayama, Yasuhiro; Fujiwata, Kazusato (September 10, 1996). "制作者インタビュー". 慶応遊撃隊活劇編ガイドブック. Mainichi Communications. p. 86. ISBN 978-4895637381. "というのはですね、やはりバイと見て分かりやすいコスチュームがいいと思って。 最初に女の子というのがあって。そうするとバニーガールが絵に描いて分かりやすいなと。マリオとかと同じ。小さい画面でよく分かるようにと。"
13. ↑ Sasayama, Yasuhiro; Fujiwata, Kazusato (September 10, 1996). "設定資料・キャラクター". 慶応遊撃隊活劇編ガイドブック. Mainichi Communications. p. 76. ISBN 978-4895637381. "メガCD版『慶応遊撃隊』設定資料より。企画が始まったばかりのころのスケッチ。蘭未ちゃんは現在の設定よりいくぶん大人っぽく見える。上と同じく､ごく初期の段階の蘭未ちゃん。バニーガール姿の時は網タイツをはいていた。この蘭未ちゃんの活躍も見てみたかった?" (Concept Art)
14. ↑ Sega Saturn Magazine JP staff; Amusement Books staff (August 1, 1996). 慶応遊撃隊活劇編 攻略&設定資料集. SoftBank Group. p. 43. ISBN 978-4797300468. https://archive.org/details/keio-flying-squadron-katsugeki-hen-analytics-illustration-scan/47.jpg.
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Sega Saturn Magazine JP staff; Amusement Books staff (August 1, 1996). 慶応遊撃隊活劇編 攻略&設定資料集. SoftBank Group. p. 56. ISBN 978-4797300468. https://archive.org/details/keio-flying-squadron-katsugeki-hen-analytics-illustration-scan/60.jpg.
16. ↑ "うさみ³こ on Twitter: "本田師匠の慶応遊撃隊設定。メガCD持ってないけどゲームディスクは買った。CDDAで聴ける菅野美穂さんのCVが好！"". Twitter. June 8, 2021. https://twitter.com/usamimimiko/status/1402262623450710024.
17. ↑ Hickman, Sam; Guise, Tom (November 1994). "Turning Japanese!: Keio Flying Squadron: Interview with Yasushi Endo". Sega Magazine (EMAP International Limited) (12): 58. https://archive.org/details/sega12/page/n57/mode/1up. Retrieved October 2, 2023.
18. ↑ Sasayama, Yasuhiro; Fujiwata, Kazusato (September 10, 1996). "制作者インタビュー". 慶応遊撃隊活劇編ガイドブック. Mainichi Communications. p. 86. ISBN 978-4895637381. "最初にシリアスではない、お笑い的なシューティングを作りたいというのがあってとなると、そういうふうにしても無理のない世界観を作らなきゃいけない。未来にしちゃうとそんなに面白くないんで、過去の方に持ってって。いろいろ変なものを出した時にいちばん違和感のない時代っていつかなと考えて、異文化がぶつかり合った江戸末期がいいんじゃないかなと。それで、慶応時代という設定を作った。ただ、そのままだと歴史 的に嘘つくことになっちゃうから、慶応時代がしばらく続いたというちょっとパラレルワールドっぽい世界にして。ゲームの舞台になってる慶応6年っ て、実際はない。アンケートで『慶応は3年までです』って指摘されましたけど、そこで嘘だと分かって欲しいなあと。その他は、基本的に現代っぽいものをちょっと昔風にアレンジしています。"
19. ↑ "Tsukasa Tawada on Twitter: "慶応遊撃隊シリーズは和太鼓っぽい音を使っているけれど、あれはフロアタムの音を加工して、更に時間差トリガーで二本のバチで叩いているような効果を作っています。"". Twitter. August 8, 2023. https://twitter.com/TsukasaTawada/status/1688776461929578496.
20. ↑ "Tsukasa Tawada on Twitter: "備忘録をもう一つ。慶応遊撃隊の音楽で使っている和楽器は、AKAIなどのサンプラーを使わず、意外や意外、ほとんどYAMAHA SY99というFM+PCM音源方式のハイブリッドシンセを2台使ってレコーディング。"". Twitter. August 8, 2023. https://twitter.com/TsukasaTawada/status/1688777664331653120.
21. ↑ "Tsukasa Tawada on Twitter: "爆増した機材の中でも、予想に完全に反して、FM音源+サンプリング音源のハイブリッド音源が慶応遊撃隊の音楽をよりキャッチーな雰囲気にしてくれたので、シリーズをとおして使い倒すことにしました。"". Twitter. December 5, 2023. https://twitter.com/TsukasaTawada/status/1732169399170412860.
22. ↑ Beep! MegaDrive staff (May 1993). "Keiō Yūgekitai (Preview)". Beep! MegaDrive (SoftBank Group) (6): 142. https://archive.org/details/beep-megadrive-1993-06/page/142/mode/2up. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
23. ↑ Mega Drive Fan staff (May 1993). "Keiō Yūgekitai: Interview with Miho Kanno". Mega Drive Fan (Tokuma Shoten) (41): 26. https://archive.org/details/mdfan_199306_extra_victor_fan/page/26/mode/2up. Retrieved September 11, 2023.
24. ↑ Sasayama, Yasuhiro; Fujiwata, Kazusato (September 10, 1996). "菅野美穂ちゃんインタビュー". 慶応遊撃隊活劇編ガイドブック. Mainichi Communications. p. 92. ISBN 978-4895637381. "興味本位で応募したオーディションです。"
25. ↑ "[MD裏技慶応遊撃隊"]. urawaza.in. https://urawaza.in/md/keiou.htm.
26. ↑ Constant, Nikos; Meston, Zach; Rodriguez, Tyrone (May 1995). "Tips & Tricks: Keio Bunny Cheats". Video Games: The Ultimate Gaming Magazine (LFP, Inc.) (76): 21. https://archive.org/details/Video_Games_The_Ultimate_Gaming_Magazine_Issue_76_May_1995/page/n19/mode/2up. Retrieved November 15, 2023.
27. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Splash Screen.
28. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1994). Keio Flying Squadron. Sega CD. JVC Musical Industries. Level/area: Splash Screen.
29. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Kodakara No. 1 Tutorial. "Dr. Pon: "じゃ、ちょっくらワシの有能な手下をしょうかいしてやるっぺよ。これはたからふねにつんている子宝壱号。ふりちーだぺ?" "Well, let me introduce you to some of my capable subordinates. This is Kodakara No. 1, which is loaded onto the treasure ship. Pretty free, right?""
30. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Tekkannon Tutorial. "Dr. Pon: "人型重装甲車、鉄観音この巨体の前にテキはないっぺ! 茶碗の中は水族館になってるで、世界の珍魚が楽しめるんだぺ。" "The humanoid heavy armored vehicle, Tekkannon, is a force to be reckoned with! Inside the teacup is an aquarium, where you can enjoy rare fish from around the world.""
31. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Aisai-go Tutorial. "Dr. Pon: "ワシはきれい好きだぐパンツの替えは仰山持っとるが洗濯が大変でそこで戦いながら洗濯ができる愛妻号、一石二鳥のグーな兵器だべぺ。" "I'm a clean freak, so I carry plenty of spare underwear with me, but washing them is a pain. The Aisai-go allows me to do laundry while fighting. Therefore, it's a great weapon that can kill two birds with one stone.""
32. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Nipper Tutorial. "Dr. Pon: "こいつはビクター犬を畳にのせただけだっぺ。" "This guy has just put the Victor dog on a tamati mat.""
33. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1994). Keio Flying Squadron. Sega CD. JVC Musical Industries. Level/area: Rami Nanahikari (20yrs. old female).
34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Victor Entertainment (1994). Keio Flying Squadron. Sega CD. JVC Musical Industries. Level/area: Spot Nanahikari (11yrs. old female).
35. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1994). Keio Flying Squadron. Sega CD. JVC Musical Industries. Level/area: Dr. Pon (3003yrs. old male).
36. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Title Card for Pursuit of the Arch-Enemy, the Treasure Ship.
37. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Eyecatcher for Silence in Edo Castle.
38. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Eyecatcher for A New Ambush.
39. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Eyecatcher for Survive the Fierce Battle of Mount Ararat.
40. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1994). Keio Flying Squadron. Sega CD. JVC Musical Industries. Level/area: Preview for Follow the River.
41. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). Keiō Yūgekitai. Sega CD. Victor Entertainment. Level/area: Edo Castle Library Cutscene.
42. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1993). "Stage Introduction". Keiō Yūgekitai (Sega CD). Victor Entertainment. p. 10. https://segaretro.org/images/d/d4/KeiouYuugekitai_MCD_JP_Manual.pdf#page=12.
43. ↑ Victor Entertainment (1994). "Episodes". Keio Flying Squadron (Sega CD). JVC Musical Industries. p. 14. https://segaretro.org/images/5/50/Kfs_mcd_us_manual.pdf#page=16.
44. ↑ "Keio Archive on Twitter: "Back in February, I contacted Samantha Paris for a little Interview and asked her questions about her involvement in Keio Flying Squadron, and surprisingly she responded with great joy!"". Twitter. June 14, 2024. https://twitter.com/ArchiveKei46110/status/1801620204679553285.
45. ↑ "Error: no `|title=` specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in ja). Sega. http://sega.jp/fb/segahard/mcd/soft_licensee.html. Retrieved August 26, 2016.Error:+no+`|title=`+specified when+using+{{[[Template:Cite+web|Cite+web]]}}&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=[[Company:Sega|Sega]]&rft_id=http://sega.jp/fb/segahard/mcd/soft_licensee.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Software:Keio_Flying_Squadron">
46. ↑ Merrett, Steve (October 1994). "News: Saturn Flying Squadron". Mean Machines (EMAP International Limited) (26): 10–11. https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-sega-uk/Mean Machines SEGA - Issue 026/page/n9/mode/2up.
47. ↑ Percival, Glenn (January 6, 1995). Keio Flying Squadron (Keio Yugekitai) (preview) Mega-CD - Winter CES Las Vegas Janvier 1995. YouTube. Retrieved January 10, 2026.
48. ↑ "Release dates of obscure (?) games". Google Groups. February 4, 1995. https://groups.google.com/g/rec.games.video.sega/c/x4eGyuIePso/m/B8YnHmpG2m0J.
49. ↑ "KEIO FLYING SQUADRON REV.". Google Groups. February 9, 1995. https://groups.google.com/g/rec.games.video.sega/c/J3aYPhGIAlY/m/GAs43YIEE4IJ.
50. ↑ "Keio Flying Squadron - Sega Pro Demo". The PAL Mega-CD Library. http://www.sega-mega-cd-library.co.uk/Demo Pages/Keio SP Demo.htm. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
51. ↑ "The Saga of the Bunny Ears". The Bunny Ears Network. http://www.bunnyears.net/why/index.html.
52. ↑ "Dan's Mostly Maximum Hangtime Shrine: FAQ". The Bunny Ears Network. http://www.bunnyears.net/hangtime/hangtimefaq.html.
53. ↑ "Keio Flying Squadron bunny ears sighting in NBA Hangtime". Shmups Forum. https://shmups.system11.org/viewtopic.php?t=62855.
54. ↑ "Josh Fairhurst on Twitter: "I tried to re-release Keio, but that can't happen unless I get SEGA's blessing. JVC won't do it without that and I believe Konami is in the same boat with regards to Snatcher. No idea about Popful Mail, but maybe Gaijinworks has those rights."". Twitter. July 6, 2020. https://twitter.com/LimitedRunJosh/status/1280163818870583297.
55. ↑ Komine, Tokuji (April 9, 1996). 慶応遊撃隊〈1〉方舟編. Victor Novels. ISBN 978-4893891167. (Link)
56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 Sasayama, Yasuhiro; Fujiwata, Kazusato (September 10, 1996). "小説版『慶応遊撃隊』". 慶応遊撃隊活劇編ガイドブック. Mainichi Communications. p. 93. ISBN 978-4895637381. "蘭未ちゃんやぼち、Dr.ポンたちのドタバタぶりは、ゲームの他に、小説でも楽しむことができる。ゲームでは直接語られなかった設定なども出てくるので、ファンには見逃せない。1996年8月現在、『慶応遊撃隊』の小説は、『①方舟編』『②宝玉編』の2冊が刊行されている。著者は①②とも、ゲームデザイナー、ゲームライターである小峯徳司氏。発行はゲームと同じくビクターエンタテインメント。タイトルが示すように、『方舟編』はメガCD版『慶応遊撃隊』をノベライズしたもの。メガCD版を入手できない人も、この作品を読めば蘭未ちゃんとDr.ポンとの深~い縁が分かる。一方、『宝玉編』はセガサターン版『慶応遊撃隊 活劇編』に基づくものだ。ストーリーはゲームと少し離れているが、世界観や設定はなかなか深い。武闘大会のシーンには、ゲームで没になったキャラクター(p89参照)も現れる。『宝玉編』のあとがきによると、ゲームと同じように、小説版『慶応遊撃隊』も次回作を期待できそうだ。『慶応遊撃隊 ①方舟編』。ゲームに登場しない蘭未ちゃんの母が大活躍する。『慶応遊撃隊 ②宝玉編』。口絵の描き下ろしイラストの蘭未ちゃんが、なかなかセクシー。"
57. ↑ Sega Saturn Magazine JP staff; Amusement Books staff (August 1, 1996). 慶応遊撃隊活劇編 攻略&設定資料集. SoftBank Group. p. 54. ISBN 978-4797300468. https://archive.org/details/keio-flying-squadron-katsugeki-hen-analytics-illustration-scan/58.jpg.
58. ↑ "BEメガドッグレース: 慶応遊撃隊" (in ja). Beep! Mega Drive (SoftBank Creative) 9 (8): 21. August 1993. https://archive.org/details/beep-megadrive-1993-08/page/n22/mode/1up.
59. ↑ Semrad, Ed; Carpenter, Danyon; Manuel, Al; Sushi-X; Weigand, Mike (January 1995). "Review Crew - Major Mike's Game Roundup: Keio Flying Squadron". Electronic Gaming Monthly (Sendai Publishing) (66): 40. https://archive.org/details/electronic-gaming-monthly-issue-066-january-1995/page/40/mode/1up.
60. ↑ "New Games Cross Review: 慶応遊撃隊" (in ja). Famitsu (ASCII Corporation) (243): 39. August 13, 1993. https://archive.org/details/famitsu-0243/page/39/mode/1up.
61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 McNamara, Andrew; Anderson, Paul; VanDerSchaegen, Ross (April 1995). "Sega CD Reviews: Keio Flying Squadron". Game Informer (Sunrise Publications) (24): 36. https://archive.org/details/game-informer-issue-24-april-1995/page/n37/mode/1up. Retrieved November 3, 2025.
62. ↑ DiMiceli, Vince (May 1995). "Review: Keio Flying Squadron". Game Players (GP Publications) 8 (5): 49. https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:GamePlayers_US_0805.pdf&page=49.
63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 Cox, Tom; Davies, Paul (November 1993). "Mega-CD Review: Keio Flying Squadron". Mean Machines Sega (EMAP Images) (13): 60–62. https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-sega-magazine-13/page/n59/mode/2up.
64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 "Finals: Keio Flying Squadron". Next Generation (Imagine Media) (5): 96. April 18, 1995. https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-005/page/n95/mode/1up.
65. ↑ "新作ソフトプレビュー: 慶応遊撃隊" (in ja). Dengeki Mega Drive (MediaWorks) 4: 37. August 1993. https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:DengekiMD_JP_04.pdf&page=37.
66. ↑ Santulli, Joe (January–February 1999). "Random Reviews: Keio Flying Squadron". Digital Press - The Bio-Degradable Source For Videogamers (Joe Santulli) (39): 10. https://archive.org/details/Digital_Press_Issue_39_1999-01_Santulli_Joe_US/page/n9/mode/1up.
67. ↑ Narusawa, Daisuke (September 4, 1993). "TV Game･Broad-Way MD: 慶応遊撃隊" (in ja). Hippon Super! (ja) (JICC Publishing Bureau) 8 (9): 48. https://archive.org/details/hippon-super-september-1993-09-600dpi-ozidual/Hippon Super 1993 09 (J OCR)/page/n49/mode/1up.
68. ↑ Lloyd, Rich (February 1995). "Mega Focus: Keio Flying Squadron". Mega (Maverick Magazines) (29): 12–15. https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:Mega_UK_29.pdf&page=12.
69. ↑ Atherton, Steve (Christmas 1993). "CD Review: Keio Flying Squad". Mega Action (Europress) (8): 55. https://archive.org/details/mega-action-08_202212/page/55/mode/1up.
70. ↑ Guise, Tom; Glancey, Paul (October 1993). "Mega-CD Review: Keio Flying Squadron". MegaTech (EMAP) (22): 46–49. https://archive.org/details/mt-22_202005/page/46/mode/2up.
71. ↑ Marke, Chris; Powell, Marc (October 1993). "CD Review: Keio Flying Squadron". Sega Force Mega (Impact Magazines) (4): 62–63. https://archive.org/details/SEGAForceMega/SEGA Force Mega 04/page/n61/mode/2up.
72. ↑ 72.0 72.1 Guise, Tom; Leadbetter, Richard (December 1994). "Mega-CD Review: Keio Flying Squadron". Sega Magazine (EMAP Images) (12): 94. https://archive.org/details/sega12/page/n93/mode/1up.
73. ↑ Pettengale, Paul (November 1993). "Mega CD Review: Keio Flying Squadron". Sega Power (Future Publishing) (48): 76–77. https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:SegaPower_UK_48.pdf&page=76.
74. ↑ 74.0 74.1 Pilkington, Mark (March 23, 1995). "Review: Keio Flying Squadron". Sega Pro (Paragon Publishing) (44): 46. https://archive.org/details/sega-pro-44/page/46/mode/1up.
75. ↑ Soria, Gabe (April 1995). "Power Reviews: Keio Flying Squadron". VideoGames - The Ultimate Gaming Magazine (Larry Flynt Publications) (75): 77. https://archive.org/details/Video_Games_The_Ultimate_Gaming_Magazine_Issue_75_April_1995/page/n76/mode/1up.
76. ↑ Matsuda (March 8, 2018). "とんがりギャルゲー紀行 第19回：慶応遊撃隊" (in ja). https://maedahiroyuki.com/20180308-慶応遊撃隊/.
77. ↑ Mellerick, Paul (November 1993). "Round-Up". Mega (Maverick Magazines) (14): 58–59. https://retrocdn.net/images/6/65/Mega_UK_14.pdf#page=59.
78. ↑ Johnson, Jason; Hill, Mark (November 1993). "Short Reviews Roundup". Sega Pro (Paragon Publishing) (25): 74–75. https://archive.org/details/sega-pro-25/page/n74/mode/1up.
79. ↑ "Classic GI: Classic Reviews". Game Informer (GameStop) (120): 110. April 2003. https://archive.org/details/game-informer-issue-120-april-2003/page/110/mode/1up.
80. ↑ Sasayama, Yasuhiro; Fujiwata, Kazusato (September 10, 1996). "制作者インタビュー". 慶応遊撃隊活劇編ガイドブック. Mainichi Communications. p. 91. ISBN 978-4895637381. "『慶応遊撃隊』はヨーロッパでも大人気なんです。今、英語版やってるんです。『慶応~』の欧米版を。 ヨーロッパでは大人気らしいんで。キャラクターがけっこういいでしょう。イギリスやフランスはアニメ文化も高いし。あと、漢字がカッコイイとか。前回はね、 それにハマったんですよ。でも、ギャグは全然分かんないみたい。カッパがキュウリ投げて来たりとか。畳に犬が乗っかってるとか。今回だって、カッパなんて欧米にはないからね。お化け屋敷のボスのグラフィックはあのまんま。"
81. ↑ Johnson, Jason; Hiil, Mark (October 14, 1993). "Short Reviews". Sega Pro (Paragon Publishing) (25): 75. https://archive.org/details/segapro25/page/n73/mode/2up.
82. ↑ Neves, Lawrence (April 1995). "ProReview: Keio Flying Squadron". GamePro (IDG) (69): 56. https://archive.org/details/GamePro_Issue_069_April_1995/page/n57/mode/1up.
83. ↑ Gaksch, Martin (2018-03-16). "Keio Flying Squadron - im Klassik-Test (Mega-CD)" (in de-DE). https://www.maniac.de/tests/keio-flying-squadron-im-klassik-test-mega-cd/.
84. ↑ "メガドラ読者レース" (in ja). Sega Saturn Magazine (SoftBank Creative) 11 (9): 82–85. September 1995. https://archive.org/details/sega-saturn-magazine-ja-1995-09-01/page/83/mode/1up.
85. ↑ Parish, Jeremy (2013-10-29). "The 10 Best Genesis/Mega Drive and Top 5 Sega CD Games". https://www.usgamer.net/articles/the-best-genesis-and-sega-cd-games.
86. ↑ "Top Ten Mega CD Games | Retro Gamer". 11 April 2014. http://www.retrogamer.net/top_10/top-ten-mega-cd-games/.

## Notes

1. ↑ Keio Flying Squadron (Japanese: 慶応遊撃隊, Hepburn: Keiō Yūgekitai; lit. Keio Flying Squadron)
2. ↑ "Grandma Shima" in Keiō Yūgekitai〈1〉Hakobune-hen and Keiō Yūgekitai〈2〉Hōgyoku-hen.
3. ↑ Attributed to multiple references:[29][30][31][32]

## External links

* Keio Flying Squadron at MobyGames

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*[lit.]: literal translation