Mail (Apple)

This article is missing information about the watchOS (Apple Watch) version of the software. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page. (September 2015)

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* Darwin

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Mail (also known as Apple Mail or Mail.app) is an email client included with the operating systems macOS, iOS and watchOS by Apple Inc. Originally developed by NeXT as NeXTMail, a part of their NeXTSTEP operating system, it eventually became Mail after Apple's acquisition of NeXT.

The current version of Mail utilizes SMTP for message sending, POP3, Exchange and IMAP for message retrieval and S/MIME for end-to-end message encryption.[1][2] It is also preconfigured to work with popular email providers, such as Yahoo! Mail, AOL Mail, Gmail, Outlook and iCloud (formerly MobileMe) and it supports Exchange.[3] iOS features a mobile version of Mail with added Exchange ActiveSync support, though it notoriously missed the functionality of attaching files to reply emails until the release of iOS 9.[4]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 1.1 First release
* 1.2 Mac OS X Tiger
* 1.3 Mac OS X Leopard
* 1.4 Mac OS X Snow Leopard
* 1.5 Mac OS X Lion
* 1.6 OS X Mountain Lion
* 1.7 OS X Mavericks
* 1.8 OS X Yosemite
* 1.9 OS X El Capitan
* 2 See also
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## History

Mail first shipped as NeXTMail, the email application for the NeXTSTEP operating system. NeXTMail was innovative for its time,[according to whom?] supporting rich text formatting with images and voice messaging. It also supported MIME emails, along with plain text to allow for backwards compatibility. The default message found in the inbox when the user first opened NeXTMail included a voice recording of Steve Jobs.

When Apple began to adapt NeXTSTEP to become Mac OS X, both the operating system and the application went through various stages as it was developed. In a beta version (codenamed "Rhapsody") and various other early pre-releases of Mac OS X, Mail was known as MailViewer. However, with the third developer release of Mac OS X, the application had returned to being known simply as Mail.

### First release

Included in all versions of macOS up to and including Mac OS X Panther, Mail was integrated with other Apple applications such as Address Book, iChat, and iCal. Some of its features that remain in the most recent version of Mail include rules for mailboxes, junk mail filtering and multiple account management.

### Mac OS X Tiger

In Mac OS X Tiger, Mail was updated to version 2. It included a proprietary single-message-per-file format (with the filename extension .emlx) in order to permit indexing by Spotlight.

Additional features were:

* "Smart mailboxes" that used Spotlight technology to sort mail into folders.
* The ability to flag messages with a low, normal or high priority and to use these priorities in mailbox rules and smart mailboxes.
* Tools for resizing photos before they are sent to avoid oversized email attachments.
* The ability to view emailed pictures as a full-screen slideshow.
* Parental controls to specify who is allowed to send email to children.
* HTML message composition.

The new version also changed the UI for the buttons in the toolbar. Whereas previous buttons had free-standing defined shapes, the new buttons featured shapes within a lozenge-shaped capsule.[5] According to many users, and even Apple's own human interface guidelines at the time, this was worse for usability.[6] An open-source third-party application that reverted the icons to their former shapes was available. Nevertheless, Apple updated their guidelines to include capsule-shaped buttons, and the new UI persisted.[7]

### Mac OS X Leopard

In Mac OS X Leopard, Mail included personalized stationery, handled in standard HTML format. In addition, version 3 offered notes and to-dos (which could be synced with iCal) as well as a built-in RSS reader. Version 3 also introduced IMAP IDLE support for account inboxes.

### Mac OS X Snow Leopard

Mac OS X Snow Leopard brought Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 support. The iCal and Address Book applications bundled with OS X 10.6 also supported Microsoft Exchange Server.

### Mac OS X Lion

In Mac OS X Lion, Mail featured a redesigned iPad-like user interface with full-screen capabilities, an updated message search interface, support for Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 and Yahoo! Mail (via IMAP). Also added was the capability to group messages by subject in a similar fashion to Mail on iOS 4. The bounce function, where unwanted emails could be bounced back to the sender, was dropped in this version, as was support for Exchange push email.

### OS X Mountain Lion

In OS X Mountain Lion, Mail received VIP tagging, Safari-style inline search for words within an email message, the ability to sync with iCloud and new sharing features. Notes were split off into a stand-alone application in this version, called Notes. The RSS reader and to-dos were discontinued.

### OS X Mavericks

OS X Mavericks threw out the capability of displaying the plain-text version of MIME multipart/alternative messages, and the option of doing so by default. Users were stuck viewing the HTML or rich-text version of multipart/alternative messages.

### OS X Yosemite

In OS X Yosemite, Mail supported new features such as: Markup (inline annotation of PDF or image files) and Mail Drop (automatically uploads attachments to iCloud, and sends a link in the message instead of the whole file).

### OS X El Capitan

In OS X El Capitan, a filter was added to the message list to filter by various options such as Unread, Flagged, or messages with attachments. The conversation display was also redesigned and various disk space saving optimizations were implemented. Streaming notification support for Exchange accounts was also added.

## See also

* NeXTMail
* GNUMail
* Comparison of email clients
* Comparison of feed aggregators

## References

1. ↑ "Mac OS X 10.3: Mail - How to Use a Secure Email Signing Certificate (Digital ID)". http://support.apple.com/kb/TA22353. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
2. ↑ "Use S/MIME to send encrypted messages in an Exchange environment in iOS". http://support.apple.com/HT202345. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
3. ↑ "Set up iCloud, Twitter, Facebook, and other Internet accounts". http://support.apple.com/kb/PH14276. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
4. ↑ Clover, Juli (June 8, 2015). "iOS 9 Tidbits: Battery Saving Features, Search for Settings, Keyboard Changes, Email Attachments, and More". http://www.macrumors.com/2015/06/08/ios-9-tidbits-and-hidden-features/. Retrieved June 19, 2015.
5. ↑ "inessential: What I think happened to Mail". http://inessential.com/2005/05/27/what_i_think_happened_to_mail. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
6. ↑ "Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger". https://arstechnica.com/apple/reviews/2005/04/macosx-10-4.ars/3. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
7. ↑ "Guides and Sample Code". https://developer.apple.com/mac/library/DOCUMENTATION/UserExperience/Conceptual/AppleHIGuidelines/XHIGIcons/XHIGIcons.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/20000967-TPXREF102. Retrieved March 17, 2018.

## External links

* Mail.app 3.0 screen shots
* Mail.app 3.5 screen shots

* v
* t
* e

News aggregators

Client
software|

| Standalone|

* Akregator
* BlogBridge
* FeedDemon
* Feedreader
* Flipboard
* Genieo
* Google Currents
* Google News
* Liferea
* NetNewsWire
* NewsAccess
* Newsbeuter
* NewsFire
* QuiteRSS
* RSS Bandit
* RSSOwl
* Seesmic
* Vable
* WebFetch

|

Web browsers|

* AOL Explorer
* Avant Browser
* Basilisk
* Camino
* iCab
* Flock
* Internet Explorer
* K-Meleon
* Kazehakase
* Maxthon
* Firefox
* GNOME Web
* Netscape Browser
* Netscape Navigator 9
* OmniWeb
* Opera
* Pale Moon
* Safari
* SeaMonkey
* Shiira
* Sleipnir
* Tencent Traveler
* Vivaldi
* Waterfox

Email clients|

* Apple Mail
* Claws Mail
* Gnus
* IBM Notes
* Microsoft Outlook
* Mozilla Thunderbird
* Netscape Messenger 9
* Opera Mail
* Pegasus Mail
* The Bat!
* Windows Live Mail
* Zimbra

Web browser plugins|

* Cooliris
* Sage

Web apps or
mobile apps|

* Bloglines
* CommaFeed
* Cheetah News
* Daylife
* Digg Reader
* Drupal
* Feedbin
* Feedly
* FriendFeed
* Google News
* Google Reader
* iGoogle
* dotCMS
* Imooty.eu
* Magnolia
* My Yahoo!
* News360
* NewsBlur
* Newsknowledge
* Netvibes
* Pageflakes
* Planet
* Pulse
* Rojo.com
* Prismatic
* Spokeo
* The Old Reader
* Tiny Tiny RSS
* TweetDeck
* WebGUI
* Windows Live Personalized Experience
* winnowTag

Media
aggregators|

| Podcatcher|

* Adobe Media Player
* Akregator
* Amarok
* Flock
* iTunes
* Juice
* MediaMonkey
* Miro
* Rhythmbox
* Songbird
* Winamp
* Zune

|

RSS+BitTorrent|

* BitLord
* BitTorrent 6
* Deluge
* Miro
* Opera Mail
* qBittorrent
* TorrentFlux
* Tribler
* μTorrent
* Vuze

Related
articles|

* Comparison of feed aggregators
* History of Media aggregation
* RSS enclosure

Italics indicate discontinued software.

* v
* t
* e

Email clients

Free software|

| Current|

* aerc
* Alpine
* Balsa
* Citadel/UX
* Claws Mail
* Cleancode eMail
* Cone
* Evolution
* fetchmail
* fdm
* Geary
* getmail
* GNUMail
* Gnus
* Gnuzilla
* IMP
* KMail
* Mahogany
* Mailpile
* Mailx
* Mailx (Heirloom Project)
* Modest
* Mozilla Thunderbird
* Mulberry
* Mutt
* nmh / MH
* OfflineIMAP
* Roundcube
* SeaMonkey
* SquirrelMail
* Sylpheed
* Trojitá
* YAM
* Zimbra

|

Discontinued|

* Arachne
* Beonex Communicator
* BlitzMail
* Classilla
* Columbia MM
* Elm
* Eudora
* FossaMail
* Hula
* Mailody
* Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups
* Nylas N1
* Spicebird

Proprietary|

| Freeware|

* eM Client
* EmailTray
* Foxmail
* i.Scribe
* Mailbird
* Opera Mail
* Spark
* TouchMail

|

Retail|

* Hiri
* Bloomba/WordPerfect Mail
* Newton
* IBM Notes
* InScribe
* Apple Mail
* Mail (Windows)
* Microsoft Outlook
* Novell GroupWise
* Airmail
* Postbox

Shareware|

* Becky!
* Eureka Email
* Forté Agent
* GyazMail
* The Bat!

Donationware|

* Pegasus Mail

Discontinued|

* Mail
* Claris Emailer
* Courier
* Cyberdog
* Cyberjack
* Embrowser
* Mailbox
* Microsoft Entourage
* Microsoft Internet Mail and News
* MINUET
* Netscape Mail
* Netscape Messenger 9
* NeXTMail
* Outlook Express
* Pine
* Pocomail
* POPmail
* Sparrow
* Turnpike
* WebSpyder
* Windows Live Mail
* Windows Mail
* Windows Messaging

Related technologies|

* Extended SMTP
* LMTP
* IMAP
* POP
* Push-IMAP
* SMAP
* SMTP
* UUCP

Related topics|

* Email
* Unicode and email

* Category
* Comparison

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macOS

* History
* Architecture
* Components
* Server
* Software

Versions|

* Server 1.0 Hera
* Public Beta Kodiak
* 10.0 Cheetah
* 10.1 Puma
* 10.2 Jaguar
* 10.3 Panther
* 10.4 Tiger
* 10.5 Leopard
* 10.6 Snow Leopard
* 10.7 Lion
* 10.8 Mountain Lion
* 10.9 Mavericks
* 10.10 Yosemite
* 10.11 El Capitan
* 10.12 Sierra
* 10.13 High Sierra
* 10.14 Mojave
* 10.15 Catalina

Applications|

* App Store
* Automator
* Calculator
* Calendar
* Chess
* Contacts
* Dictionary
* DVD Player
* FaceTime
* Finder
* Game Center
* Grapher
* Home
* iTunes (history)
* Launchpad
* Mail
* Messages
* News
* Music
* Notes
* Notification Center
* Podcasts
* Photo Booth
* Photos
* Preview
* QuickTime
* Reminders
* Safari (version history)
* Stickies
* TextEdit
* Time Machine

Discontinued|

* Dashboard
* Front Row
* iChat
* iPhoto
* iSync
* Sherlock

Utilities|

* Activity Monitor
* AirPort Utility
* AppleScript Editor
* Archive Utility
* Audio MIDI Setup
* Bluetooth File Exchange
* Boot Camp
* ColorSync
* Configurator
* Console
* Crash Reporter
* DigitalColor Meter
* Directory Utility
* DiskImageMounter
* Disk Utility
* Font Book
* Grab
* Help Viewer
* Image Capture
* Installer
* Keychain Access
* Migration Assistant
* Network Utility
* ODBC Administrator
* Screen Sharing
* System Preferences
* System Information
* Terminal
* Universal Access
* VoiceOver

Discontinued|

* Software Update
* Remote Install Mac OS X

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* AirDrop
* Apple File System
* Apple menu
* Apple Push Notification service
* AppleScript
* Aqua
* Audio Units
* AVFoundation
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* Bundle
* CloudKit
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* Command key
* Core Animation
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* Core Foundation
* Core Image
* Core OpenGL
* Core Text
* Core Video
* CUPS
* Cover Flow
* Darwin
* Dock
* FileVault
* Fonts
* Gatekeeper
* Grand Central Dispatch
* icns
* iCloud
* I/O Kit
* Kernel panic
* Keychain
* launchd
* Mach-O
* Menu extra
* Metal
* Mission Control
* OpenCL
* Option key
* Preference Pane
* Property list
* Quartz
* Quick Look
* Smart Folders
* Speakable items
* Spotlight
* Stacks
* System Integrity Protection
* Uniform Type Identifier
* Universal binary
* WebKit
* XNU
* XQuartz

Deprecated|

* HFS+

Discontinued|

* BootX
* Brushed metal
* Carbon
* Classic Environment
* Inkwell
* QTKit
* Rosetta
* Spaces
* Xgrid

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iOS and iOS-based products

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Hardware|

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* 4
* 4S
* 5
* 5C
* 5S
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* SE
* 7 & 7 Plus
* 8 & 8 Plus
* X
* XR
* XS & XS Max
* 11
* 11 Pro & Pro Max
* iPod Touch
* 1st
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* 3rd
* 4th
* 5th
* 6th
* 7th
* iPadp
* 1st
* 2
* 3rd
* 4th
* 2017p
* 2018p
* 2019p
* iPad Minip
* 1st
* 2
* 3
* 4p
* 5thp
* Airp
* 1st
* 2p
* 2019p
* iPad Prop
* 1stp
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* 3rdp
* Apple TV
* 2nd
* 3rd
* 4tht
* 4Kt
* Apple Watchw
* 1stw
* Series 1w
* Series 2w
* Series 3w
* Series 4w
* HomePoda

Software|

* iOS
* 1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9
* 10
* 11
* 12
* 13
* History
* Derived from iOS
* w: watchOSw
* t: tvOSt
* a: audioOSa
* p: iPadOSp
* AirDrop
* AirPlay
* AirPrint
* CarPlay
* Cocoa Touch
* Control Center
* Core Animation
* HomeKit
* iTunes
* Night Shift
* Notification Center
* SDK
* Shazam
* Siri
* Spotlight
* SpringBoard
* VoiceOver
* WebKit

Bundled apps|

* Books
* Calendar
* Clock
* Contacts
* FaceTime
* Files
* Find My
* Health
* Home
* Mail
* Maps
* Messages
* Music
* News
* Notes
* Photos
* Podcasts
* Reminders
* Safari
* TV
* Videos
* Wallet
* Weather
* Watch
* Measure

Discontinued|

* Find My Friends
* Find My iPhone
* Newsstand

Apple apps|

* AirPort Utility
* Clips
* iLife
* GarageBand
* iMovie
* iWork
* Keynote
* Numbers
* Pages
* Logic Remote
* Remote

Discontinued|

* Beats Music
* Cards
* iPhoto
* Nike + iPod

Services|

* Apple Arcade
* Apple Card
* Apple Pay
* Cash
* Apple Wallet
* App Store
* watchOSw
* tvOSt
* iMessage
* iPadOSp
* FaceTime
* Family Sharing
* Game Center
* iBookstore
* iCloud
* iMessage
* iTunes Connect
* iTunes Store
* Apple Music
* Multitasking
* News
* +
* Podcasts
* Push Notifications
* TestFlight
* TV
* +
* Shows
* Channels

Discontinued|

* iAd
* iTunes Radio
* MobileMe

Other|

* Apple Silicon
* Controversies
* 300-page bill
* Antennagate
* Batterygate
* Bendgate
* Jailbreaking
* FairPlay
* Free and open-source apps
* Games
* iFund
* iPhone history
* Metal
* Swift
* WWDC

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