Rhinoceros 3D

Short description: 3D computer graphics software

Rhinoceros

Developer(s)| Robert McNeel & Associates
Stable release|

Rhino 7 / December 8, 2020; 2 years ago (2020-12-08)[1]

Operating system| Microsoft Windows, macOS
Available in| Multilingual
Type| 3D computer graphics, Computer-aided design
License| Proprietary
Website| rhino3d.com
mcneel.com

Rhinoceros (typically abbreviated Rhino or Rhino3D) is a commercial 3D computer graphics and computer-aided design (CAD) application software that was developed by Robert McNeel & Associates, an American, privately held, and employee-owned company that was founded in 1978. Rhinoceros geometry is based on the NURBS mathematical model, which focuses on producing mathematically precise representation of curves and freeform surfaces in computer graphics (as opposed to polygon mesh-based applications).

Rhinoceros is used for computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), rapid prototyping, 3D printing and reverse engineering in industries including architecture, industrial design (e.g. automotive design, watercraft design), product design (e.g. jewelry design) as well as for multimedia and graphic design.[2]

Rhinoceros is developed for the Microsoft Windows operating system and macOS. A visual scripting language add-on for Rhino, Grasshopper, is developed by Robert McNeel & Associates.

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 1.1 Characteristics
* 2 File formats
* 2.1 Compatibility
* 2.2 Scripting and programming
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Overview

### Characteristics

Rhinoceros is primarily a freeform surface modeler that utilizes the NURBS mathematical model. Rhinoceros's application architecture and open SDK make it modular and enable the user to customize the interface and create custom commands and menus.

## File formats

The Rhinoceros file format (.3DM) is useful for the exchange of NURBS geometry. The Rhino developers started the openNURBS Initiative to provide computer graphics software developers the tools to accurately transfer 3-D geometry between applications. An open-source toolkit, openNURBS includes the 3DM file format specification, documentation, C++ source code libraries and .NET 2.0 assemblies to read and write the file format on supported platforms – Windows, Windows x64, Mac, and Linux.[3]

An example of artwork modeled in Rhino and rendered in Flamingo

### Compatibility

Rhinoceros offers compatibility with other software as it supports over 30 CAD file formats for importing and exporting.[4]

The following CAD and image file formats are natively supported (without the use of external plug-ins):

* DWG/DXF (AutoCAD 200x, 14, 13, and 12)
* IGES
* STEP
* SolidWorks SLDPRT and SLDASM
* SAT (ACIS, export only)
* MicroStation DGN
* Direct X (X file format)

* FBX
* X_T (Parasolid, export only)
* .3ds
* LWO
* STL
* SLC
* OBJ

* AI
* RIB
* POV
* UDO
* VRML
* CSV (export properties and hydrostatics)
* BMP

* TGA
* uncompressed TIFF
* VDA
* GHS
* GTS
* KML
* PLY
* SketchUp

The following CAD file formats are supported with use of external plug-ins:[5]

* 3DPDF
* ACIS
* CATIA V4
* CATIA V5

* CATIA V6
* CGR
* Inventor

* JT
* Parasolid
* PLMXML

* Creo Parametric
* Solid Edge
* Siemens NX

When opening CAD file formats not in its native .3dm file format, Rhinoceros will convert the geometry into its native format; when importing a CAD file, the geometry is added to the current file.

When Autodesk AutoCAD's file format changes (see DWG file format for more information), the Open Design Alliance reverse engineers the file format to allow these files to be loaded by other vendors' software. Rhinoceros's import and export modules are actually plug-ins, so they can be easily updated via a service release. Rhinoceros Service Releases (SR) are frequent and freely downloadable. Rhinoceros 5 SR10 can import and export DWG/DXF file formats up to version 2014.

### Scripting and programming

Rhinoceros supports two scripting languages, Rhinoscript (based on VBScript) and Python (V5.0+ and Mac). It also has an SDK and a complete plug-in system.

Main page: Grasshopper 3D

## See also

* Comparison of computer-aided design editors
* Computer-aided industrial design

## References

1. ↑ "Download Rhino 7 for Windows". Robert McNeel & Associates. https://www.rhino3d.com/download/rhino-for-windows/7/latest.
2. ↑ "Rhino 3D 6 for Windows and Mac". https://novedge.com/products/rhino-3d-6-software-for-windows-and-mac.
3. ↑ "The file format on supported platforms". https://aristeksystems.com/blog/3d-modeling-soft-2021/#rhino. Retrieved 2022-05-20.
4. ↑ "Index of import/export file types". http://docs.mcneel.com/rhino/5/help/en-us/index.htm#fileio/_index_of_import_export_file_types.htm.
5. ↑ Thuilier, Félix. "Rhino plug-ins to convert, import and export files". https://www.datakit.com/en/conversion-plug-ins/rhino-25.html.

## External links

* v
* t
* e

CAD software

Free and open-source|

| Mechanical|

* BRL-CAD
* FreeCAD
* HeeksCAD
* LibreCAD
* Open Cascade Technology
* OpenSCAD
* QCad
* Salome
* SolveSpace

|

Electrical|

* Electric
* Fritzing
* gEDA
* KiCad
* kTechLab
* Magic
* ngspice
* Oregano
* QUCS
* XCircuit

Proprietary|

| Mechanical|

* AutoCAD
* Autodesk Alias
* Autodesk Inventor
* Autodesk Revit
* ArchiCAD
* BricsCAD
* CADKEY
* CATIA
* Cimatron
* Cobalt
* DesignSpark Mechanical
* Creo Elements/Direct Drafting
* Creo Elements/Pro
* FastCAD/EasyCAD
* FINE
* FORAN
* GstarCAD
* IRONCAD
* KeyCreator
* MEDUSA
* MicroStation
* NX
* Onshape
* PDMS
* Pro/DESKTOP
* progeCAD
* Rhinoceros 3D
* Grasshopper 3D
* RUCAPS
* Solid Edge
* SolidWorks
* SpaceClaim
* T-FLEX CAD
* TurboCAD
* VariCAD

|

Electrical|

* Allegro
* AutoCAD Electrical
* Autotrax
* Altium Designer
* BoardStation
* CADSTAR
* CR-2000
* CR-3000
* CR-5000
* CR-8000
* Delta Design
* DesignSpark
* DipTrace
* EAGLE
* Easytrax
* FreeStyle
* IntegraStation
* LTspice
* Micro-Cap
* Multisim
* OrCAD
* Protel
* Proteus
* Pulsonix
* SolidWorks Electrical
* Tango
* TARGET
* TopoR
* Ultiboard
* Upverter
* Xpedition

File formats|

* 3MF
* ACIS
* AMF
* C3D
* CKD
* DSN
* DWF
* DWFX
* DWG
* DXF
* IGES
* OBJ
* OpenDWG
* PLY
* PSpice
* SES
* STEP
* STL

Modeling kernels|

* ACIS
* C3D
* Open Cascade Technology
* Parasolid
* RGK
* Romulus
* KernelCAD
* ShapeManager
* Teigha
* IntelliCAD
* SMLib

Old|

Sketchpad (1963) * UNISURF (1968)

History of CAD software

* v
* t
* e

3D computer graphics software

Open-source|

* Blender
* LuxRender
* MakeHuman
* MeshLab
* OpenFX
* OpenSCAD
* Point Cloud Library
* POV-Ray
* Seamless3d
* Wings 3D
* YafaRay

Closed-source|

* 3D-Coat
* AC3D
* Autodesk 3ds Max
* Autodesk Alias
* Autodesk Maya
* Autodesk Mudbox
* AutoQ3D Community
* Blackmagic Fusion
* Bryce
* Carrara
* Cinema 4D
* Clara.io
* DAZ Studio
* Electric Image Animation System
* E-on Vue
* Golaem Crowd
* GigaMesh Software Framework
* Hexagon
* Houdini
* Indigo Renderer
* Kerkythea
* LightWave 3D
* MASSIVE
* Messiah
* Modo
* Nuke
* Paint 3D
* Pixar RenderMan
* Poser
* Remo 3D
* Rhinoceros 3D
* Sculptris
* Shade 3D
* Shark 3D
* Silo
* SketchUp
* Strata 3D
* Terragen
* ZBrush

Defunct|

* Amapi
* Autodesk Softimage
* Cyber Studio CAD-3D
* Dynamation
* Imagine
* N-World
* PowerAnimator
* Sculpt 3D
* Softimage 3D
* StrataVision 3D
* Swift 3D
* TrueSpace
* TurboSilver
* VistaPro

Core technologies|

* ACIS
* C3D
* HOOPS 3D
* KernelCAD
* Open Cascade Technology
* Parasolid
* Romulus
* RGK
* ShapeManager
* Teigha
* IntelliCAD

* Comparison
* Category
* List
* 3D modeling
* 3D rendering

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