Ruffle

Short description: Flash Player emulator

Ruffle

Logo

Developer(s)| Mike Welsh
kmeisthax
Nathan Adams
Callum Thomson
relrelb
Written in| Rust[1]
Type| Multimedia
License| MIT license, Apache License 2.0

Ruffle is an emulator for Adobe Flash (SWF) files. Ruffle is freely licensed and developed openly on GitHub.

Following the deprecation and disabling of Adobe Flash Player, some websites adopted Ruffle so users could continue to view and interact with legacy Flash content.

## Contents

* 1 Features
* 2 History
* 2.1 Background
* 2.2 Ruffle
* 3 Websites using Ruffle
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Features

Ruffle is written in the Rust programming language, featuring a desktop client and a web client. Website authors can load Ruffle using JavaScript or users can install a browser extension that works on any website.[2]

The web client relies on Rust being compiled to WebAssembly, which allows it to run inside a sandbox, a significant improvement compared to Flash Player, which had a multitude of security issues.[3][4] The Rust language itself protects against common memory safety issues that Flash Player suffered from, such as use after free or buffer overflows.[5]

The desktop client uses a command-line interface to open SWF files, with a full graphical user interface planned for the future.[6] Downloads are available for Windows, macOS and Linux.

As of January 2024, Ruffle primarily supports older Flash content, which use ActionScript 1.0 and 2.0, with 95% of the language and 75% of the API having been implemented.[7] It also partially supports ActionScript 3.0 (support is at about 75% of the language and 69% of the API). Bleeping Computer reported that all the SWF games they tried in February 2021 "worked flawlessly".[5]

## History

### Background

Adobe announced in 2017 that it would stop supporting Flash Player on January 1, 2021, encouraging the use of HTML5 instead.[8] That same year The New York Times began working on archiving old web content so readers could view webpages as they were originally published,[9] and now uses Ruffle for old Flash content.[10]

Adobe started blocking the use of Flash Player on January 12, 2021 using a kill switch.[11] Various websites, including governmental and educational ones, were not prepared for the shutoff and stopped working.[12][2]

### Ruffle

Mike Welsh, who worked at Newgrounds until 2012, previously worked on an open source project named Swivel to archive Flash content into videos.[13]

In 2016, Welsh began a project called Fluster. Later renamed Ruffle, this project would morph into a Flash Player emulator written in Rust, with a desktop and web client.[4][14][15]

## Websites using Ruffle

Between 2019 and 2020, some websites announced they would be using Ruffle.

Newgrounds founder Tom Fulp said they realized "the end of Flash was coming" in 2010, but did not know when.[16] In 2019, Newgrounds announced it was sponsoring the development of Ruffle,[17] and would use it for all Flash content, starting with animations and later interactive games.[18] The switch allowed Newgrounds to offer some touch-friendly games on mobile for the first time. Fulp told The Washington Post : "We've been integrating Ruffle with the site and so far, the majority of content [on Newgrounds] from before 2007 is running with Ruffle".[13]

In 2020, Coolmath Games announced that that they would be using technologies such as Ruffle to make Flash content playable.[19]

In November 2020, Internet Archive announced they will be using Ruffle to preserve Flash games and animations.[20] Jason Scott, an archivist at the Internet Archive, said: "I looked into adding it to the Internet Archive system, and it took less than a day and a half because it was so well made".[21]

In December 2020, Armor Games announced that Ruffle had been chosen as their player for Flash content.[22]

Homestar Runner has also announced the implementation of Ruffle for their cartoons and games.[23] Though certain elements of the website itself are currently unsupported by the emulator, most of the site's content has shifted to containment within a Ruffle window at the very least. In addition to the official website, this change was soft announced via Strong Bad's Twitter account.[24]

In July 2023, Neopets announced that the usage of Ruffle was being explored to speed up the process of bringing back broken Flash games and other content to the website.[25] Later that month, Ruffle was implemented for a selection of supported Flash games.

## See also

* Haxe
* Mozilla Shumway
* Lightspark
* BlueMaxima's Flashpoint

## References

1. ↑ Michael, Larabel. "Still Have A Use For Adobe Flash? Ruffle Is Working To Safely Emulate It In Rust". Phoronix. https://www.phoronix.com/news/Ruffle-Adobe-Flash-Rust.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Salter, Jim (2021-02-02). "Flash is dead—but South Africa didn't get the memo" (in en-us). https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/02/flash-no-longer-works-in-browsers-so-south-africa-made-its-own-browser/.
3. ↑ "Flash videos and games are resurrected by Ruffles emulator" (in en-US). 2019-08-26. https://www.slashgear.com/flash-videos-and-games-are-resurrected-by-ruffles-emulator-26588575/.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Krill, Paul (2019-08-22). "Ruffle project hopes to resurrect Flash Player" (in en). https://www.infoworld.com/article/3433759/ruffle-project-hopes-to-resurrect-flash-player.html.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Abrams, Lawrence (2021-02-06). "This Flash Player emulator lets you securely play your old games" (in en-us). https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/software/this-flash-player-emulator-lets-you-securely-play-your-old-games/.
6. ↑ "Ruffle § Using the desktop application" (in en). https://github.com/.
7. ↑ "Ruffle § Compatibility" (in en). https://ruffle.rs/#compatibility.
8. ↑ Warren, Tom (2017-07-25). "Adobe will finally kill Flash in 2020" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2017/7/25/16026236/adobe-flash-end-of-support-2020.
9. ↑ Wang, Shan (2018-04-12). "Here's how The New York Times is trying to preserve millions of old pages the way they were originally published". Nieman Lab. https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/04/heres-how-the-new-york-times-is-trying-to-preserve-millions-of-old-pages-the-way-they-were-originally-published/.
10. ↑ "Some of the most iconic 9/11 news coverage is lost. Blame Adobe Flash" (in en). WCVB. 2021-09-11. https://www.wcvb.com/article/adobe-flash-some-iconic-911-news-coverage-is-lost/37551863.
11. ↑ Tung, Liam. "Adobe Flash is finally gone: The end arrives as Adobe starts blocking Flash content" (in en). ZDNet. https://www.zdnet.com/article/adobe-flash-is-over-the-end-has-finally-arrived-as-adobe-starts-blocking-flash-content/.
12. ↑ DeBré, Elena (2021-02-05). "These Places Were Not Ready for Flash to Die" (in en). https://slate.com/technology/2021/02/flash-adobe-end-missed-memo.html.
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Favis, Elise; Liao, Shannon (2021-04-08). "Flash is dead. These games from the early 2000s hope to live on." (in en-US). Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2021/04/08/flash-habbo-newgrounds-2020/.
14. ↑ "Update README · ruffle-rs/ruffle@0d9d5fe" (in en). https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/commit/0d9d5fe57d29fea3b829bc81fc3e97d1916df6f0#diff-04c6e90faac2675aa89e2176d2eec7d8.
15. ↑ "Initial commit · ruffle-rs/ruffle@b979ac2" (in en). https://github.com/ruffle-rs/ruffle/commit/b979ac26a9dad77ca66c3f9171efac4acfa8c19d.
16. ↑ "Newgrounds founder Tom Fulp on Flash and the challenges of preserving two decades of content". 2021-04-08. https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/sports/launcher/newgrounds-founder-tom-fulp-on-flash-and-the-challenges-of-preserving-two-decades-of-content/2021/04/08/fdd3a2cf-b4bd-43ff-bcaf-f364f0cba306_video.html.
17. ↑ "Flash videos and games are resurrected by Ruffles emulator" (in en-US). 2019-08-26. https://www.slashgear.com/flash-videos-and-games-are-resurrected-by-ruffles-emulator-26588575/.
18. ↑ Macgregor, Jody (2019-08-25). "Flash emulation project aims to preserve gaming history" (in en). PC Gamer. https://www.pcgamer.com/flash-emulation-project-aims-to-preserve-gaming-history/.
19. ↑ "Coolmath Games and Flash" (in en). https://www.coolmathgames.com/coolmath-games-and-flash.
20. ↑ Jason Scott (November 19, 2020). "Flash Animations Live Forever at the Internet Archive". https://blog.archive.org/2020/11/19/flash-animations-live-forever-at-the-internet-archive/.
21. ↑ Chan, Khee Hoon (2021-03-18). "Tracing the Sprawling Roots of Flash Preservation" (in en). https://www.vice.com/en/article/wx8y5y/tracing-the-sprawling-roots-of-flash-preservation.
22. ↑ "The Future of Flash on Armor Games". 8 December 2020. https://armorgames.com/news/the-future-of-flash-on-armor-games.
23. ↑ "Ow! My entire website!! - Post-Flash Update" (in en). https://homestarrunner.com/post-flash-update.
24. ↑ "Did it food?" (in en). https://twitter.com/StrongBadActual/status/1329989081867104260.
25. ↑ Neopets (2023-07-16). "A New Era for Neopets!". Medium. https://medium.com/@neopetsofficial/a-new-era-for-neopets-fdb5c9ac187e. Retrieved 2023-07-26.

## External links

* on GitHub
* Ruffle Web Demo

* v
* t
* e

Adobe Flash

File
formats|

* ActionScript (AS)
* Action Message Format (AMF)
* Flash Video (FLV)
* Flash XML Graphics (FXG)
* Local shared objects (LSOs)
* MXML
* Flash Movie (SWF)
* Flash Code Library (SWC)

Software
(list)|

| Players|

* Adobe AIR
* Adobe Flash Player
* Gnash
* Lightspark
* Gameswf
* Tamarin

|

Animation
tools|

* Adobe Animate
* Toon Boom
* Moho
* Vyond
* Stencyl

Programming
tools|

* FlashDevelop
* Powerflasher FDT
* Apache Flex
* Haxe (OpenFL)
* CrossBridge
* Adobe Scout
* FlashFirebug

Libraries|

* Starling Framework
* Away3D
* Flare3D
* Stage3D
* PureMVC
* Ming
* List of Flex frameworks

Converters|

* Adobe Flash Media Live Encoder
* SWFTools
* swfmill
* Google Swiffy
* Adobe Wallaby

Server-side|

* Adobe Flash Media Server

Obsolete
software|

* Adobe Flash Builder
* Adobe Flash Catalyst
* Adobe Flash Lite
* SWFAddress
* SWFObject
* MTASC
* Scaleform GFx
* SWiSH Max
* Swift 3D
* Papervision3D
* Ajax Animator
* Shumway
* Swfdec
* OpenLaszlo

Related
topics|

* Comparison of HTML5 and Flash
* Thoughts on Flash
* Flash animation
* films
* television
* Protected Streaming
* Real-Time Messaging Protocol
* Real-Time Media Flow Protocol

Developers|

* FutureWave Software
* Macromedia
* Adobe Inc.

* Category

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