SAMSON

The main user interface.

Developer(s)| OneAngstrom
Stable release|

2025 R2 / 2025

Written in| C++ (Qt)
Operating system| Windows, macOS, Linux
Platform| x86-64
Available in| English
Type| Molecular design
License| Proprietary[1]
Website| www.samson-connect.net

SAMSON (Software for Adaptive Modeling and Simulation Of Nanosystems) is a computer software platform for molecular design being developed by OneAngstrom and previously by the NANO-D group at the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (INRIA).[2]

SAMSON has a modular architecture that makes it suitable for different domains of nanoscience, including material science,[3] life science,[4] and drug design.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]

SAMSON Extensions, developed with the SAMSON software development kit (SDK), help users perform tasks, including building new models, performing calculations, running interactive or offline simulations, and visualizing and interpreting results.

SAMSON, SAMSON Extensions and the SAMSON Software Development Kit are distributed via the SAMSON Connect website.[6] The site acts as a repository for the SAMSON Extensions being uploaded by developers, and users of SAMSON choose and add extensions from SAMSON Connect.

* Some tools available in SAMSON: the assistant, the builder, molecular docking, Python programming, sequence alignment, the animator, biomolecular structure prediction, interaction diagrams, GROMACS.

* Some molecular rendering styles and effects available in SAMSON.

## Contents

* 1 SAMSON AI
* 2 Modeling and simulation
* 3 Data graph
* 4 File formats and documents
* 5 Cloud computing
* 6 Python integration
* 7 Path tracing
* 8 Collaboration and sharing
* 9 Node specification language
* 10 Software Development Kit
* 11 See also
* 12 References

## SAMSON AI

SAMSON has a built-in assistant based on GPT-5 and Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) that helps users discover functionality, open relevant documentation, and execute commands directly from chat. It can also assist with selecting, Python scripting, analyzing documents, retrieve online information relevant to molecular design, and supports voice interaction.

## Modeling and simulation

SAMSON represents nanosystems using five categories of models:

* Structural models – describe geometry and topology
* Visual models – provide graphical representations
* Dynamical models – describe dynamical degrees of freedom
* Interaction models – describe energies and forces
* Property models – describe traits that do not enter in the first four model categories

Molecules and systems can be built using atoms, fragment libraries, and procedural generators.

Simulators (potentially interactive ones) are used to ensure that models are physically based and predict properties.

## Data graph

All models and simulators are integrated into a hierarchical, layered structure that form the SAMSON data graph. SAMSON Extensions interact with each other and with the data graph to perform modeling and simulation tasks. A signals and slots mechanism makes it possible for data graph nodes to send events when they are updated, which makes it possible to develop e.g., adaptive simulation algorithms.[12][13][14]

## File formats and documents

SAMSON uses its own document format, which is designed to be extensible. Each document header specifies the list of required SAMSON Extensions, making it possible to preserve compatibility across different installations by automatically indicating which extensions must be present to open the file. In addition to molecular models and simulation data, SAMSON documents can embed arbitrary file types, such as scripts, datasets, or media, which remain bundled inside the document for distribution and sharing through SAMSON Connect.

## Cloud computing

Certain workflows can be launched in the cloud directly from the SAMSON interface, with results synchronized back into the client. Supported computations include protein structure prediction (e.g., AlphaFold) and molecular dynamics (e.g., GROMACS). External developers can contribute cloud services to the platform.

## Python integration

SAMSON provides Python bindings to the SAMSON API, available through an embedded Jupyter Qt console and an embedded editor component from Visual Studio Code. Users can automate modeling, simulation and visualization, build pipelines, integrate external Python packages, and create applications with graphical user interfaces in Python.

## Path tracing

SAMSON integrates the Cycles renderer from Blender to enable interactive, path-traced rendering of molecular systems for images and animations. Materials and rendering parameters may be controlled from the graphical interface.

## Collaboration and sharing

Through SAMSON Connect, users can create profiles and groups, share documents and cloud jobs, and manage access permissions. SAMSON documents can be published to SAMSON Connect and accessed via shareable links and permanent identifiers.

## Node specification language

SAMSON has a node specification language (NSL) that users may employ to select data graph nodes based on their properties. Example NSL expressions include:

* `Hydrogen` – select all hydrogens (short version: `H`)
* `atom.chainID > 2` – select all atoms with a chain ID strictly larger than 2 (short version: `a.ci > 2`)
* `Carbon in node.selected` – select all carbons in the current selection (short version: `C in n.s`)
* `bond.order > 1.5` – select all bonds with order strictly larger than 1.5 (short version: `b.o > 1.5`)
* `O in node.type sidechain` – select all oxygens in sidechain nodes (short version: `O in n.t sc`)
* `"CA" within 5A of S` – select all nodes named CA that are within 5 angstrom of any sulfur atom (short version: `"CA" w 5A of S`)

## Software Development Kit

SAMSON is developed in C++ and implements features to ease developing SAMSON Extensions, including:

* Managed memory
* Signals and slots
* Serialization
* Multilevel undo-redo
* Introspection
* Referencing
* Unit system
* Functors and predicate logic
* Source code generators to create SAMSON Extensions

## See also

* Comparison of software for molecular mechanics modeling
* Gabedit
* Jmol
* Molden
* Molecular design software
* Molekel
* PyMol
* RasMol
* UCSF Chimera
* Visual Molecular Dynamics (VMD)

## References

1. ↑ "Terms of use". https://www.samson-connect.net/termsOfUse.html.
2. ↑ NANO-D - INRIA
3. ↑ Contreras, M. Leonor; Villarroel, Ignacio; Rozas, Roberto (2021). "Automated Generation of Zigzag Carbon Nanotube Models Containing Haeckelite Defects". Intelligent Computing. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. 284. pp. 371–377. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80126-7_28. ISBN 978-3-030-80125-0. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-80126-7_28.
4. ↑ Mostafa, Amr A.; El-Rahman, Soheir N. Abd; Shehata, Said; Abdallah, Naglaa A.; Omar, Hanaa S. (2021). "Assessing the effects of a novel biostimulant to enhance leafminer resistance and plant growth on common bean". Scientific Reports 11 (1): 20020. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98902-z. PMID 34625596.
5. ↑ Barazorda-Ccahuana, Haruna Lux; Nedyalkova, Miroslava; Mas, Francesc; Madurga, Sergio (2021). "Unveiling the Effect of Low pH on the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Molecular Dynamics Simulations". Polymers 284 (21): 3823. doi:10.3390/polym13213823. PMID 34771379.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 SAMSON Connect
7. ↑ SAMSON 0.7.0 is available - Macs in Chemistry
8. ↑ RDKit in SAMSON - Macs in Chemistry
9. ↑ Vaucher, Alain C.; Reiher, Markus (2016). "Molecular Propensity as a Driver for Explorative Reactivity Studies". Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 56 (8): 1470–1478. doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.6b00264. PMID 27447367.
10. ↑ Vaucher, Alain C.; Reiher, Markus (2017). "Steering Orbital Optimization out of Local Minima and Saddle Points Toward Lower Energy". Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 13 (3): 1219–1228. doi:10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00011. PMID 28207264.
11. ↑ Miao, Haichao; De Llano, Elisa; Sorger, Johannes; Ahmadi, Yasaman; Kekic, Tadija; Isenberg, Tobias; Gröller, M. Eduard; Barišić, Ivan et al. (2017). "Multiscale Visualization and Scale-Adaptive Modification of DNA Nanostructures". IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 24 (1): 1014–1024. doi:10.1109/TVCG.2017.2743981. PMID 28866510. https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01581203/file/Miao_2018_MVS.pdf.
12. ↑ Artemova, Svetlana; Redon, Stephane (2012). "Adaptively Restrained Particle Simulations". Physical Review Letters 109 (19): 190201:1–5. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.190201. PMID 23215362. Bibcode: 2012PhRvL.109s0201A. https://hal.inria.fr/hal-00756121/document.
13. ↑ Bosson, Mael; Grudinin, Sergei; Bouju, Xavier; Redon, Stephane (2012). "Interactive physically-based structural modeling of hydrocarbon systems". Journal of Computational Physics 231 (6): 2581–2598. doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2011.12.006. Bibcode: 2012JCoPh.231.2581B.
14. ↑ Bosson, Mael; Grudinin, Sergei; Redon, Stephane (2013). "Block-Adaptive Quantum Mechanics: An Adaptive Divide-and-Conquer Approach to Interactive Quantum Chemistry". Journal of Computational Chemistry 34 (6): 492–504. doi:10.1002/jcc.23157. PMID 23108532.

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