Ultrix Window Manager

uwm

Uwm running in Slackware Linux with several windows open.

Original author(s)| Mike Gancarz, Bob Scheifler
Initial release| 1985
Written in| C
Operating system| Unix-like
Type| Window manager
License| Similar to BSD License

The Ultrix Window Manager (uwm) is a historic standard window manager software for the X Window System from X11R1 through X11R3 releases.[1] In fact, it was the only X11-compatible window manager as of X11R1.[2]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 Description
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## History

The Ultrix Window Manager was developed by the Digital Equipment Corporation for its Ultrix operating system. It was released in 1985. Shortly thereafter, it became included as part of the base X Window System distribution, beginning with X10R3. Initially, it was distributed alongside two other window managers (xwm and xnwm).

In 1986, the X Window System switched to version 11 of the protocol. Only uwm was ported, so it became the only window manager for X Window System until X11R4 release, where it was replaced by twm. Uwm has never been maintained since, although it has been patched for use in modern UNIX-like operating systems through the pkgsrc package manager.[3]

## Description

Unlike more recent window managers, uwm is not re-parenting, and does not place frames or title bars on windows. Instead, all window management functionality is accessed either by clicking on the root window to bring up a menu or by holding down the Meta key while clicking or dragging within windows. It is possible to configure the key and mouse button bindings and the contents of the menus by using a configuration file, a feature inherited by many later window managers.

Uwm does not provide ICCCM compatibility or multiple screen support.

Descendants of uwm include awm and Tekwm (the Tektronix Window Manager),[4] which also are currently not maintained.

## References

1. ↑ Mikes, S. (1992). X Window System Program Design and Development. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-201-55077-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=YrtQAAAAMAAJ. Retrieved 20 September 2018. "One of the most popular window managers since X was released is the Ultrix Window Manager, also known as (uwm), which provides very basic window management functions and a programmable interface for easy customization. A more ..."
2. ↑ Proffitt, Brian (2001-02-06). "From the Desktop: Tom LaStrange Speaks!: Talking with a Man Named Tom". p. 2. http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/reports/3000/2/.
3. ↑ "wm/uwm - The NetBSD Packages Collection". https://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/current/pkgsrc/wm/uwm/index.html.
4. ↑ Tekwm source code archive as of X11R4

## External links

* uwm source code and binaries (MIT Project Athena)

* v
* t
* e

Desktop environments and window managers based on X11 or Wayland

Desktop
environments
(comparison)|

| GTK-based|

* Budgie
* Cinnamon
* GNOME
* GPE
* LXDE
* MATE
* ROX Desktop
* Sugar
* Xfce

|

Qt-based|

* KDE Plasma
* Lumina
* LXQt (Razor-qt perpetuated)
* OPIE
* Trinity

Motif-based|

* CDE
* DECwindows
* IRIX Interactive Desktop
* VUE

Other|

* EDE (FLTK-based)
* Étoilé (GNUstep-based)
* Mezzo
* OpenWindows (OLIT-based)
* UDE (Xlib/XCB-based)
* Enlightenment (EFL-based)

Graphical
shells|

* GNOME Shell
* KDE Plasma 4
* KDE Plasma 5
* Maynard
* Unity

X window
managers
(comparison)|

| Compositing|

* Compiz
* KWin
* Metacity
* Muffin
* Mutter
* Xfwm
* Enlightenment

|

Stacking|

* 4Dwm
* 9wm
* AfterStep
* amiwm
* Blackbox
* CTWM
* cwm
* Fluxbox
* FLWM
* FVWM
* IceWM
* JWM
* Matchbox
* Motif Window Manager
* olwm
* Openbox
* Qvwm
* Sawfish
* swm
* twm
* tvtwm
* vtwm
* Window Maker
* WindowLab
* wm2

Tiling|

* awesome
* dwm
* i3
* Ion
* larswm
* ratpoison
* StumpWM
* wmii
* xmonad

Wayland
compositors|

* Enlightenment
* Gala
* KWin
* Mir
* Mutter
* Muffin
* Budgie-wm
* sway
* Weston

Related|

* Display server
* GUI
* GUI widget
* Painter's algorithm
* Resolution independence
* Shell
* Virtual desktop
* Widget toolkit
* WIMP
* Windowing system

* v
* t
* e

X Window System

Architecture|

* Core protocol
* X Window selection
* X Window authorization
* X11 color names
* X Input Method
* Wayland

Extensions|

* X Image Extension
* X keyboard extension
* RandR
* X Rendering Extension
* Shape extension
* Shared memory extension
* X Display Manager Control Protocol
* X video extension
* X-Video Motion Compensation
* AIGLX
* GLX
* Multi-Pointer X
* Display PostScript
* Composite
* Xinerama

Components
and notable
implementations|

| display servers|

* X.Org Server
* Cygwin/X
* X-Win32
* X386
* XFree86
* XDarwin
* Xming
* Xsgi
* Xsun
* Xgl
* Xephyr
* XQuartz
* XWayland

|

client libraries|

* Xlib
* XCB
* X Toolkit Intrinsics

display managers
session managers|

* GDM
* KDM
* SDDM
* XDM
* LightDM
* LXDM
* SLiM
* Entrance
* WDM

window managers
(comparison)|

| Compositing|

* Compiz
* KWin
* Metacity
* Mutter
* Xfwm
* Enlightenment

|

Stacking|

* AfterStep
* amiwm
* Blackbox
* cwm
* Fluxbox
* FVWM
* IceWM
* JWM
* Matchbox
* mwm
* Openbox
* Sawfish
* twm
* Window Maker

Tiling|

* awesome
* dwm
* i3
* Ion
* ratpoison
* wmii
* xmonad
* StumpWM
* larswm

Standards|

* ICCCM
* EWMH
* XDS
* freedesktop.org

Applications|

* xcalc
* xclock
* xedit
* xload
* xterm
* xeyes
* desktop environments

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