Strong topology

In mathematics, a strong topology is a topology which is stronger than some other "default" topology. This term is used to describe different topologies depending on context, and it may refer to:

* the final topology on the disjoint union
* the topology arising from a norm
* the strong operator topology
* the strong topology (polar topology), which subsumes all topologies above.

A topology τ is stronger than a topology σ (is a finer topology) if τ contains all the open sets of σ.[1]

In algebraic geometry, it usually means the topology of an algebraic variety as complex manifold or subspace of complex projective space, as opposed to the Zariski topology (which is rarely even a Hausdorff space).

## See also

* Weak topology

## References

1. ↑ Bourbaki, N. (3 August 1998) (in en). General Topology: Chapters 1-4. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 29. ISBN 978-3-540-64241-1. https://www.google.com/books/edition/General_Topology/kTFSfmsjDM0C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq="strong+topology"+-wikipedia&pg=PA29&printsec=frontcover. Retrieved 20 February 2026.

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