Web Open Font Format

Web Open Font FormatFilename extension|

* `.woff`
* `.woff2`

|

Internet media type|

* `font/woff`
* `font/woff2`
* `application/font-woff` (deprecated)[1][2]

Magic number|

* 77 4F 46 46 ("wOFF" in ASCII)
* 77 4F 46 32 ("wOF2" in ASCII)

Developed by| W3C
Type of format| Font file
Container for| SFNT fonts
Website|

* w3.org/TR/WOFF/
* w3.org/TR/WOFF2/

The Web Open Font Format (WOFF) is a font format for use in web pages. WOFF files are OpenType or TrueType fonts, with format-specific compression applied and additional XML metadata added. The two primary goals are first to distinguish font files intended for use as web fonts from fonts files intended for use in desktop applications via local installation, and second to reduce web font latency when fonts are transferred from a server to a client over a network connection.

## Contents

* 1 Standardization
* 2 Specification
* 3 Browser support
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Standardization

The first draft of WOFF 1 was published in 2009 by Jonathan Kew, Tal Leming, and Erik van Blokland,[3] with reference conversion code written by Jonathan Kew.[4] Following the submission of WOFF to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) by the Mozilla Foundation, Opera Software and Microsoft in April 2010,[5][6] the W3C commented that it expected WOFF to soon become the "single, interoperable [font] format" supported by all browsers.[7] The W3C published WOFF as a working draft in July 2010.[8][9] The final draft was published as a W3C Recommendation on 13 December 2012.[10]

WOFF 2.0 significantly improved compression efficiency compared to WOFF 1.0, primarily through the introduction of Brotli, a new byte-level compression algorithm developed by Jyrki Alakuijala and Zoltan Szabadka. Brotli's effectiveness led to its widespread adoption, notably for HTTP content encoding. WOFF 2.0 was standardized as a W3C Recommendation in March 2018,[11] with Google providing the reference implementation.[12]

Each version of the format has received the backing of many type foundries.[13]

## Specification

WOFF is a wrapper containing SFNT-based fonts (TrueType or OpenType) that have been compressed using a WOFF-specific encoding tool so they can be embedded in a Web page.[14] WOFF Version 1 uses the widely available zlib compression (specifically, the compress2 function),[14] typically resulting in a file size reduction for TrueType files of over 40%.[15] Since OpenType CFF files (with PostScript glyph outlines) are already compressed, their reduction is typically smaller.[16]

## Browser support

Major web browsers support WOFF:

* Firefox since version 3.6[17]
* Google Chrome since version 6.0[18]
* Internet Explorer since version 9[19]
* Konqueror since KDE 4.4.1[20]
* Microsoft Edge
* Opera since version 11.10[21] (Presto 2.7.81)[22]
* Safari[23] 5.1[24]
* other WebKit-based browsers since WebKit build 528[25][26]

WOFF 2.0 is supported in:

* Google Chrome (since version 36),[27]
* Edge (since version 14),[28]
* Opera (since version 26),[29]
* Firefox (since version 35)[30]
* Safari (since version 10).[31]

Some browsers enforce a same-origin policy, preventing WOFF fonts from being used across different domains. This restriction is part of the CSS 3 Fonts module,[32] where it applies to all font formats and can be overridden by the server providing the font.

Some servers may require the manual addition of WOFF's MIME type to serve the files correctly.[33] Since February 2017, the proper MIME type is `font/woff` for WOFF 1.0 and `font/woff2` for WOFF 2.0.[1][2] Prior to February 2017, the standard MIME type for WOFF 1.0 was `application/font-woff`, and some applications may still use the old type, though it is now deprecated.[1]

## See also

* Web typography

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Media Types". IANA. 2017-10-12. https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lilley, Chris (February 2017). The "font" Top-Level Media Type. IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC8081. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8081. Retrieved 2017-10-17.
3. ↑ Kew (Mozilla), Jonathan; Leming (Type Supply), Tal; van Blokland (LettError), Erik (2009-10-23), WOFF File Format (draft of 2009-10-23), Mozilla Foundation, https://people.mozilla.org/~jkew/woff/woff-spec-latest.html, retrieved 2010-01-30
4. ↑ WOFF conversion reference code, https://people.mozilla.org/~jkew/woff/, retrieved May 8, 2016
5. ↑ WOFF File Format 1.0 Submission Request to W3C
6. ↑ Galineau, Sylvain (2010-04-23), Meet WOFF, The Standard Web Font Format, Microsoft, http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2010/04/23/meet-woff-the-standard-web-font-format.aspx
7. ↑ Team Comment on "WOFF File Format 1.0" Submission
8. ↑ WOFF - Now loading fonts on websites, The H, 2010-07-28, http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/WOFF-Now-loading-fonts-on-websites-1047073.html
9. ↑ Buckler, Craig (2010-08-17), W3C Backs the WOFF WebFont Standard, SitePoint, http://www.sitepoint.com/blogs/2010/08/17/w3c-backs-the-woff-webfont-standard/
10. ↑ "WOFF File Format 1.0". https://www.w3.org/TR/WOFF/Overview.html.
11. ↑ W3C: WOFF File Format 2.0
12. ↑ Reference WOFF2 generation code, https://github.com/google/woff2, retrieved May 8, 2016
13. ↑ Wardle, Tiffany (2009-07-16), Most of the important foundries are supporting #webfont, http://typegirl.tumblr.com/post/142912558/most-of-the-important-foundries-are-supporting-webfont, retrieved 2010-02-05
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Kew (Mozilla), Jonathan; Leming (Type Supply), Tal; van Blokland (LettError), Erik (2009-10-23), WOFF File Format (draft of 2009-10-23), Mozilla Foundation, https://people.mozilla.org/~jkew/woff/woff-spec-latest.html, retrieved 2010-01-30
15. ↑ Stefanov, Stoyan (2009-10-20), @font-face gzipping - take II, PHPied.com, http://www.phpied.com/font-face-gzipping-take-ii, retrieved 2010-01-30
16. ↑ "The Typekit Blog | Type rendering: Font outlines and file formats". http://blog.typekit.com/2010/12/08/type-rendering-font-outlines-and-file-formats/.
17. ↑ Shapiro, Melissa (2009-10-20), Mozilla Supports Web Open Font Format, Mozilla Foundation, http://blog.mozilla.com/blog/2009/10/20/mozilla-supports-web-open-font-format/, retrieved 2010-02-05
18. ↑ Colyer, Matt (2010-09-21), Typekit adds Chrome 6 WOFF support, Typekit, http://blog.typekit.com/2010/09/21/typekit-adds-chrome-6-woff-support/
19. ↑ Hachamovitch, Dean (2010-06-23), HTML5, Native: Third IE9 Platform Preview Available for Developers, Microsoft, http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2010/06/23/html5-native-third-ie9-platform-preview-available-for-developers.aspx
20. ↑ KDE SVN Revision 1088984, KDE Bugzilla, 2010-02-12, http://websvn.kde.org/?view=revision&revision=1088984, retrieved 2011-10-14
21. ↑ A first glimpse at Opera 11.10 "Barracuda", Opera Software, 2011-02-17, http://my.opera.com/desktopteam/blog/2011/02/17/a-first-glimpse-at-barracuda, retrieved 2011-02-17
22. ↑ Web specifications support in Opera Presto 2.7, Opera, //www.opera.com/docs/specs/presto27/
23. ↑ Safari Features, Apple, 2011-06-06, https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#safari, retrieved 2011-10-14
24. ↑ Safari 5.1 Changelog, FileHippo.com, http://www.filehippo.com/download_safari/changelog/10252/, retrieved 2011-10-14
25. ↑ Bug 38217 - [chromium] Add WOFF support, WebKit, https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=38217
26. ↑ Bug 31302 - Add WOFF support for @font-face, WebKit, https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=31302
27. ↑ Chromium 36 Release Notes, Google, //blog.chromium.org/2014/05/chrome-36-beta-elementanimate-html.html
28. ↑ Speed up page load with WOFF 2.0 fonts in Microsoft Edge, Microsoft, 3 May 2016, https://blogs.windows.com/msedgedev/2016/05/03/woff2-fonts-in-microsoft-edge/
29. ↑ Opera 26 Release Notes, Opera Software ASA, https://dev.opera.com/blog/opera-23/
30. ↑ Firefox 35 Release Notes, Mozilla Developer Network, https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Firefox/Releases/35
31. ↑ What's new in Safari, Apple, https://developer.apple.com/library/content/releasenotes/General/WhatsNewInSafari/Articles/Safari_10_0.html
32. ↑ CSS Fonts Module Level 3
33. ↑ "Webfonts are not loading in Firefox". Fontspring. //www.fontspring.com/support/troubleshooting/webfonts-are-not-loading-in-firefox.

## External links

* Current specification of the WOFF 1.0 file format at the World Wide Web Consortium's website
* Current specification of the WOFF 2.0 file format at the World Wide Web Consortium's website

* v
* t
* e

Typography

Page|

* Canons of page construction
* Column
* Even working
* Margin
* Page numbering
* Pagination
* Pull quote
* Recto and verso

Paragraph|

* Alignment
* Leading
* River
* Sentence spacing
* Widows and orphans

Character|

| Typeface anatomy|

* Counter
* Diacritics
* Dingbat
* Glyph
* Initial
* Kerning
* Letter-spacing
* Ligature
* Subscript and superscript
* Swash
* Text figures
* Tittle

|

Capitalization|

* All caps
* Camel case
* Letter case
* Small caps

Visual distinction|

* Italics
* Oblique
* Bold
* Color printing
* Underline
* Blackboard bold
* Blackletter

Vertical aspects|

* Ascender
* Baseline
* Cap height
* Descender
* Median
* Overshoot
* x-height

Classifications|

| Roman type|

* Antiqua
* Didone
* Sans-serif
* Script
* Serif
* Slab serif
* Reverse-contrast

|

Blackletter type|

* Fraktur
* Rotunda
* Schwabacher

Gaelic type|

* Insular
* Uncial

Specialist|

* Record type

Punctuation|

* Dashes
* Hanging punctuation
* Hyphen-minus
* Hyphenation
* Prime mark
* Quotation mark

Typesetting|

* Etaoin shrdlu
* Font
* computer
* monospaced
* Font catalog
* For position only
* Letterpress
* Lorem ipsum
* Microprint
* Microtypography
* Movable type
* Pangram
* Phototypesetting
* Punchcutting
* Type color
* Type design
* Typeface
* list

Typographic units|

* Agate
* Cicero
* Em
* En
* Figure space
* Measure
* Paren space
* Pica
* Point
* traditional point-size names
* Proposed metric units
* Thin space
* Twip

Digital typography|

* Character encoding
* Hinting
* Rasterization
* Typographic features
* Web typography

Related|

* Calligraphy
* Intentionally blank page
* Style guide
* Type foundry
* History
* Intellectual property protection of typefaces

* Category

* v
* t
* e

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

Products and
standards|

| Recommendations|

* ActivityPub
* ARIA
* Canonical XML
* CDF
* CSS
* DOM
* Geolocation API
* HTML (HTML5)
* ITS
* JSON-LD
* Linked Data Notifications
* MathML
* Micropub
* OWL
* PLS
* RDF
* RDF Schema
* SISR
* SKOS
* SMIL
* SOAP
* SRGS
* SRI
* SSML
* SVG
* SCXML
* SHACL
* SPARQL
* Timed text
* VoiceXML
* Web storage
* WSDL
* Webmention
* WebSub
* XForms
* XHTML
* XHTML+RDFa
* XInclude
* XLink
* XML
* XML Base
* XML Encryption
* XML Events
* XML Information Set
* XML namespace
* XML Schema
* XML Signature
* XOP
* XPath
* XPath 2.0
* XPointer
* XProc
* XQuery
* XSL
* XSL-FO
* XSLT (elements)

|

Notes|

* IndieAuth
* JF2
* Post Type Discovery
* XAdES
* XHTML+SMIL
* XUP

Working drafts|

* CCXML
* CURIE
* EME
* InkML
* MSE
* RIF
* SMIL Timesheets
* sXBL
* XFDL
* XFrames
* XBL
* XMLHttpRequest

Guidelines|

* Web Content Accessibility Guidelines

Initiative|

* Multimodal Interaction Activity (MMI)
* Markup Validation Service
* Web Accessibility Initiative
* WebPlatform

Deprecated|

* C-HTML
* HDML
* JSSS
* PGML
* VML
* XHTML+MathML+SVG

Obsoleted|

* P3P

Organizations|

* Advisory Committee (AC)
* World Wide Web Foundation

Elected groups|

* Advisory Board (AB)

Working groups|

* CSS
* Geolocation
* Social Web
* SVG
* Web Hypertext Application Technology (WHATWG)
* Web Platform

Community groups|

* Web Incubator Community Group (WICG)

Closed groups|

* Device Description (DDWG)
* HTML

Software|

* CERN httpd
* Libwww

Browsers|

* Line Mode (1990–)
* Arena (1993–98)
* Agora (1994–97)
* Argo (1994–97)
* Amaya (browser/editor, 1996–2012)

Conferences|

* International World Wide Web Conference (IW3C)
* Steering Committee (IW3C2)
* First conference ("WWW1", 1994)

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web Open Font Format. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Web_Open_Font_Format&oldid=3982006"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template