XML validation

XML validation is the process of checking a document written in XML (eXtensible Markup Language) to confirm that it is both well-formed and also "valid" in that it follows a defined structure. A well-formed document follows the basic syntactic rules of XML, which are the same for all XML documents.[1] A valid document also respects the rules dictated by a particular DTD or XML schema.[2] Automated tools – validators – can perform well-formedness tests and many other validation tests, but not those that require human judgement, such as correct application of a schema to a data set.

## Standards

* OASIS CAM is a standard specification that provides contextual validation of content and structure that is more flexible than basic schema validations.
* Schematron, a method for advanced XML validation.

## Tools

* xmllint is a command line XML tool that can perform XML validation. It can be found in UNIX / Linux environments.
* XML toolkit. The XML C parser and toolkit of Gnome - libxml includes xmllint
* XML Validator Online Validate your XML data.
* XML Schema Validator Validate XML files against an XML Schema.

## References

1. ↑ "Well-Formed XML Documents". Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1. W3C. 2004. http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml11-20040204/#sec-well-formed.
2. ↑ "Constraints and Validation Rules". XML Schema Part 1: Structures Second Edition. W3C. 2004. http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/#concepts-schemaConstraints.

Articles discussing XML validation

* DEVX March, 2009 - Taking XML Validation to the Next Level: Introducing CAM

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