ADHD predominantly inattentive

WikiDoc Resources for ADHD predominantly inattentive

Articles

Most recent articles on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Most cited articles on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Review articles on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Articles on ADHD predominantly inattentive in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Images of ADHD predominantly inattentive

Photos of ADHD predominantly inattentive

Podcasts & MP3s on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Videos on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Bandolier on ADHD predominantly inattentive

TRIP on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on ADHD predominantly inattentive at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Clinical Trials on ADHD predominantly inattentive at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on ADHD predominantly inattentive

NICE Guidance on ADHD predominantly inattentive

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on ADHD predominantly inattentive

CDC on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Books

Books on ADHD predominantly inattentive

News

ADHD predominantly inattentive in the news

Be alerted to news on ADHD predominantly inattentive

News trends on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Commentary

Blogs on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Definitions

Definitions of ADHD predominantly inattentive

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Discussion groups on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Patient Handouts on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Directions to Hospitals Treating ADHD predominantly inattentive

Risk calculators and risk factors for ADHD predominantly inattentive

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of ADHD predominantly inattentive

Causes & Risk Factors for ADHD predominantly inattentive

Diagnostic studies for ADHD predominantly inattentive

Treatment of ADHD predominantly inattentive

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on ADHD predominantly inattentive

International

ADHD predominantly inattentive en Espanol

ADHD predominantly inattentive en Francais

Business

ADHD predominantly inattentive in the Marketplace

Patents on ADHD predominantly inattentive

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to ADHD predominantly inattentive

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 2 Differences from traditional ADHD
* 3 Symptoms
* 3.1 DSM-IV criteria
* 3.2 Examples of observed symptoms
* 4 See also
* 5 References

## Overview

[edit | edit source]

ADHD predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I or ADHD-PI) is one of the three subtypes of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). While ADHD-PI is commonly referred to as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) without hyperactivity, the terms "ADD" and "attention-deficit disorder" are no longer recognized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV).

## Differences from traditional ADHD

[edit | edit source]

ADHD-I is different from the other subtypes of ADHD in that it is characterized by inattention, daydreaming and lethargy, but with little to none of the hyperactivity, impulsiveness or conduct disorders typical of the other three ADHD subtypes ("ADHD predominantly hyperactive/impulsive", "ADHD combined", and "ADHD not otherwise specified."). It is less studied and less understood than ADHD with hyperactivity because those with ADHD-I are not as disruptive or active as those with "standard" ADHD and are less likely to be diagnosed[citation needed].

There has been some debate[citation needed] as to whether all adults who meet the ADHD-I criteria should in fact receive that diagnosis. It has been noted frequently[citation needed] that hyperactive children will lose some or all of their hyperactive symptoms as they get older while retaining inattentive and impulsive symptoms. Some researchers have suggested that these former hyperactive children should receive the ADHD-combined diagnosis. Hallowell and Ratey (2005) suggest[1] that the manifestation of hyperactivity simply changes with adolescence and adulthood, becoming a more generalized restlessness or tendency to fidget.

In the DSM-III, sluggishness, drowsiness, and daydreaming were listed as characteristics of ADHD. The symptoms were removed from the ADHD criteria in DSM-IV because, although those with ADHD-I were found to have these symptoms, this only occurred with the absence of hyperactive symptoms. These distinct symptoms were described as sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT). There is some debate[citation needed] if those with SCT symptoms may be a homogeneous grouping. It has been estimated that approximately half of those with ADHD-I can be better described as having SCT symptoms.[citation needed]

Some experts, such as Dr. Russell Barkley,[2] argue that ADHD-I is so different from "traditional" ADHD that it should be regarded as a distinct disorder. Barkley cites different symptoms among those with ADHD-I -- particularly the almost complete lack of conduct disorders and high-risk, thrill-seeking behavior -- and markedly different responses to stimulant medication.

## Symptoms

[edit | edit source]

### DSM-IV criteria

[edit | edit source]

The DSM-IV allows for diagnosis of the predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD if the individual presents six or more of the following symptoms of inattention for at least six months to a point that is disruptive and inappropriate for developmental level:

1. Often does not give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, work, or other activities.
2. Often has trouble keeping attention on tasks or play activities.
3. Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly.
4. Often does not follow instructions and fails to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace (not due to oppositional behavior or failure to understand instructions).
5. Often has trouble organizing activities.
6. Often avoids, dislikes, or doesn't want to do things that take a lot of mental effort for a long period of time (such as schoolwork or homework).
7. Often loses things needed for tasks and activities (e.g. toys, school assignments, pencils, books, or tools).
8. Is often easily distracted.
9. Is often forgetful in daily activities.

A requirement for an ADHD-I diagnosis is that of the symptoms that cause impairment must have been present before seven years of age, and symptoms must be present in two or more settings (e.g., at school or work and at home). There must also be clear evidence of clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning. Lastly, the symptoms must not occur exclusively during the course of a pervasive developmental disorder, schizophrenia, or other psychotic disorder, and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder (e.g., mood disorder, anxiety disorder, dissociative disorder, personality disorder.)

### Examples of observed symptoms

[edit | edit source]

Children [3]

* Failing to pay close attention to details or making careless mistakes when doing schoolwork or other activities
* Trouble keeping attention focused during play or tasks
* Appearing not to listen when spoken to
* Failing to follow instructions or finish tasks
* Avoiding tasks that require a high amount of mental effort and organization, such as school projects
* Frequently losing items required to facilitate tasks or activities, such as school supplies
* Excessive distractibility
* Forgetfulness
* Procrastination, inability to begin an activity
* Difficulties completing household chores

Adults [4]

* Often making careless mistakes when having to work on uninteresting or difficult projects
* Often having difficulty keeping attention during work
* Often having difficulty concentrating on conversations
* Having trouble finishing projects that have already been started
* Often having difficulty organizing for the completion of tasks
* Avoiding or delaying in starting projects that require a lot of thought
* Often misplacing or having difficulty finding things at home or at work
* Often distracted by activity or noise
* Often having problems remembering appointments or obligations

## See also

[edit | edit source]

* Adult attention-deficit disorder
* Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder for main article
* Auditory processing disorder
* Chemical imbalance theory
* Educational psychology
* School psychology
* Sensory integration disorder
* Sluggish cognitive tempo
* Wilson's syndrome

## References

[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ Hallowell, Edward M. and John J. Ratey (2005). Delivered from Distraction : Getting the Most out of Life with Attention Deficit Disorder. New York: Ballantine Books, p. 253–5. ISBN 0-345-44231-8
2. ↑ "Russell Barkley on AD/HD" (2000)
3. ↑ What we know National Resource Center on AD/HD
4. ↑ WHO adult AD/HD inattentive symptoms [1] National Resource Center on ADHD

cs:ADHD da:ADHD de:Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung fa:اختلال‌ کم‌‌توجهی‌ - بیش‌فعالی‌ fi:Tarkkaavaisuus- ja ylivilkkaushäiriö he:הפרעת קשב ריכוז והיפראקטיביות hr:ADHD is:Athyglisbrestur nl:ADHD nn:ADHD no:Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder sv:ADHD Template:WikiDoc Sources