Alcohol dependence

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

## Overview

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Alcohol dependence, as described in the DSM-IV, is a psychiatric diagnosis describing a physical dependence on alcohol. It is differentiated from alcohol abuse by the presence of symptoms such as tolerance and withdrawal. Alcohol dependence is sometimes referred to by the less specific term alcoholism. However, many definitions of alcoholism exist, and only some are compatible with alcohol abuse.

About 12% of American adults have had an alcohol dependence problem at some time in their life.[1]

## References

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1. ↑ Hasin D; et al. (2007). "Prevalence, Correlates, Disability, and Comorbidity of DSM-IV Alcohol Abuse and Dependence in the United States". Archives of General Psychiatry. 64 (7).CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)

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WHO ICD-10 mental and behavioral disorders (F * 290–319)

Neurological/symptomatic|

Dementia (Alzheimer's disease, multi-infarct dementia, Pick's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, AIDS dementia complex, Frontotemporal dementia) * Delirium * Post-concussion syndrome

Psychoactive substance|

Intoxication (drunkenness) * Physical dependence (alcohol dependence, opioid dependency, cocaine dependence) * Withdrawal (benzodiazepine withdrawal, delirium tremens) *
Amnesic: (Korsakoff's syndrome)

Psychotic disorder|

Schizophrenia (disorganized schizophrenia) * Schizotypal personality disorder * Delusional disorder * Folie à deux * Schizoaffective disorder

Mood (affective)|

Mania * Bipolar disorder * Clinical depression * Cyclothymia * Dysthymia

Neurotic, stress-related
and somatoform|

Agoraphobia * Anxiety disorder * Panic disorder * Generalized anxiety disorder * Social Anxiety Disorder * OCD * Acute stress reaction * PTSD * Adjustment disorder * Conversion disorder (Ganser syndrome) * Somatoform disorder * Somatization disorder * Neurasthenia

Physiological/physical
behavioural|

Eating disorder (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa) * Sleep disorder (dyssomnia, insomnia, hypersomnia, parasomnia, night terror, nightmare) *
Sexual dysfunction (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, vaginismus, dyspareunia, hypersexuality) * Postpartum depression

Adult personality
and behaviour|

Personality disorder * Passive-aggressive behavior * Kleptomania * Trichotillomania * Voyeurism * Factitious disorder * Munchausen syndrome * Ego-dystonic sexual orientation

Mental retardation|

Mental retardation

Psychological development
(developmental disorder)|

Specific: speech and language (expressive language disorder, aphasia, expressive aphasia, receptive aphasia, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, lisp) * Scholastic skills (dyslexia, dysgraphia, Gerstmann syndrome) * Motor function (developmental dyspraxia)
Pervasive: Autism * Rett syndrome * Asperger syndrome

Behavioural and emotional,
childhood and adolescence onset|

ADHD * Conduct disorder * Oppositional defiant disorder * Separation anxiety disorder * Selective mutism * Reactive attachment disorder * Tic disorder * Tourette syndrome * Speech (stuttering * cluttering)

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