Atypical pneumonia

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Template:Pagename is a term used to describe a disease caused by one or a combination of the following organisms:

## Causes

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* Legionella pneumophila: Causes a severe form of pneumonia with a relatively high mortality rate, known as legionellosis or Legionnaires' disease..
* Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Usually occurs in younger age groups and may be associated with neurological and systemic (e.g. rashes) symptoms.
* Chlamydophila pneumoniae: Mild form of pneumonia with relatively mild symptoms.
* The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was also considered a kind of atypical pneumonia and is still called so in the Chinese mainland.

## Symptoms

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* Symptoms include pyrexia, shortness of breath, laboured breathing, cough, arthralgia (joint pain), malaise, loss of appetite, confusion, rash, and diarrhea.

## Differential diagnosis

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Consider causes of prolonged acute bronchitis:

* Mycoplasma pneumonia
* Chlamydia pneumoniae
* Bordetella pertussis

## Treatment

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* Treatment is with oral antibiotics, mainly with those which interfere with protein synthesis e.g. erythromycin, and diagnosis is confirmed by blood cultures and sputum samples.

Azithromycin can treat:

* Mycoplasma pneumonia
* Chlamydia pneumoniae
* Bordetella pertussis

## Prognosis

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* Prognosis is usually good and is influenced by age and immunosuppression.

## References

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