Biomedical Equipment Technician

A Biomedical Equipment Technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed by hospitals, clinics, and the military; BMETs are highly skilled technicians responsible for ensuring medical equipment is deemed serviceable, safe, and properly configured to meet the mission of a hospital organization. These men and women are responsible for installing, inspecting, repairing, calibration, preventive maintenance, education, and modification of biomedical equipment and support systems. BMETs advise staff and other agencies on theory of operation, basic physiological principles, and safe clinical application of biomedical equipment maintaining the facility's patient care and medical staff equipment.

The acceptance of the Biomedical Equipment Technician in the private sector was given a big push in 1970 when consumer advocate Ralph Nader wrote an article in which he claimed, "At least 1,200 people a year are electrocuted and many more are killed or injured in needless electrical accidents in hospitals.

These technicians perform much work in the biomedical/clinical engineering field that consists of and cover a vast array of different fields and devices.

Examples of different areas of biomedical equipment technology are: Radiographic and flouroscopic x-ray, Diagnostic ultrasound, LASERs, Mamography, Telemedicine, Film image processing, Nuclear Medicine, Gamma cameras, Positron emission tomography (PET), Medical imaging, Computed Topography (CT), Electron microscope, Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS), Magnetic Resonance Imaging instrument (MRI scanner), Physiological monitoring, Sterilization, Dental, Optometry, Surgical, Anesthesia, Laboratory, Dialysis, Respiratory Services (ventilators) Computers, and Information Technology

BMETs work closely with Medical Materiel personnel to obtain parts, supplies, and equipment and even closer with facility management to coordinate equipment installations requiring certain facility requirements/modifications.

## Contents

* 1 Regulatory issues
* 2 Biomedical equipment technology training
* 3 Professional certification
* 4 Employment
* 5 Military Roles
* 5.1 United States Air Force
* 5.2 United States Army
* 5.3 United States Navy
* 6 Personal Characteristics
* 7 External links
* 8 Further reading
* 9 References
* 10 External links

## Regulatory issues

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Federal and State Regulatory issues are never far from the mind of a biomedical equipment technician. We must satisfy safety regulations, most biomedical systems must have documentation to show that they were managed, modified, tested, delivered, and used according to a planned, approved quality assurance process. This thought is used to increase the quality and safety of diagnostics and therapeutic equipment using risk management practices by reducing the risk that a patient or staff could be harmed by that piece of equipment. In the United States, BMETs may operate under various different regulatory frameworks. Clinical devices and technologies are generally governed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA 99) particularly chapter 7, NFPA 70, Life Safety Code 101, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 21, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) hospital or Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Health Care standards; and ensures compliance with these codes and standards for the US government registry of biomedical devices.

Other countries typically have their own mechanisms for regulation.

## Biomedical equipment technology training

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Traditionally, biomedical equipment technology has been an interdisciplinary field to specialize in after completing an Associate degree in Biomedical Equipment Technology, Biomedical Electronics Technology or Biomedical Engineering Technology. Some BMETs get their training through the military.

Most entry level BMETs enter into the field with a 2-year associates degree in biomedical equipment technology, or they spend around one year in full time military training. A 4-year graduate is an applied engineer that perform the same medical equipment management duties similar to a clinical engineering(known as clinical engineer), BMET Manager, or Director/Executive. Practical experience is gained through internships. Continuing education in the form of service schools is typically provided by specific medical device manufacturers.

## Professional certification

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Many BMETs pursue professional certification, such as satisfying certain education requirements and passing an examination to become a certified biomedical equipment technican (CBET). There are two other certifications BMETs can obtain such as: radiology equipment specialists (CRES), and Certified Laboratory Equipment Specialists (CLES). In many cases, carrying the title of "CBET" is highly encouraged, not mandatory, and is respected within the technical community.

## Employment

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In-House: BMETs work in the hospital's Biomedical or Clinical Engineering Department, but can also find employment with a third-party independent service organization (ISO) or original equipment manufacturer (OEM).

Field Service: BMETs working for an OEM or ISO are many times called Field Service Engineers (FSE). FSE are more narrowly focused and specialized technicians who support Service and Sales.

Both must face increased risk of contact with electrical, mechanical, high pressure steam, noise, blood borne diseases, LASERs, chemicals and nuclear contaminates.

## Military Roles

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All military members entering the BMET career field receive comprehensive down to the component level and theory technical training at the DoD Biomedical Equipment Technician Training School. This school has a partnership with Aims Community College where students receive 81 quarter credits (from the Community College of the Air Force) toward an Associate of Applied Science (A.A.S.) Degree with an emphasis in Biomedical Electronic Technology. In addition to the credits acquired from DoD BMET Training School, a minimum of 24 credits must be completed through Aims Community College to receive a degree.

### United States Air Force

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* Job Code 4A2X1 (where X represents the corresponding skill level 3, 5, 7 or 9)
* Air Force Instruction 41-201, "Managing Clinical Engineering Programs" is essentially the Air Force BMET's bible.
* More at about.com
* More at airforce.com
* Career Field Education & Training Plan (pdf)

### United States Army

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* Military Occupation Specialty (MOS) 68A.
* The Army recently redesignated this MOS from 91A to MOS 68A.
* More at about.com
* More at goarmy.com

### United States Navy

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* Navy Enlisted Codes HM-8479, HM-8478 and HM-8732 (Dental Repair Technician)
* More regarding HM-8479 Basic BMET at about.com
* More regarding HM-8478 Advanced BMET at about.com

History of the HM-8410 NEC

October 30, 2006 - HM-8410 was established and HM-8732 NEC was disestabilshed. Former HM-8732s were DNEC and given the 8479 NEC. This was done only due to the fact that the HM-8732 was disestabilished. HM-8732 billets were converted to HM-8479 billets.

January 1, 2007, HM-8478 and HM-8479 have converted to one NEC: HM-8410

* Navy BMETs follow the guidelines stated in the NAVMED P-5132. The most current instruction is the NAVMEDLOGCOMINST 6700.1

## Personal Characteristics

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The best characteristics of an "excellent" BMET are someone that can...

Meets or exceeds departmental performance indicator standards on a consistent basis.
Maintains a professional appearance and demeanor.
Demonstrates initiative and concern for planning, time utilization, and cost containment.
Maintains good personal relationships with fellow workers, nursing and medical staff.
Maintains accurate, detailed, and timely documentation.
Maintains a clean, fun, and safe work place.
Performs all duties related to this position as they are needed.
Develops and implements a plan for professional and educational growth.
Enjoys a good challenege and always ready to meet new ones.

Due to the wide range of equipment and systems managed, extensive communication with those from management and other healthcare disciplines is required. Life threating decisions rapidly solved with team approaches improve medical care delivery and cost effectiveness. Biomeds work nationally to advance process and improve equipment and devices. Biomeds are called for almost any new emergency as in house experts on a broad range of challenges. Biomeds monitor safety throughout the healthcare facilities and document trends. BMETs respond at all hours often coordinating service if unable to perform a direct repair. BMETS help select and create new systems hospitalwide and worldwide.

## External links

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Organizations

* Clinical Engineering Consultants, Inc.
* EBME Biomedical & Clinical Engineering

Associations

* META - Medical Equipment & Technology Association
* AAMI - Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation
* CMIA - California Medical Instrumentation Association
* SETCES - SouthEast Texas Clinical Engineering Society

Informational Sites

* BMET wiki
* The Biomed blog

## Further reading

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More at amazon.com...

* Khandpur, R. S. "Biomedical Instrumentation: Technology and Applications". McGraw Hills

* Dyro, Joseph., Clinical Engineering Handbook (Biomedical Engineering).

* Yadin David, Wolf W. von Maltzahn, Michael R. Neuman, and Joseph D. Bronzino,. Clinical Engineering (Principles and Applications in Engineering).

* Webb, Andrew G., "Introduction to Biomedical Imaging (IEEE Press Series on Biomedical Engineering)".

* Northrop, Robert B., "Noninvasive Instrumentation and Measurement in Medical Diagnosis (Biomedical Engineering)".
* 24x7 Magazine: BMETs online resources for products/service news

## References

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## External links

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* Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI)
* Baltimore Medical Engineers and Technicians Society (BMETS)
* Biomedical Equipment Technology at Texas State Technical College Waco

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