Bladder cancer history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:  Farima Kahe M.D. [2] Shanshan Cen, M.D. [3]

## Overview

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The most common symptoms of bladder cancer include hematuria, urinary frequency , urinary urgency, difficulty urinating, and dysuria.

## History and Symptoms

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### History

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Patients with bladder cancer may have a positive history of:[1][2]

* Exposure to arsenic, aristolochic acid
* Receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy agents
* Chronic urinary tract infection

### Common Symptoms

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Common symptoms of bladder cancer include:[3][4][5]

* Hematuria
* Urinary frequency
* Urinary urgency
* Difficulty urinating
* Dysuria

### Less Common Symptoms

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Less common symptoms of baldder cancer include:

* Loss of appetite
* Weight loss
* Anemia
* Fever
* Change in bowel habits
* Pain in the rectum, anus, pelvis, flank above the pubic bone, or in bones
* Lump in the pelvis
* Swelling in the legs, scrotum, or vulva

## References

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1. ↑ Koutros S, Silverman DT, Alavanja MC, Andreotti G, Lerro CC, Heltshe S, Lynch CF, Sandler DP, Blair A, Beane Freeman LE (June 2016). "Occupational exposure to pesticides and bladder cancer risk". Int J Epidemiol. 45 (3): 792–805. doi:10.1093/ije/dyv195. PMC 5005942. PMID 26411407.
2. ↑ Letašiová S, Medve'ová A, Šovčíková A, Dušinská M, Volkovová K, Mosoiu C, Bartonová A (June 2012). "Bladder cancer, a review of the environmental risk factors". Environ Health. 11 Suppl 1: S11. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-11-S1-S11. PMC 3388449. PMID 22759493.
3. ↑ Metts MC, Metts JC, Milito SJ, Thomas CR (June 2000). "Bladder cancer: a review of diagnosis and management". J Natl Med Assoc. 92 (6): 285–94. PMC 2640522. PMID 10918764.
4. ↑ Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C (April 2012). "Identifying patients with suspected renal tract cancer in primary care: derivation and validation of an algorithm". Br J Gen Pract. 62 (597): e251–60. doi:10.3399/bjgp12X636074. PMC 3310031. PMID 22520912.
5. ↑ Zhou J, Kelsey KT, Smith S, Giovannucci E, Michaud DS (June 2015). "Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Risk of Bladder Cancer in Men: Results From the Health Professionals Follow-up Study". Urology. 85 (6): 1312–8. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2015.02.024. PMC 4479979. PMID 25863833.

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