Carcinoma of the penis laboratory tests

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];  Swathi Venkatesan, M.B.B.S.[2]

## Overivew

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No specific laboratory studies or tumor markers are diagnostic for penile cancer [1]. Some patients with carcinoma of the penis may have elevated concentration of serum calcium, which is usually suggestive of bone metastases.

## Laboratory Tests

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* Blood chemistry tests

* Elevated serum calcium

* Hypercalcemia may indicate damage to the bone

## References

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1. ↑ Hakenberg OW, Compérat EM, Minhas S, Necchi A, Protzel C, Watkin N (2015). "EAU guidelines on penile cancer: 2014 update". Eur Urol. 67 (1): 142–150. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2014.10.017. PMID 25457021.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)

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