Cholangiocarcinoma epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2] [3], Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [4]

## Overview

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The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma is approximately 1-2 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. The prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma is approximately 0.01% to 0.46% per 100,000 individuals. Patients of all age groups may develop cholangiocarcinoma. Cholangiocarcinoma is more common in males than in females.

## Epidemiology and Demographics

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### Incidence

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* The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma is approximately 1-2 per 100,000 individuals in the United States.
* The highest annual incidences of cholangiocarcinoma is 5.5 cases per 100,000 people in Japan, and 7.3 cases per 100,000 people in Israel.[1]

### Prevalence

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* The prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma is approximately 0.01% to 0.46% per 100,000 individuals.
* The prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis may be as high as 30%, based on autopsy studies.[1][2]

### Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate

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* The mortality rate for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma among men increased from 0.17 to 0.78 per 100,000 in period of 1975-1979 to 1993-1997.[3]
* The mortality rate for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma among women, increased from 0.12 to 0.57 per 100,000 in period of 1975-1979 to 1993-1997.

### Age

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* Patients of all age groups may develop cholangiocarcinoma.
* The median age at the time of cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis is 70-80 years, except in patients with bile duct cystic disorders.[4]
* Bile duct cystic disorders usually develop cholangiocarcinoma much earlier, between 30 and 40 years.

### Race

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* Cholangiocarcinoma usually affects individuals of the American Indian, Alaska Natives and Asian and Pacific Islanders race.[5]

### Gender

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* Cholangiocarcinoma is more common in males than in females.[6]

### Region

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* The majority of cholangiocarcinoma cases are reported in North America, Asia, and Australia.[5]

## References

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1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Khan SA, Toledano MB, Taylor-Robinson SD (2008). "Epidemiology, risk factors, and pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma". HPB (Oxford). 10 (2): 77–82. doi:10.1080/13651820801992641. PMC 2504381. PMID 18773060.
2. ↑ Bergquist A, von Seth E (2015). "Epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma". Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 29 (2): 221–32. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2015.02.003. PMID 25966423.
3. ↑ DeOliveira ML, Cunningham SC, Cameron JL, Kamangar F, Winter JM, Lillemoe KD, Choti MA, Yeo CJ, Schulick RD (2007). "Cholangiocarcinoma: thirty-one-year experience with 564 patients at a single institution". Ann. Surg. 245 (5): 755–62. doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000251366.62632.d3. PMC 1877058. PMID 17457168.
4. ↑ Macias, Rocio I. R. (2014). "Cholangiocarcinoma: Biology, Clinical Management, and Pharmacological Perspectives". ISRN Hepatology. 2014: 1–13. doi:10.1155/2014/828074. ISSN 2314-4041.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 McLean L, Patel T (2006). "Racial and ethnic variations in the epidemiology of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States". Liver Int. 26 (9): 1047–53. doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2006.01350.x. PMID 17032404.
6. ↑ Cholangiocarcinoma. Radiopaedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cholangiocarcinoma

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