Cyanotic heart defect overview

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-in-Chief: Keri Shafer, M.D. [2]; Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[3]

## Overview

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A cyanotic heart defect is a group-type of congenital heart defects (CHDs). The patient appears blue (cyanotic), due to deoxygenated blood bypassing the lungs and entering the systemic circulation. This can be caused by right-to-left or bidirectional shunting, or malposition of the great arteries. Such defects include persistent truncus arteriosus, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great vessels, and tricuspid atresia.

## References

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Congenital malformations and deformations of circulatory system (Q20-Q28, 745-747)

Cardiac chambers and connections|

Persistent truncus arteriosus \- Double outlet right ventricle (Taussig-Bing syndrome) - Transposition of the great vessels (dextro, levo)

Cardiac septa|

Ventricular septal defect \- Atrial septal defect (Lutembacher's syndrome) - Atrioventricular septal defect (Ostium primum) - Tetralogy of Fallot \- Eisenmenger's syndrome

Right: pulmonary and tricuspid valves|

pulmonary valves (stenosis, insufficiency) - tricuspid valves (stenosis, atresia) - Ebstein's anomaly

Left: aortic and mitral valves|

aortic valves (stenosis, insufficiency, bicuspid) - mitral valves (stenosis, regurgitation) - Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Other congenital malformations
of heart|

Dextrocardia \- Levocardia \- Cor triatriatum

Great arteries|

aorta (Patent ductus arteriosus, Aortic coarctation, Interrupted aortic arch, Overriding aorta, Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva, Vascular ring) - Pulmonary atresia

Great veins|

Persistent left superior vena cava \- Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection \- Scimitar syndrome

Other|

Arteriovenous malformation (Cerebral arteriovenous malformation)

See also non-congenital conditions (I, 390-459)

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