Deafness causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:  Saumya Easaw, M.B.B.S.[2]

## Common Causes

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Temporary hearing loss can be caused by:

* The build-up of wax in the ear canal
* Foreign body lodged in the ear canal
* Injury to the head
* Allergy
* Blocked Eustachian tubes
* Scarred or perforated eardrum
* Ear infections (chronic otitis externa, chronic otitis media, malignant otitis externa)
* Reaction to medication such as aminoglycosides, chloroquine, quinidine

## Causes by Organ System

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Cardiovascular | No underlying causes

|

Chemical / poisoning | No underlying causes
Congenital | Rubella syndrome; Congenital atresia of the external auditory canal; Congenital cytomegalovirus;[Congenital perilymphatic fistula; Fetal methyl mercury effects; Fetal iodine deficiency effects
Dermatologic | No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect | Ethacrynic Acid, Pramipexole, Vinblastine
Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes
Endocrine | No underlying causes
Environmental | Any occupation with exposure to loud noises on a continuous day-to-day basis can result in hearing loss due to nerve end damage. Increased attention to conditions in the work environment has markedly decreased the likelihood of work-related hearing loss. See Noise-induced hearing loss.
Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes
Genetic | Osteogenesis imperfecta; Leopard syndrome (multiple lentigines syndrome); Otosclerosis; Robinson type ectodermal dysplasia; Cockayne syndrome; Bjorn pili torti and deafness syndrome; Multiple synostosis syndrome; Hunter syndrome; Taybi oto-palato-digital syndrome; Hereditary nephritis; Mohr syndrome; Hurler syndrome; Waardenburg syndrome; Kartagener syndrome; Fronto-metaphyseal dysplasia syndrome; Morquio syndrome; Trisomy 13 S; Treacher Collins syndrome; Stickler syndrome
Hematologic | No underlying causes
Iatrogenic | No underlying causes
Infectious Disease | Meningitis; Mumps; Measles; Ear infection (otitis media); Scarlet fever
Musculoskeletal / Ortho | No underlying causes
Neurologic | No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic | No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes
Oncologic | No underlying causes
Opthalmologic | No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity | Aminoglycoside antibiotics; Ethacrynic acid \- oral; Aspirin; Chloroquine; Quinidine
Psychiatric | No underlying causes
Pulmonary | No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte | No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy | No underlying causes
Sexual | No underlying causes
Trauma | Traumatic perforation of the eardrum; Skull fracture (temporal bone); Acoustic trauma such as from explosions, fireworks, gunfire, rock concerts, and earphones; Barotrauma (differences in pressure)
Urologic | No underlying causes
Miscellaneous | Meniere's disease; Acoustic neuroma; Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis)

## References

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