Dyspnea with Stridor

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:  Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Abbreviations: ABG (arterial blood gas); ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme); BMI (body mass index); CBC (complete blood count); CSF (cerebrospinal fluid); CXR (chest X-ray); ECG (electrocardiogram); FEF (forced expiratory flow rate); FEV1 (forced expiratory volume); FVC (forced vital capacity); JVD (jugular vein distention); MCV (mean corpuscular volume); Plt (platelet); RV (residual volume); SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone); TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone); Vt (tidal volume); WBC (white blood cell);

Diseases  | Clinical manifestations  | Diagnosis  | Other features

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Symptoms  | Physical exam
Loss of consciousness  | Agitation  | Weight loss  | Fever  | Chest pain  | Cough  | Cyanosis  | Clubbing  | JVD  | Peripheral edema  | Auscultation  | CBC  | ABG  | Imaging  | Spirometry  | Gold standard
Croup[1] | \-  | \+  | \-  | +/-  | \-  | \+  | \+  | \-  | \-  | \-  | Stridor | ↑WBC | Normal  | Steeple sign | Normal  | Physical exam | Barking cough
Epiglottitis[2] | \-  | \+  | \-  | \+  | \-  | \+  | \-  | \-  | \-  | \-  | Stridor | ↑WBC | Normal  | Thumb sign | Normal  | Laryngoscopy | Drooling
Vocal cord dysfunction[3] | \-  | \-  | \-  | \-  | \-  | +/-  | \-  | \-  | \-  | \-  | Stridor | Normal  | Normal  | Normal  | ↓ FVC | Laryngoscopy | Choking sensation
Laryngeal adenocarcinoma[4] | \-  | \-  | \+  | \-  | \-  | +/-  | \-  | \-  | \-  | \-  | Stridor | Normal  | ↓O2, ↑CO2 | Retropharyngeal tissue thickness  | Normal  | Laryngoscopy | Choking sensation
Tracheal stenosis[5] | \-  | \-  | \-  | \-  | +/-  | +/-  | \+  | \+  | \-  | \-  | Stridor, Stertorous | Normal  | ↓O2, ↑CO2 | Soft tissue thickening internal to normal-appearing tracheal cartilage | Normal  | Bronchoscopy | Respiratory distress

## References[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ Bjornson CL, Johnson DW (2013). "Croup in children". CMAJ. 185 (15): 1317–23. doi:10.1503/cmaj.121645. PMC 3796596. PMID 23939212.
2. ↑ Negus VE (1927). "The Function of the Epiglottis". J Anat. 62 (Pt 1): 1–8. PMC 1250045. PMID 17104162.
3. ↑ Wood RP, Milgrom H (September 1996). "Vocal cord dysfunction". J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 98 (3): 481–5. PMID 8828523.
4. ↑ Schwenk NR, Schapira RM, Byrd JC (November 1994). "Laryngeal carcinoma presenting as platypnea". Chest. 106 (5): 1609–11. PMID 7956433.
5. ↑ Conti V, Calia N, Pasquini C, Zardi S, Finetti C, Stomeo F, Ravenna F (April 2013). "[Chronic cough and worsening dyspnea: a case of idiopathic tracheal stenosis]". Recenti Prog Med (in Italian). 104 (4): 156–8. doi:10.1701/1271.14026. PMID 23748638.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)