Esophageal cancer classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]

## Overview

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Esophageal cancer may be classified into squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma based on histology.

## Classification

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Esophageal cancers are typically carcinomas, which arise from the epithelium, or surface lining of the esophagus. Most esophageal cancers fall into one of two classes according to their histology. [1]

* Squamous cell carcinoma
* Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma are similar to head and neck cancer in their appearance and are associated with smoking and alcohol consumption.
* Adenocarcinoma
* Esophageal adenocarcinomas make up more than 70% of esophageal cancers.
* They are often associated with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma by Nephron - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12475495 |  Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by Nephron - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=31284085

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## References

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1. ↑ Buas MF, Vaughan TL (2013). "Epidemiology and risk factors for gastroesophageal junction tumors: understanding the rising incidence of this disease". Semin Radiat Oncol. 23 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1016/j.semradonc.2012.09.008. PMC 3535292. PMID 23207041.

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