Gastroparesis other imaging findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:  Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2], Madhu Sigdel M.B.B.S.[3]

## Overview

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Gastric emptying scintigraphy is considered a gold standard test for the diagnosis of gastroparesis. Delayed gastric emptying is confirmed by 10% gastric retention at 4 hours. Factors that affect the results of this test include medications, tobacco smoking and hyperglycemia.

## Other Imaging Findings

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### Gastric emptying scintigraphy

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* Gastric emptying scintigraphy is considered a gold standard test for the diagnosis of gastroparesis.[1][2][3][4]
* The method for this test is eating a low-fat, egg-white meal followed by repeated scans to measure the rate of gastric emptying at 0, 1, 2, and 4 hours.
* The delayed gastric emptying would be confirmed, if there is:
* 90% gastric retention at 1 hour
* 60% gastric retention at 2 hours (greater accuracy for detecting accelerated gastric emptying)
* 10% gastric retention at 4 hours (higher accuracy for detecting slow gastric emptying)
* Factors that might affect on the results of gastric emptying studies include:
* Medications that slow down the gastric emptying:
* Anticholinergics
* Tricyclic antidepressants
* Narcotic analgesics
* Adrenergic agents
* Tobacco smoking
* Hyperglycemia
* The advantages of gastric emptying scintigraphy include:
* Noninvasive
* Quantitative
* High sensitivity
* High specificity

## References

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1. ↑ Tang, Derek M.; Friedenberg, Frank K. (2011). "Gastroparesis: Approach, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Management". Disease-a-Month. 57 (2): 74–101. doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2010.12.007. ISSN 0011-5029.
2. ↑ Koch, Kenneth L.; Calles-Escandón, Jorge (2015). "Diabetic Gastroparesis". Gastroenterology Clinics of North America. 44 (1): 39–57. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2014.11.005. ISSN 0889-8553.
3. ↑ Abell TL, Camilleri M, Donohoe K, Hasler WL, Lin HC, Maurer AH; et al. (2008). "Consensus recommendations for gastric emptying scintigraphy: a joint report of the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society and the Society of Nuclear Medicine". Am J Gastroenterol. 103 (3): 753–63. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01636.x. PMID 18028513.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
4. ↑ Waseem S, Moshiree B, Draganov PV (2009). "Gastroparesis: current diagnostic challenges and management considerations". World J Gastroenterol. 15 (1): 25–37. PMC 2653292. PMID 19115465.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)

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