Glucose intolerance

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Synonyms and keywords: Glucose intolerance; impaired glucose intolerance; impaired glycemia

## Overview[edit | edit source]

Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) is a pre-diabetic state of dysglycemia, that is associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of cardiovascular pathology. IGT may precede type 2 diabetes mellitus by many years. IGT is also a risk factor for mortality.

## Criteria[edit | edit source]

According to the criteria of the World Health Organization and the American Diabetes Association, impaired glucose tolerance is defined as:

* two-hour glucose levels of 140 to 199 mg per dL (7.8 to 11.0 mmol) on the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. A patient is said to be under the condition of IGT when he/she has an intermediately raised glucose level after 2 hours, but less than would qualify for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The fasting glucose may be either normal or mildly elevated.

From 10 to 15 percent of adults in the United States have one of these conditions.

### Causes[edit | edit source]

### Drug Side Efect[edit | edit source]

* Asparaginase Erwinia Chrysanthemi
* Estramustine
* Medroxyprogesterone acetate
* Megestrol
* Pegaspargase

## Treatment[edit | edit source]

The risk of progression to diabetes and development of cardiovascular disease is greater than for Impaired fasting glycaemia.

Although some drugs can delay the onset of diabetes, lifestyle modifications play a greater role in the prevention of the disease. Patients identified as having an IGT should exercise regularly and have a balanced diet removing the empty calories of sugar.

Carnitine has been shown to improve glucose uptake, regulation, and oxidation, though temporarily (i.e. only when levels are sustained in the blood).

## References[edit | edit source]

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