Hemoptysis risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:  Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]

## Overview

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Common risk factors in the development of hemoptysis include cigarette smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, anticoagulant medications. Risk factors in the recurrence of hemoptysis include persistent residual mild bleeding following bronchial artery embolization, blood transfusion before the procedure, and aspergilloma. Less common risk factors in the development of hemoptysis include congestive heart failure and mitral regurgitation.

## Risk Factors

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* Common risk factors in the development of hemoptysis include:[1][2][3]
* Cigarette smoking
* Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
* Anticoagulant medications
* Risk factors in the recurrence of hemoptysis include:[4]
* Persistent residual mild bleeding following bronchial artery embolization
* Blood transfusion before the procedure
* Aspergilloma
* Less common risk factors in the development of hemoptysis include:
* Congestive heart failure
* Mitral regurgitation

## References

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1. ↑ Lee, Myoung Kyu; Kim, Sang-Ha; Yong, Suk Joong; Shin, Kye Chul; Kim, Hyun Sik; Yu, Tae-Sun; Choi, Eun Hee; Lee, Won-Yeon (2015). "Moderate hemoptysis: recurrent hemoptysis and mortality according to bronchial artery embolization". The Clinical Respiratory Journal. 9 (1): 53–64. doi:10.1111/crj.12104. ISSN 1752-6981.
2. ↑ Khalil, A.; Fedida, B.; Parrot, A.; Haddad, S.; Fartoukh, M.; Carette, M.-F. (2015). "Severe hemoptysis: From diagnosis to embolization". Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. 96 (7–8): 775–788. doi:10.1016/j.diii.2015.06.007. ISSN 2211-5684.
3. ↑ Bruzzi, John F.; Rémy-Jardin, Martine; Delhaye, Damien; Teisseire, Antoine; Khalil, Chadi; Rémy, Jacques (2006). "Multi–Detector Row CT of Hemoptysis". RadioGraphics. 26 (1): 3–22. doi:10.1148/rg.261045726. ISSN 0271-5333.
4. ↑ Sakr, L.; Dutau, H. (2010). "Massive Hemoptysis: An Update on the Role of Bronchoscopy in Diagnosis and Management". Respiration. 80 (1): 38–58. doi:10.1159/000274492. ISSN 1423-0356.