Hypochondriasis (patient information)

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Hypochondriasis

Overview

What are the symptoms?

What are the causes?

When to seek urgent medical care?

Diagnosis

Treatment options

Where to find medical care for Hypochondriasis?

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Possible complications

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Editor-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S.,M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S.

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 2 What are the symptoms of Hypochondriasis?
* 3 What causes Hypochondriasis?
* 4 When to seek urgent medical care?
* 5 Diagnosis
* 6 Treatment options
* 7 Where to find medical care for Hypochondriasis?
* 8 What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
* 9 Possible complications
* 10 Source

## Overview

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Hypochondria is a belief that physical symptoms are signs of a serious illness, even when there is no medical evidence to support the presence of an illness.

## What are the symptoms of Hypochondriasis?

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* People with hypochondria are unable to control their fears and worries. They often believe any symptom or sensation is a sign of a serious illness.

* They seek out reassurance from family, friends, or health care providers on a regular basis. They feel better for a short time at most, and then begin to worry about the same symptoms, or about new symptoms.

* Symptoms may shift and change, and are often vague. People with hypochondria often examine their own body.

* Those who are affected may recognize that their fear of having a serious disease is unreasonable or unfounded.

## What causes Hypochondriasis?

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* People with hypochondria are overly focused on their physical health. They have an unrealistic fear of having a serious disease. This disorder occurs equally in men and women.

* The way people with hypochondria think about their physical symptoms can make them more likely to have this condition. As they focus on and worry about physical sensations, a cycle of symptoms and worry begins, which can be difficult to stop.

* It is important to realize that people with hypochondria do not purposely create these symptoms (malingering). They are unable to control the symptoms.

* People who have a history of physical or sexual abuse are more likely to have this disorder. However, this does not mean that every person with a hypochondria disorder has a history of abuse.

## When to seek urgent medical care?

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Call your health care provider if you or your child has symptoms of hypochondria.

## Diagnosis

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* Physical examination to rule out illness
* Psychiatric evaluation to rule out other related disorders

## Treatment options

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* It is important to have a supportive relationship with a health care provider. You should have only one primary care provider to avoid having too many tests and procedures.

* The health care provider should tell you that you do not have a disease, but that continued medical follow-up will help control the symptoms. People with hypochondria feel real distress, so their symptoms should not be denied or challenged.

* Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can help reduce the worry and physical symptoms of this disorder.

* Finding a mental health provider who has experience treating this disorder with talk therapy (psychotherapy) can be helpful. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a kind of talk therapy, can help you deal with your pain. During therapy, you will learn:

* To recognize what seems to make the symptoms worse
* To develop methods of coping with the symptoms
* To keep yourself more active, even if you still have symptoms

## Where to find medical care for Hypochondriasis?

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Directions to Hospitals Treating Hypochondriasis

## What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

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The disorder is usually long-term (chronic), unless psychological factors or mood and anxiety disorders are treated.

## Possible complications

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* Complications from invasive testing to look for the cause of symptoms
* Dependence on pain relievers or sedatives
* Depression and anxiety or panic disorder
* Lost time from work due to frequent appointments with health care providers

## Source

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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001236.htm

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