IL2RA

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Identifiers
Aliases|
External IDs| GeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
Species| Human| Mouse
Entrez| |

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Ensembl| |

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UniProt| |

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RefSeq (mRNA)| |

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Wikidata
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Interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (also called CD25) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL2RA gene.[1]

The interleukin 2 (IL2) receptor alpha (IL2RA) and beta (IL2RB) chains, together with the common gamma chain (IL2RG), constitute the high-affinity IL2 receptor. Homodimeric alpha chains (IL2RA) result in low-affinity receptor, while homodimeric beta (IL2RB) chains produce a medium-affinity receptor. Normally an integral-membrane protein, soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. Alternately-spliced IL2RA mRNAs have been isolated, but the significance of each is currently unknown.[2]

## Contents

* 1 Description
* 2 Clinical significance
* 2.1 Chagas disease
* 2.2 Multiple sclerosis
* 3 References
* 4 Further reading
* 5 External links

## Description

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It is a type I transmembrane protein present on activated T cells, activated B cells, some thymocytes, myeloid precursors, and oligodendrocytes. Though IL2RA has been used as a marker to identify CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in mice, it has been found that a large proportion of resting memory T cells constitutively express IL2RA in humans.[3]

IL2RA is expressed in most B-cell neoplasms, some acute nonlymphocytic leukemias, neuroblastomas, mastocytosis and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. It functions as the receptor for HTLV-1 and is consequently expressed on neoplastic cells in adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia. Its soluble form, called sIL-2R may be elevated in these diseases and is occasionally used to track disease progression.

## Clinical significance

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### Chagas disease

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Infection by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease, characterized by a reduction in the amount of IL2RA expressed on the surface of immune cells. This leads to chronic immune suppression, becoming increasingly severe over the course of many years and ultimately resulting in death if left untreated.

### Multiple sclerosis

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The multiple sclerosis drug daclizumab binds to and blocks IL2RA.[4]

Sarcoidosis

IL2RA has been shown to be elevated in Sarcoidosis with a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 85%.

## References

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1. ↑ Leonard WJ, Donlon TA, Lebo RV, Greene WC (Aug 1985). "Localization of the gene encoding the human interleukin-2 receptor on chromosome 10". Science. 228 (4707): 1547–9. doi:10.1126/science.3925551. PMID 3925551.
2. ↑ "Entrez Gene: IL2RA interleukin 2 receptor, alpha".
3. ↑ Triplett, Todd A.; et al. (July 2012). "Defining a functionally distinct subset of human memory CD4+ T cells that are CD25POS and FOXP3NEG". European Journal of Immunology. 42 (7): 1893. doi:10.1002/eji.201242444. PMID 22585674.
4. ↑ "Zinbryta Summary of Product Characteristics" (PDF). European Medicines Agency. 2016.

## Further reading

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* Kuziel WA, Greene WC (June 1990). "Interleukin-2 and the IL-2 receptor: new insights into structure and function". J. Invest. Dermatol. 94 (6 Suppl): 27S–32S. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12875017. PMID 1693645.
* Waldmann TA (February 1991). "The interleukin-2 receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (5): 2681–4. PMID 1993646. Retrieved 2008-08-04.
* Vincenti F (September 2004). "Interleukin-2 receptor antagonists and aggressive steroid minimization strategies for kidney transplant patients". Transpl. Int. 17 (8): 395–401. doi:10.1007/s00147-004-0750-3. PMID 15365604. Retrieved 2008-08-04.

## External links

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* Mouse CD Antigen Chart
* Human CD Antigen Chart
* CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells gradually accumulate in gliomas during tumor growth and efficiently suppress antiglioma immune responses in vivo

* v
* t
* e

PDB gallery

* 1z92: structure of interleukin-2 with its alpha receptor

1z92: structure of interleukin-2 with its alpha receptor

* 2b5i: cytokine receptor complex

2b5i: cytokine receptor complex

* 2erj: Crystal structure of the heterotrimeric interleukin-2 receptor in complex with interleukin-2

2erj: Crystal structure of the heterotrimeric interleukin-2 receptor in complex with interleukin-2

* v
* t
* e

Cytokine receptors

Chemokine receptor
(GPCRs)|

| CC|

* CCR1 / CCRL1
* CCR2
* CCRL2
* CCR3
* CCR4
* CCR5
* CCR6
* CCR7
* CCR8
* CCR9
* CCR10

|

CXC|

* IL-8
* CXCR1
* CXCR2
* CXCR3
* CXCR4
* CXCR5
* CXCR6
* CXCR7

Other|

* CX3C
* CX3CR1
* XC
* XCR1
* CCBP2
* CMKLR1

TNF receptor|

| 1-10|

* TNFR1 (TNFRSF1A)
* TNFR2 (TNFRSF1B)
* LTBR (TNFRSF3)
* CD134 (TNFRSF4)
* CD40 (TNFRSF5)
* Fas receptor (TNFRSF6)
* DcR3 (TNFRSF6B)
* CD27 (TNFRSF7)
* CD30 (TNFRSF8)
* CD137 (TNFRSF9)

|

11-20|

* DR4 (TNFRSF10A)
* DR5 (TNFRSF10B)
* DcR1 (TNFRSF10C)
* DcR2 (TNFRSF10D)
* RANK (TNFRSF11A)
* Osteoprotegerin (TNFRSF11B)
* TweakR (TNFRSF12A)
* TACI (TNFRSF13B)
* BAFFR (TNFRSF13C)
* HVEM (TNFRSF14)
* NGFR (TNFRSF16)
* BCMA (TNFRSF17)
* GITR (TNFRSF18)
* TAJ/TROY (TNFRSF19)

21-27|

* DR6 (TNFRSF21)
* DR3 (TNFRSF25)
* EDA2R (TNFRSF27)

JAK-STAT|

| Type I|

| γ-chain|

* Interleukin receptors
* IL2R / IL2RA/IL2RB / IL15R
* IL4R / IL13R / IL13RA1 / IL13RA2
* IL7R / IL7RA
* IL9R
* IL21R

|

β-chain|

* Interleukin receptors
* IL3R / IL3RA
* IL5R / IL5RA
* GM-CSF

gp130|

* Interleukin receptors
* IL6RA
* 11/IL11RA
* 27/IL27RA
* OSMR
* LIFR
* CNTFR

IL12RB1|

* Interleukin receptors
* IL12R/IL12RB1/IL12RB2
* IL23R23

Other|

* other CSF receptors
* EPO
* G-CSF
* Thrombopoietin

* hormone receptor: GH
* prolactin

Type II|

* Interleukin receptors
* IL10R / IL10RA / IL10RB / IL22R / IL22RA1 / IL22RA2
* IL20R / IL20RA / IL20RB
* IL28R
* Interferon receptors
* -α/β / IFNAR1/IFNAR2
* -γ/IFNGR1 / IFNGR2

Ig superfamily|

* CSF1
* KIT
* IL1
* IL1R1
* IL1R2
* IL18R / IL18R1

IL 17 family|

* IL17
* IL17RA
* IL17RB
* IL17RC
* IL17RD
* IL17RE

S/T|

* TGF-beta
* TGFBR1
* TGFBR2

* v
* t
* e

Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation)

1-50|

* CD1
* a-c
* 1A
* 1D
* 1E
* CD2
* CD3
* γ
* δ
* ε
* CD4
* CD5
* CD6
* CD7
* CD8
* a
* CD9
* CD10
* CD11
* a
* b
* c
* d
* CD13
* CD14
* CD15
* CD16
* A
* B
* CD18
* CD19
* CD20
* CD21
* CD22
* CD23
* CD24
* CD25
* CD26
* CD27
* CD28
* CD29
* CD30
* CD31
* CD32
* A
* B
* CD33
* CD34
* CD35
* CD36
* CD37
* CD38
* CD39
* CD40
* CD41
* CD42
* a
* b
* c
* d
* CD43
* CD44
* CD45
* CD46
* CD47
* CD48
* CD49
* a
* b
* c
* d
* e
* f
* CD50

51-100|

* CD51
* CD52
* CD53
* CD54
* CD55
* CD56
* CD57
* CD58
* CD59
* CD61
* CD62
* E
* L
* P
* CD63
* CD64
* A
* B
* C
* CD66
* a
* b
* c
* d
* e
* f
* CD68
* CD69
* CD70
* CD71
* CD72
* CD73
* CD74
* CD78
* CD79
* a
* b
* CD80
* CD81
* CD82
* CD83
* CD84
* CD85
* a
* d
* e
* h
* j
* k
* CD86
* CD87
* CD88
* CD89
* CD90
* CD91 \- CD92
* CD93
* CD94
* CD95
* CD96
* CD97
* CD98
* CD99
* CD100

101-150|

* CD101
* CD102
* CD103
* CD104
* CD105
* CD106
* CD107
* a
* b
* CD108
* CD109
* CD110
* CD111
* CD112
* CD113
* CD114
* CD115
* CD116
* CD117
* CD118
* CD119
* CD120
* a
* b
* CD121
* a
* b
* CD122
* CD123
* CD124
* CD125
* CD126
* CD127
* CD129
* CD130
* CD131
* CD132
* CD133
* CD134
* CD135
* CD136
* CD137
* CD138
* CD140b
* CD141
* CD142
* CD143
* CD144
* CD146
* CD147
* CD148
* CD150

151-200|

* CD151
* CD152
* CD153
* CD154
* CD155
* CD156
* a
* b
* c
* CD157
* CD158 (a
* d
* e
* i
* k)
* CD159
* a
* c
* CD160
* CD161
* CD162
* CD163
* CD164
* CD166
* CD167
* a
* b
* CD168
* CD169
* CD170
* CD171
* CD172
* a
* b
* g
* CD174
* CD177
* CD178
* CD179
* a
* b
* CD180
* CD181
* CD182
* CD183
* CD184
* CD185
* CD186
* CD191
* CD192
* CD193
* CD194
* CD195
* CD196
* CD197
* CDw198
* CDw199
* CD200

201-250|

* CD201
* CD202b
* CD204
* CD205
* CD206
* CD207
* CD208
* CD209
* CDw210
* a
* b
* CD212
* CD213a
* 1
* 2
* CD217
* CD218 (a
* b)
* CD220
* CD221
* CD222
* CD223
* CD224
* CD225
* CD226
* CD227
* CD228
* CD229
* CD230
* CD233
* CD234
* CD235
* a
* b
* CD236
* CD238
* CD239
* CD240CE
* CD240D
* CD241
* CD243
* CD244
* CD246
* CD247 \- CD248
* CD249

251-300|

* CD252
* CD253
* CD254
* CD256
* CD257
* CD258
* CD261
* CD262
* CD263
* CD264
* CD265
* CD266
* CD267
* CD268
* CD269
* CD271
* CD272
* CD273
* CD274
* CD275
* CD276
* CD278
* CD279
* CD280
* CD281
* CD282
* CD283
* CD284
* CD286
* CD288
* CD289
* CD290
* CD292
* CDw293
* CD294
* CD295
* CD297
* CD298
* CD299

301-350|

* CD300A
* CD301
* CD302
* CD303
* CD304
* CD305
* CD306
* CD307
* CD309
* CD312
* CD314
* CD315
* CD316
* CD317
* CD318
* CD320
* CD321
* CD322
* CD324
* CD325
* CD326
* CD328
* CD329
* CD331
* CD332
* CD333
* CD334
* CD335
* CD336
* CD337
* CD338
* CD339
* CD340
* CD344
* CD349
* CD350

* v
* t
* e

Interleukin receptor modulators

IL-1|

* Agonists: Interleukin 1 (α, β)
* Mobenakin
* Pifonakin

* Antagonists: AF-12198
* Anakinra
* IL-1RA
* Isunakinra

* Antibodies: Canakinumab
* Gevokizumab
* Lutikizumab

* Decoy receptors: Rilonacept (IL-1 Trap)

IL-2|

* Agonists: Adargileukin alfa
* Aldesleukin
* Celmoleukin
* Denileukin diftitox
* Interleukin 2
* Pegaldesleukin
* Teceleukin
* Tucotuzumab celmoleukin

* Antibodies: Basiliximab
* Daclizumab (dacliximab)
* Inolimomab

IL-3|

* Agonists: Daniplestim
* Interleukin 3
* Leridistim
* Milodistim
* Muplestim
* Promegapoietin

IL-4|

* Agonists: Binetrakin
* Interleukin 4
* Interleukin 13

* Antagonists: Pitrakinra

* Antibodies: Dupilumab
* Pascolizumab

IL-5|

* Agonists: Interleukin 5

* Antagonists: YM-90709

* Antibodies: Benralizumab
* Mepolizumab
* Reslizumab

* Antisense oligonucleotides: TPI ASM8

IL-6|

* Agonists: Atexakin alfa
* Interleukin 6

* Antibodies: ARGX-109
* Clazakizumab
* Elsilimomab
* mAb 1339
* Olokizumab
* Sarilumab
* Siltuximab
* Sirukumab
* Tocilizumab

IL-7|

* Agonists: Interleukin 7

IL-8|

* See CXCR1 (IL-8Rα) and CXCR2 (IL-8Rβ) here instead.

IL-9|

* Agonists: Interleukin 9

* Antibodies: Enokizumab

IL-10|

* Agonists: Ilodecakin
* Interleukin 10 (CSIF)

IL-11|

* Agonists: Interleukin 11 (AGIF)
* Oprelvekin

IL-12|

* Agonists: Edodekin alfa
* Interleukin 12

* Antibodies: Briakinumab
* Ustekinumab

IL-13|

* Agonists: Binetrakin
* Cintredekin besudotox
* Interleukin 4
* Interleukin 13

* Antibodies: Anrukinzumab
* Lebrikizumab
* Tralokinumab

IL-15|

* Agonists: ALT-803
* Interleukin 15

IL-17|

* Agonists: Interleukin 17 (A, B, C, D, E (interleukin 25), F)

* Antibodies: Brodalumab
* Ixekizumab
* Perakizumab
* Remtolumab
* Secukinumab
* Vunakizumab

IL-18|

* Agonists: Iboctadekin
* Interleukin 18
* Interleukin 37
* Tadekinig

* Binding proteins: IL18BP

IL-20|

* Agonists: Interleukin 19
* Interleukin 20
* Interleukin 24

* Antibodies: Fletikumab (against IL-20)

IL-21|

* Agonists: Denenicokin
* Interleukin 21

* Antibodies: NNC0114-0005
* NNC0114-0006

IL-22|

* Agonists: Interleukin 22

* Antibodies: Fezakinumab (against IL-22)

IL-23|

* Agonists: Interleukin 23 (SGRF)

* Antibodies: Brazikumab
* Briakinumab
* Guselkumab
* Tildrakizumab
* Ustekinumab

IL-27|

* Agonists: Interleukin 27 (interleukin 30)

IL-28|

* Agonists: Interferon λ4 (IFN-λ4)
* Interleukin 28 (A (IFN-λ2), B (IFN-λ3))
* Interleukin-29 (IFN-λ1)

IL-31|

* Agonists: Interleukin 31

IL1RL1|

* Agonists: Interleukin 33

IL1RL2|

* Agonists: Interleukin 36 (α, β, γ)
* Interleukin 38

* Antagonists: IL-36RA

Others|

| JAK|

* See here instead.

|

Others|

* Interleukin 14 (taxilin alpha, HMW-BCGF)
* Interleukin 16 (signals through CD4)
* Interleukin 24 (signals through IL-22Rα1/IL-20Rβ heterodimer)
* Interleukin 26 (signals through IL-20Rα/IL-10Rβ heterodimer)
* Interleukin 32
* Interleukin 34 (signals through M-CSFR/CSF1R)
* Interleukin 35

* Unsorted: Efavaleukin alfa
* Efineptakin alfa

See also
Receptor/signaling modulators
Signaling peptide/protein receptor modulators
Cytokine receptor modulators
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