Infectious colitis endoscopy

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Qasim Salau, M.B.B.S., FMCPaed [2]

## Overview[edit | edit source]

Endoscopy is not routinely indicated in infectious colitis. However, it is useful in cases of diarrhea (bloody or non-bloody) with positive fecal leukocytes, but negative culture. It is also useful in distinguishing inflammatory bowel disease and infectious colitis. In most causes of infectious colitis, endoscopic findings are not pathognomonic. Common endoscopic features in infectious colitis include patchy or diffuse erythematous mucosa, mucosa edema, hemorrhage, with or without ulcers.

## Endoscopy[edit | edit source]

Endoscopy is not routinely indicated in infectious colitis. However, it is usually used as a supportive diagnostic tool in cases of diarrhea (bloody or non-bloody) of unknown cause in which there is positive fecal leukocytes, but negative stool culture. It is also useful in distinguishing inflammatory bowel disease from infectious colitis. In some causes of infectious colitis such as cytomegalovirus colitis, endoscopy with colonic tissue biopsy for histology is considered the gold standard diagnostic method. Common endoscopic features in infectious colitis include patchy or diffuse erythematous mucosa, mucosa edema, hemorrhage, with or without ulcers. Endoscopic features seen in infectious colitis depend on the virulence of the infectious agent and the host body response. [1][2][3][4]

## References[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ Mantzaris GJ, Hatzis A, Archavlis E, Petraki K, Lazou A, Ladas S; et al. (1995). "The role of colonoscopy in the differential diagnosis of acute, severe hemorrhagic colitis". Endoscopy. 27 (9): 645–53. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1005781. PMID 8903976.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
2. ↑ Mantzaris GJ. (2007). "Endoscopic diagnosis of infectious colitis". Annals of Gastroenterology. 20 (1): 71–74. Text " Date accessed: 30 Oct. 2016 " ignored (help)
3. ↑ Khan TV, Toms C (2016). "Cytomegalovirus Colitis and Subsequent New Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in an Immunocompetent Host: A Case Study and Literature Review". Am J Case Rep. 17: 538–43. PMC 4968430. PMID 27460032.
4. ↑ Tedesco FJ, Hardin RD, Harper RN, Edwards BH (1983). "Infectious colitis endoscopically simulating inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective evaluation". Gastrointest Endosc. 29 (3): 195–7. PMID 6618115.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)

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