Insomnia other diagnostic studies

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:  Adnan Ezici, M.D[2]

## Overview

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Other diagnostic studies for insomnia include polysomnography, which demonstrates findings of underlying sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea, and periodic limb movement disorder; multiple sleep latency test, which demonstrates mean sleep latency ≤8 min with at least 2 sleep-onset REM periods in patients with narcolepsy; and actigraphy, which demonstrates increased sleep onset latency, increased wake after sleep onset, increased total sleep time, increased number of wakings during night, and decreased sleep efficiency.

## Other Diagnostic Studies

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Other diagnostic studies for insomnia include:

* Polysomnography, which demonstrates:_SpringerLink-1|[1][2]
* In patients with obstructive sleep apnea
* Five or more apneas, hypopneas or arousal due to respiratory effort per hour of sleep and a respiratory effort during these events
* In patients with periodic limb movement disorder
* Stereotyped limb movements during sleep
* Takes 0.5 - 5 seconds
* Amplitude ≥25% of toe dorsiflexion while the calibration occurs
* Sequence of at least 4 movements
* Duration of (5-90)sec between intervals
* Multiple sleep latency test, which demonstrates:[3]
* In patients with narcolepsy
* Mean sleep latency ≤8 min with at least 2 sleep-onset REM periods
* Actigraphy, which demonstrates:[4]
* In patients with insomnia
* Increased sleep onset latency
* Increased wake after sleep onset
* Increased total sleep time
* Increased number of wakings during night
* Decreased sleep efficiency

## References

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1. _SpringerLink_1-0|↑ "Polysomnography and Sleep Disorders | SpringerLink".
2. ↑ Rundo JV, Downey R (2019). "Polysomnography". Handb Clin Neurol. 160: 381–392. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00025-4. PMID 31277862.
3. ↑ Arand DL, Bonnet MH (2019). "The multiple sleep latency test". Handb Clin Neurol. 160: 393–403. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00026-6. PMID 31277864.
4. ↑ Sadeh A (August 2011). "The role and validity of actigraphy in sleep medicine: an update". Sleep Med Rev. 15 (4): 259–67. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2010.10.001. PMID 21237680.