Keratin 14

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Identifiers
Aliases|
External IDs| GeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
Species| Human| Mouse
Entrez| |

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Ensembl| |

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UniProt| |

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PubMed search| n/a| n/a
Wikidata
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Keratin 14 is a member of the type I keratin family of intermediate filament proteins. Keratin 14 was the first type I keratin sequence determined.[1] Keratin 14 is also known as cytokeratin-14 (CK-14) or keratin-14 (KRT14). In humans it is encoded by the KRT14 gene.[2][3][4]

Keratin 14 is usually found as a heterodimer with type II keratin 5 and form the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells.

## Contents

* 1 Pathology
* 2 See also
* 3 References
* 4 Further reading
* 5 External links

## Pathology[edit | edit source]

Mutations in the genes for these keratins are associated with epidermolysis bullosa simplex and dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis, both of which are autosomal dominant mutations.[5]

## See also[edit | edit source]

* 34βE12 (keratin 903)

## References[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ Hanukoglu I, Fuchs E (Nov 1982). "The cDNA sequence of a human epidermal keratin: divergence of sequence but conservation of structure among intermediate filament proteins". Cell. 31 (1): 243–52. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90424-X. PMID 6186381.
2. ↑ Coulombe PA, Hutton ME, Letai A, Hebert A, Paller AS, Fuchs E (Sep 1991). "Point mutations in human keratin 14 genes of epidermolysis bullosa simplex patients: genetic and functional analyses". Cell. 66 (6): 1301–11. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90051-Y. PMID 1717157.
3. ↑ Schweizer J, Bowden PE, Coulombe PA, Langbein L, Lane EB, Magin TM, Maltais L, Omary MB, Parry DA, Rogers MA, Wright MW (Jul 2006). "New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins". The Journal of Cell Biology. 174 (2): 169–74. doi:10.1083/jcb.200603161. PMC 2064177. PMID 16831889.
4. ↑ "Entrez Gene: KRT14 keratin 14 (epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Dowling-Meara, Koebner)".
5. ↑ Lugassy J, Itin P, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Holland K, Huson S, Geiger D, Hennies HC, Indelman M, Bercovich D, Uitto J, Bergman R, McGrath JA, Richard G, Sprecher E (Oct 2006). "Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome and dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis: two allelic ectodermal dysplasias caused by dominant mutations in KRT14". American Journal of Human Genetics. 79 (4): 724–30. doi:10.1086/507792. PMC 1592572. PMID 16960809.

## Further reading[edit | edit source]

* Schuilenga-Hut PH, van der Vlies P, Jonkman MF, Waanders E, Buys CH, Scheffer H (Apr 2003). "Mutation analysis of the entire keratin 5 and 14 genes in patients with epidermolysis bullosa simplex and identification of novel mutations". Human Mutation. 21 (4): 447. doi:10.1002/humu.9124. PMID 12655565.
* Rosenberg M, Fuchs E, Le Beau MM, Eddy RL, Shows TB (1991). "Three epidermal and one simple epithelial type II keratin genes map to human chromosome 12". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 57 (1): 33–8. doi:10.1159/000133109. PMID 1713141.
* Bonifas JM, Rothman AL, Epstein EH (Nov 1991). "Epidermolysis bullosa simplex: evidence in two families for keratin gene abnormalities". Science. 254 (5035): 1202–5. doi:10.1126/science.1720261. PMID 1720261.
* Albers K, Fuchs E (Aug 1987). "The expression of mutant epidermal keratin cDNAs transfected in simple epithelial and squamous cell carcinoma lines". The Journal of Cell Biology. 105 (2): 791–806. doi:10.1083/jcb.105.2.791. PMC 2114764. PMID 2442174.
* Rosenberg M, RayChaudhury A, Shows TB, Le Beau MM, Fuchs E (Feb 1988). "A group of type I keratin genes on human chromosome 17: characterization and expression". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 8 (2): 722–36. doi:10.1128/mcb.8.2.722. PMC 363198. PMID 2451124.
* Marchuk D, McCrohon S, Fuchs E (Mar 1985). "Complete sequence of a gene encoding a human type I keratin: sequences homologous to enhancer elements in the regulatory region of the gene". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 82 (6): 1609–13. doi:10.1073/pnas.82.6.1609. PMC 397321. PMID 2580298.
* Hanukoglu I, Fuchs E (Nov 1982). "The cDNA sequence of a human epidermal keratin: divergence of sequence but conservation of structure among intermediate filament proteins". Cell. 31 (1): 243–52. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90424-X. PMID 6186381.
* Marchuk D, McCrohon S, Fuchs E (Dec 1984). "Remarkable conservation of structure among intermediate filament genes". Cell. 39 (3 Pt 2): 491–8. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90456-2. PMID 6210150.
* Rugg EL, Morley SM, Smith FJ, Boxer M, Tidman MJ, Navsaria H, Leigh IM, Lane EB (Nov 1993). "Missing links: Weber-Cockayne keratin mutations implicate the L12 linker domain in effective cytoskeleton function". Nature Genetics. 5 (3): 294–300. doi:10.1038/ng1193-294. PMID 7506097.
* Chen MA, Bonifas JM, Matsumura K, Blumenfeld A, Epstein EH (Nov 1993). "A novel three-nucleotide deletion in the helix 2B region of keratin 14 in epidermolysis bullosa simplex: delta E375". Human Molecular Genetics. 2 (11): 1971–2. doi:10.1093/hmg/2.11.1971. PMID 7506606.
* Chan Y, Anton-Lamprecht I, Yu QC, Jäckel A, Zabel B, Ernst JP, Fuchs E (Nov 1994). "A human keratin 14 "knockout": the absence of K14 leads to severe epidermolysis bullosa simplex and a function for an intermediate filament protein". Genes & Development. 8 (21): 2574–87. doi:10.1101/gad.8.21.2574. PMID 7525408.
* Yamanishi K, Matsuki M, Konishi K, Yasuno H (Jul 1994). "A novel mutation of Leu122 to Phe at a highly conserved hydrophobic residue in the helix initiation motif of keratin 14 in epidermolysis bullosa simplex". Human Molecular Genetics. 3 (7): 1171–2. doi:10.1093/hmg/3.7.1171. PMID 7526926.
* Hovnanian A, Pollack E, Hilal L, Rochat A, Prost C, Barrandon Y, Goossens M (Apr 1993). "A missense mutation in the rod domain of keratin 14 associated with recessive epidermolysis bullosa simplex". Nature Genetics. 3 (4): 327–32. doi:10.1038/ng0493-327. PMID 7526933.
* Chen H, Bonifas JM, Matsumura K, Ikeda S, Leyden WA, Epstein EH (Oct 1995). "Keratin 14 gene mutations in patients with epidermolysis bullosa simplex". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 105 (4): 629–32. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12323846. PMID 7561171.
* Humphries MM, Sheils DM, Farrar GJ, Kumar-Singh R, Kenna PF, Mansergh FC, Jordan SA, Young M, Humphries P (1993). "A mutation (Met-->Arg) in the type I keratin (K14) gene responsible for autosomal dominant epidermolysis bullosa simplex". Human Mutation. 2 (1): 37–42. doi:10.1002/humu.1380020107. PMID 7682883.
* Stephens K, Sybert VP, Wijsman EM, Ehrlich P, Spencer A (Aug 1993). "A keratin 14 mutational hot spot for epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Dowling-Meara: implications for diagnosis". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 101 (2): 240–3. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12365079. PMID 7688405.
* Chan YM, Cheng J, Gedde-Dahl T, Niemi KM, Fuchs E (Feb 1996). "Genetic analysis of a severe case of Dowling-Meara epidermolysis bullosa simplex". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 106 (2): 327–34. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12342985. PMID 8601736.
* Paladini RD, Takahashi K, Bravo NS, Coulombe PA (Feb 1996). "Onset of re-epithelialization after skin injury correlates with a reorganization of keratin filaments in wound edge keratinocytes: defining a potential role for keratin 16". The Journal of Cell Biology. 132 (3): 381–97. doi:10.1083/jcb.132.3.381. PMC 2120730. PMID 8636216.

## External links[edit | edit source]

* GeneReviews/NCBI/UW/NIH entry on Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex
* Proteopedia page on keratins

* v
* t
* e

Proteins of the cytoskeleton

Human|

| Microfilaments
and ABPs|

| Myofilament|

| Actins|

* A1
* A2
* B
* C1
* G1
* G2

|

Myosins|

* I
* MYO1A
* MYO1B
* MYO1C
* MYO1D
* MYO1E
* MYO1F
* MYO1G
* MYO1H)
* II
* MYH1
* MYH2
* MYH3
* MYH4
* MYH6
* MYH7
* MYH7B
* MYH8
* MYH9
* MYH10
* MYH11
* MYH13
* MYH14
* MYH15
* MYH16
* III
* MYO3A
* MYO3B
* V
* MYO5A
* MYO5B
* MYO5C
* VI
* MYO6
* VII
* MYO7A
* MYO7B
* IX
* MYO9A
* MYO9B
* X
* MYO10
* XV
* MYO15A
* XVIII
* MYO18A
* MYO18B
* LC
* MYL1
* MYL2
* MYL3
* MYL4
* MYL5
* MYL6
* MYL6B
* MYL7
* MYL9
* MYLIP
* MYLK
* MYLK2
* MYLL1

Other|

* Tropomodulin
* 1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* Troponin
* T 1 2 3
* C 1 2
* I 1 2 3
* Tropomyosin
* 1
* 2
* 3
* 4

* Actinin
* 1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* Arp2/3 complex
* actin depolymerizing factors
* Cofilin
* 1
* 2
* Destrin
* Gelsolin
* Profilin
* 1
* 2
* Titin

Other|

* Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein
* Fibrillin
* Filamin
* FLNA
* FLNB
* FLNC
* Espin
* TRIOBP

Intermediate
filaments|

| Type 1/2
(Keratin,
Cytokeratin)|

| Epithelial keratins
(soft alpha-keratins)|

* type I/chromosome 17
* 10
* 12
* 13
* 14
* 15
* 16
* 17
* 19
* 20
* chromosome 12
* 18
* none
* 21

* type II/chromosome 12
* 1
* 2A
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6A
* 6B
* 7
* 8
* 9

|

Hair keratins
(hard alpha-keratins)|

* type I/chromosome 17
* 31
* 32
* 33A
* 33B
* 34
* 35
* 36
* 37
* 38

* type II/chromosome 12
* 81
* 82
* 83
* 84
* 85
* 86

Ungrouped alpha|

* chromosome 17
* 23
* 24
* 25
* 26
* 27
* 28
* 39
* 40

* chromosome 12
* 71
* 72
* 73
* 74
* 75
* 76
* 77
* 78
* 79
* 80

Not alpha|

* Beta-keratin

Type 3|

* Desmin
* GFAP
* Peripherin
* Vimentin

Type 4|

* Internexin
* Nestin
* Neurofilament
* NEFL
* NEFM
* NEFH
* Synemin
* Syncoilin

Type 5|

* Nuclear lamins: A/C
* B1
* B2

Microtubules
and MAPs|

| Tubulins|

* TUBA1A
* TUBA1B
* TUBA1C
* TUBA3C
* TUBA3D
* TUBA3E
* TUBA4A
* TUBA8

|

Kinesins|

* KIF1A
* KIF1B
* KIF2A
* KIF2C
* KIF3B
* KIF3C
* KIF4A
* KIF4B
* KIF5A
* KIF5B
* KIF5C
* KIF6
* KIF7
* KIF9
* KIF11
* KIF12
* KIF13A
* KIF13B
* KIF14
* KIF15
* KIF16B
* KIF17
* KIF18A
* KIF18B
* KIF19
* KIF20A
* KIF20B
* KIF21A
* KIF21B
* KIF22
* KIF23
* KIF24
* KIF25
* KIF26A
* KIF26B
* KIF27
* KIFC1
* KIFC2
* KIFC3

Dyneins|

* axonemal: DNAH1
* DNAH2
* DNAH3
* DNAH5
* DNAH6
* DNAH7
* DNAH8
* DNAH9
* DNAH10
* DNAH11
* DNAH12
* DNAH13
* DNAH14
* DNAH17
* DNAI1
* DNAI2
* DNALI1
* DNAL1
* DNAL4

* cytoplasmic: DYNC1H1
* DYNC2H1
* DYNC1I1
* DYNC1I2
* DYNC1LI1
* DYNC1LI2
* DYNC2LI1
* DYNLL1
* DYNLL2
* DYNLRB1
* DYNLRB2
* DYNLT1
* DYNLT3

Other|

* Tau protein
* Dynactin
* DCTN1
* Stathmin
* Tektin
* TEKT1
* TEKT2
* TEKT3
* TEKT4
* TEKT5
* Dynamin
* DNM1
* DNM2
* DNM3

Catenins|

* Alpha catenin
* Beta catenin
* APC
* Plakoglobin (gamma catenin)
* Delta catenin
* GAN

Membrane|

* Dystrophin
* Dystroglycan
* Utrophin
* Ankyrin
* ANK1
* ANK2
* ANK3
* Spectrin
* SPTA1
* SPTAN1
* SPTB
* SPTBN1
* SPTBN2
* SPTBN4
* SPTBN5

Other|

* Plakins
* Corneodesmosin
* Desmoplakin
* Dystonin
* Envoplakin
* MACF1
* Periplakin
* Plectin
* Talin
* TLN1
* Vinculin
* Plakophilin
* PKP1
* PKP2

Nonhuman|

* Major sperm proteins
* Prokaryotic cytoskeleton
* Crescentin
* FtsZ
* MreB

See also: cytoskeletal defects
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